Optimization and evaluation of different chemical and electrochemical hydride generation systems for the determination of arsenic by microwave plasma torch optical emission spectrometry

Spectrochimica Acta - Part B Atomic Spectroscopy

Volumn 59, Issue 7, 2004, Pages 941-950

  Özmen, Burcu ^a   Matysik, Frank Michael ^a   Bings, Nicolas H ^b   Broekaert, José A C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEIPZIG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Arsenic; Electrochemical hydride generation; Hot trapping in a graphite furnace; Microwave plasma torch; Miniaturized systems

Indexed keywords

CARBON FIBERS; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; FURNACES; HYDRIDES; MICROWAVE GENERATION; OPTIMIZATION; VAPORIZATION;

HYDRIDE GENERATION SYSTEMS; MICROWAVE PLASMA TORCHES; MINIATURIZED SYSTEMS; OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROMETRY;

PLASMA TORCHES;

EID: 3242808220     PISSN: 05848547     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.sab.2004.04.006     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Léonard A. Part II. Metals and metalloids, and their ions and compounds: II.3. Arsenic. Merian E. Metals and Their Compounds in the Environment: Occurrence, Analysis and Biological Relevance. 1990;751-774 Wiley, New York.
2. Frankenberger W.T. Environmental Chemistry of Arsenic. 2001;Marcel Dekker, New York.
3. US Environmental Protection Agency, website: www.epa.gov/safewater/ arsenic.html .
4. World Health Organization, website: www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/ water_quality/arsenic.htm .
5. Jin Q., Yang G., Yu A., Liu J., Zhang H., Ben Y. A novel plasma emission source-microwave plasma torch (MPT), Pittcon '85, New Orleans USA. Abstract. 1171:1985.
6. Jin Q., Zhu C., Borer M.W., Hieftje G.M. A microwave plasma torch assembly for atomic emission spectrometry. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 46:1991;417-430.
7. Jin Q., Yang W., Liang F., Zhang H., Yu A., Cao Y., Zhou J., Xu B. Recent advances in microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 13:1998;377-384.
8. Pack B.W., Hieftje G.M., Jin Q. Use of an air/argon microwave plasma torch for the detection of tetraethyllead. Anal. Chim. Acta. 383:1999;231-241.
9. Yang C.L., Zhuang Z.X., Tu Y., Yang P.Y., Wang X.R. Thermospray nebulizer as a sample introduction technique for microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 53:1998;1427-1435.
10. Jin Q.H., Zhang H.Q., Yang W.J., Jin Q., Shi Y.H. Determination of trace silver, gold, germanium, lead, tin and tellurium by microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry coupled with an electrothermal vaporization sample introduction system. Talanta. 44:1997;1605-1614.
11. Jin Q., Wang F., Zhu C., Chambers D.M., Hieftje G.M. Atomic emission detector for gas chromatography and supercritical-fluid chromatography. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 5:1990;487-494.
12. Broekaert J.A.C., Bings N., Prokisch C., Seelig M. A close-up of three microwave plasma sources in view of improved element specific detection in liquid chromatography. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 53:1998;331-338.
13. Pereiro R., Wu M., Broekaert J.A.C., Hieftje G.M. Direct coupling of continuous hydride generation with microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of arsenic, antimony and tin. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 49:1994;59-73.
14. Thompson M., Pahlavanpour B., Walton S.J., Kirkbright G.F. Simultaneous determination of trace concentrations of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium and tellurium in aqueous solution by introduction of the gaseous hydrides into an inductively coupled plasma source for emission spectrometry. Analyst. 103:1978;568-579.
15. Lin Y., Wang X., Yuan D., Yang P., Huang B., Zhuang Z. Flow injection electrochemical hydride generation technique for atomic absorption spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 7:1992;287-291.
16. Schickling C., Yang J., Broekaert J.A.C. Optimization of electrochemical hydride generation coupled to microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of arsenic and its use for the analysis of biological tissue samples. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 11:1996;739-745.
17. Ding W.W., Sturgeon R.E. Evaluation of electrochemical hydride generation for the determination of arsenic and selenium in sea water by graphite furnace atomic absorption with in situ concentration. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 51:1996;1325-1334.
18. Schaumlöffel D., Neidhart B. A FIA-system for As(III)/As(V) determination with electrochemical hydride generation and AAS-detection. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 354:1996;866-869.
19. Denkhaus E., Golloch A., Guo X.M., Huang B. Electrolytic hydride generation (EC-HG) - sample introduction system with some features. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 16:2001;870-878.
20. Schermer S., Jurica L., Paumard J., Beinrohr E., Matysik F.-M., Broekaert J.A.C. Optimization of electrochemical hydride generation in a miniaturized flow cell coupled to microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of selenium. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 371:2000;740-745.
21. Bings N.H., Stefánka Z., Mallada S.R. Flow injection electrochemical hydride generation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of hydride forming elements and its application to the analysis of fresh water samples. Anal. Chim. Acta. 479:2003;203-214.
22. Šima J., Rychlovsky P. The electrochemical hydride generation of volatile selenium hydride with in-situ trapping in graphite tube atomizers. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 58:2003;919-930.
23. Bilgic A.M., Prokisch C., Broekaert J.A.C., Voges E. Design and modeling of a modified 2.45 GHz coaxial plasma torch for atomic spectrometry. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 53:1998;773-777.
24. DIN 38 414 Part 7, German standard methods for the examination of water, waste water, sludge and sediment (Group S), Digestion using aqua regia for the subsequent determination of the acid-soluble portion of metals (S7), 1983.
25. Sturgeon R.E., Willie S.N., Sproule G.I., Robinson P.T., Berman S.S. Sequestration of volatile element hydrides by platinum group elements for graphite furnace atomic absorption. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 44:1989;667-682.
26. Matusiewicz H., Sturgeon R.E., Berman S.S. In situ hydride generation and preconcentration of arsenic in a graphite furnace with sample vaporization into a microwave induced plasma for emission spectrometry. Spectrochim. Acta Part B. 45:1990;209-214.
27. Engel U., Bilgic A.M., Haase O., Voges E., Broekaert J.A.C. A new microwave induced plasma based on microstrip technology and its use for the atomic emission spectrometric determination of mercury with the aid of the cold-vapour technique. Anal. Chem. 72:2000;193-197.