Gastrocnemius and soleus lengths in cerebral palsy equinus gait - Differences between children with and without static contracture and effects of gastrocnemius recession

Journal of Biomechanics

Volumn 37, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 1321-1327

  Wren, Tishya A L ^a,b   Patrick Do, K ^a   Kay, Robert M ^a,b  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Cerebral palsy; Computer modeling; Muscle length

Indexed keywords

CEREBRAL PALSY; EQUINUS;

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING; BRAIN; GAIT ANALYSIS; MUSCLE; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM;

BIOMECHANICS;

ARTICLE; AUTOMATION; CEREBRAL PALSY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMPUTER MODEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GAIT; GAIT DISORDER; GASTROCNEMIUS MUSCLE; HUMAN; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTURE; MUSCLE LENGTH; MUSCLE RESECTION; PES EQUINUS; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; SOLEUS MUSCLE; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE;

ANKLE JOINT; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIAGNOSIS, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; EQUINUS DEFORMITY; FEMALE; GAIT DISORDERS, NEUROLOGIC; HUMANS; MALE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TREMOR;

EID: 3242682556     PISSN: 00219290     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.12.035     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Arnold A.S., Delp S.L. Rotational moment arms of the medial hamstrings and adductors vary with femoral geometry and limb position. implications for the treatment of internally rotated gait Journal of Biomechanics. 34:2001;437-447
2. Arnold A.S., Blemker S.S., Delp S.L. Evaluation of a deformable musculoskeletal model for estimating muscle-tendon lengths during crouch gait. Annals of Biomedical Engineering. 29:2001;263-274
3. Davis R.B.I., Ounpuu S., Tyburski D., Gage J.R. A gait analysis data collection and reduction technique. Human Movement Science. 10:1991;575-587
4. Delp, S.L., Zajac, F.E., 1992. Force- and moment-generating capacity of lower-extremity muscles before and after tendon lengthening. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 247-259.
5. Delp S.L., Loan J.P., Hoy M.G., Zajac F.E., Topp E.L., Rosen J.M. An interactive graphics-based model of the lower extremity to study orthopaedic surgical procedures. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 37:1990;757-767
6. Delp S.L., Arnold A.S., Speers R.A., Moore C.A. Hamstrings and psoas lengths during normal and crouch gait. implications for muscle-tendon surgery Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 14:1996;144-151
7. Elveru R.A., Rothstein J.M., Lamb R.L. Goniometric reliability in a clinical setting. Subtalar and ankle joint measurements. Physical Therapy. 68:1988;672-677
8. Engsberg J.R., Ross S.A., Olree K.S., Park T.S. Ankle spasticity and strength in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 42:2000;42-47
9. Friden J., Lieber R.L. Spastic muscle cells are shorter and stiffer than normal cells. Muscle and Nerve. 27:2003;157-164
10. Gage J.R. Gait Analysis in Cerebral Palsy. 1991;Mac Keith Press, London
11. Goldstein M., Harper D.C. Management of cerebral palsy. equinus gait Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 43:2001;563-569
12. Hoffinger S.A., Rab G.T., Abou-Ghaida H. Hamstrings in cerebral palsy crouch gait. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics. 13:1993;722-726
13. Kadaba M.P., Ramakrishnan H.K., Wootten M.E., Gainey J., Gorton G., Cochran G.V. Repeatability of kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic data in normal adult gait. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 7:1989;849-860
14. Kadaba M.P., Ramakrishnan H.K., Wootten M.E. Measurement of lower extremity kinematics during level walking. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 8:1990;383-392
15. Olsen H., Granata K.P., Damiano D., Abel M.F. Hamstring length in crouch gait - effects of hamstring lengthening. Gait and Posture. 16:2002;S88-S90
16. Schmidt D.J., Arnold A.S., Carroll N.C., Delp S.L. Length changes of the hamstrings and adductors resulting from derotational osteotomies of the femur. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 17:1999;279-285
17. Schutte L.M., Hayden S.W., Gage J.R. Lengths of hamstrings and psoas muscles during crouch gait. effects of femoral anteversion Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 15:1997;615-621
18. Shortland A.P., Harris C.A., Gough M., Robinson R.O. Architecture of the medial gastrocnemius in children with spastic diplegia. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 44:2002;158-163
19. Sutherland D. The development of mature gait. Gait and Posture. 6:1997;163-170
20. Thompson N.S., Baker R.J., Cosgrove A.P., Corry I.S., Graham H.K. Musculoskeletal modelling in determining the effect of botulinum toxin on the hamstrings of patients with crouch gait. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 40:1998;622-625
21. Thompson N.S., Baker R.J., Cosgrove A.P., Saunders J.L., Taylor T.C. Relevance of the popliteal angle to hamstring length in cerebral palsy crouch gait. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics. 21:2001;383-387
22. Wren T.A.L., Do K.P., Kay R.M. Calf muscle length in equinus gait. Gait and Posture. 18(Supplement 2):2003;S5-S6
23. Youdas J.W., Bogard C.L., Suman V.J. Reliability of goniometric measurements and visual estimates of ankle joint active range of motion obtained in a clinical setting. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 74:1993;1113-1118