메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 7, 2004, Pages 981-990

Safety of botulinum toxin type A: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author keywords

Adverse events; Botulinum toxin type A; Randomized controlled trials; Safety; Systematic review; Tolerability

Indexed keywords

BOTULINUM TOXIN A;

EID: 3242670022     PISSN: 03007995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1185/030079904125003962     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (255)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0025857556 scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic uses of botulinum toxin
    • Jankovic J, Brin MF. Therapeutic uses of botulinum toxin. New Engl J Med 1991;324(17):1186-94
    • (1991) New Engl J Med , vol.324 , Issue.17 , pp. 1186-1194
    • Jankovic, J.1    Brin, M.F.2
  • 2
    • 0031424647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin in movement disorders
    • Italian Study Group for Movement Disorders, Italian Society of Neurology
    • Berardelli A, Abbruzzese G, Bertolasi L, et al. Guidelines for the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin in movement disorders. Italian Study Group for Movement Disorders, Italian Society of Neurology. Ital J Neurol Sci 1997;18(5):261-9
    • (1997) Ital J Neurol Sci , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 261-269
    • Berardelli, A.1    Abbruzzese, G.2    Bertolasi, L.3
  • 3
    • 0034895356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin therapy for pain and inflammatory disorders: Mechanisms and therapeutic effects
    • Borodic GE, Acquadro M, Johnson EA. Botulinum toxin therapy for pain and inflammatory disorders: mechanisms and therapeutic effects. Expert Opin Invest Drugs 2001;10(8):1531-44
    • (2001) Expert Opin Invest Drugs , vol.10 , Issue.8 , pp. 1531-1544
    • Borodic, G.E.1    Acquadro, M.2    Johnson, E.A.3
  • 4
    • 0035076007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and immunology of botulinum toxin serotypes
    • Aoki KR. Pharmacology and immunology of botulinum toxin serotypes. J Neurol 2001;248(Suppl 1):3-10
    • (2001) J Neurol , vol.248 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 3-10
    • Aoki, K.R.1
  • 5
    • 33748271738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin: Chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and immunology
    • Brin M. Botulinum toxin: chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and immunology. Muscle Nerve Suppl 1997;6:S146-8
    • (1997) Muscle Nerve Suppl , vol.6
    • Brin, M.1
  • 6
    • 0035826782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice parameter: Diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review). Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Knopman DS, DeKosky ST, Cummings JL, et al. Practice parameter: diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review). Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2001;56(9):1143-53
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , Issue.9 , pp. 1143-1153
    • Knopman, D.S.1    DeKosky, S.T.2    Cummings, J.L.3
  • 9
    • 0029951449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of upper extremity spasticity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Simpson DM, Alexander DN, O'Brien CF, et al. Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of upper extremity spasticity: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neurology 1996;46(5):1306-10
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , Issue.5 , pp. 1306-1310
    • Simpson, D.M.1    Alexander, D.N.2    O'Brien, C.F.3
  • 11
    • 0035852961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin for simple motor tics: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial
    • Marras CAD, Sime E, Lang AE. Botulinum toxin for simple motor tics: a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Neurology 2001;56(5):605-10
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , Issue.5 , pp. 605-610
    • Marras, C.A.D.1    Sime, E.2    Lang, A.E.3
  • 12
    • 18744403969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of botulinum toxin type A and a variable hip abduction orthosis on gross motor function: A randomized controlled trial
    • Boyd RN, Dobson F, Parrott J, et al. The effect of botulinum toxin type A and a variable hip abduction orthosis on gross motor function: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Neurol 2001;8(Suppl 5):109-19
    • (2001) Eur J Neurol , vol.8 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 109-119
    • Boyd, R.N.1    Dobson, F.2    Parrott, J.3
  • 13
    • 1842426220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of botulinum toxin type A on the functional ability of the child with spastic hemiplegia a randomized controlled trial
    • Love SC, Valentine JP, Blair EM, Price CJ, Cole JH, Chauvel PJ. The effect of botulinum toxin type A on the functional ability of the child with spastic hemiplegia a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Neurol 2001;8(Suppl 5):50-8
    • (2001) Eur J Neurol , vol.8 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 50-58
    • Love, S.C.1    Valentine, J.P.2    Blair, E.M.3    Price, C.J.4    Cole, J.H.5    Chauvel, P.J.6
  • 14
    • 0035849562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double masked, controlled trial of botulinum toxin type A in essential hand tremor
    • Brin MF, Lyons KE, Doucette J, et al. A randomized, double masked, controlled trial of botulinum toxin type A in essential hand tremor. Neurology 2001;56(11):1523-8
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , Issue.11 , pp. 1523-1528
    • Brin, M.F.1    Lyons, K.E.2    Doucette, J.3
  • 15
    • 0029804226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of botulinum toxin injection versus placebo and pneumatic dilation in achalasia
    • Annese V, Basciani M, Perri F, et al. Controlled trial of botulinum toxin injection versus placebo and pneumatic dilation in achalasia. Gastroenterology 1996;111(6):1418-24
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.111 , Issue.6 , pp. 1418-1424
    • Annese, V.1    Basciani, M.2    Perri, F.3
  • 16
    • 0035884903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type A in treatment of bilateral primary axillary hyperhidrosis: Randomised, parallel group, double blind, placebo controlled trial
    • Naumann M, Lowe NJ. Botulinum toxin type A in treatment of bilateral primary axillary hyperhidrosis: randomised, parallel group, double blind, placebo controlled trial. Br Med J 2001;323(7313):596-9
    • (2001) Br Med J , vol.323 , Issue.7313 , pp. 596-599
    • Naumann, M.1    Lowe, N.J.2
  • 17
    • 0036621625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of glabellar lines
    • Carruthers JA, Lowe NJ, Menter MA, et al. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of glabellar lines. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;46(6):840-9
    • (2002) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 840-849
    • Carruthers, J.A.1    Lowe, N.J.2    Menter, M.A.3
  • 18
    • 0036715192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • Lowe NJ, Yamauchi PS, Lask GP, Patnaik R, Iyer S. Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Dermatol Surg 2002;28(9):822-7
    • (2002) Dermatol Surg , vol.28 , Issue.9 , pp. 822-827
    • Lowe, N.J.1    Yamauchi, P.S.2    Lask, G.P.3    Patnaik, R.4    Iyer, S.5
  • 19
    • 0037043682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of wrist and finger spasticity after a stroke
    • Brashear A, Gordon MF, Elovic E, et al. Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin for the treatment of wrist and finger spasticity after a stroke. New Engl J Med 2002;347(6):395-400
    • (2002) New Engl J Med , vol.347 , Issue.6 , pp. 395-400
    • Brashear, A.1    Gordon, M.F.2    Elovic, E.3
  • 20
    • 0036662306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum A toxin and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia: A double-blind lidocaine-controlled study in 13 patients with spinal cord disease
    • de Seze M, Petit H, Gallien P, et al. Botulinum A toxin and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia: a double-blind lidocaine-controlled study in 13 patients with spinal cord disease. Eur Urol 2002;42(1):56-62
    • (2002) Eur Urol , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-62
    • De Seze, M.1    Petit, H.2    Gallien, P.3
  • 21
    • 0036288008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term quantitative benefits of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis
    • Odderson IR. Long-term quantitative benefits of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis. Dermatol Surg 2002;28(6):480-3
    • (2002) Dermatol Surg , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 480-483
    • Odderson, I.R.1
  • 22
    • 0034883733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of botulinum toxin A injections in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Schmitt WJ, Slowey E, Fravi N, Weber S, Burgunder JM. Effect of botulinum toxin A injections in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Headache 2001;41(7):658-64
    • (2001) Headache , vol.41 , Issue.7 , pp. 658-664
    • Schmitt, W.J.1    Slowey, E.2    Fravi, N.3    Weber, S.4    Burgunder, J.M.5
  • 23
    • 0033827175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of botulinum-A toxin injections to improve upper extremity function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy
    • Fehlings D, Rang M, Glazier J, Steele C. An evaluation of botulinum-A toxin injections to improve upper extremity function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. J Pediatr 2000;137(3):331-7
    • (2000) J Pediatr , vol.137 , Issue.3 , pp. 331-337
    • Fehlings, D.1    Rang, M.2    Glazier, J.3    Steele, C.4
  • 24
    • 0033917504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type A as a migraine preventive treatment
    • For the BOTOX Migraine Clinical Research Group
    • Silberstein S, Mathew N, Saper J, Jenkins S. Botulinum toxin type A as a migraine preventive treatment. For the BOTOX Migraine Clinical Research Group. Headache 2000;40(6):445-50
    • (2000) Headache , vol.40 , Issue.6 , pp. 445-450
    • Silberstein, S.1    Mathew, N.2    Saper, J.3    Jenkins, S.4
  • 25
    • 0034122912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of chronic cervical-associated headache with botulinum toxin A: A pilot study
    • Freund BJ, Schwartz M. Treatment of chronic cervical-associated headache with botulinum toxin A: a pilot study. Headache 2000;40(3):231-6
    • (2000) Headache , vol.40 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-236
    • Freund, B.J.1    Schwartz, M.2
  • 26
    • 85046528106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type A neuromuscular blockade in the treatment of lower extremity spasticity in cerebral palsy: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • BOTOX Study Group
    • Koman LA, Mooney JF, 3rd, Smith BP, Walker F, Leon JM. Botulinum toxin type A neuromuscular blockade in the treatment of lower extremity spasticity in cerebral palsy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. BOTOX Study Group. J Pediatr Orthop 2000;20(1):108-15
    • (2000) J Pediatr Orthop , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 108-115
    • Koman, L.A.1    Mooney III, J.F.2    Smith, B.P.3    Walker, F.4    Leon, J.M.5
  • 28
  • 29
    • 0029873564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate botulinum toxin type A in essential hand tremor
    • Jankovic J, Schwartz K, Clemence W, Aswad A, Mordaunt J. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate botulinum toxin type A in essential hand tremor. Mov Disord 1996;11(3):250-6
    • (1996) Mov Disord , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 250-256
    • Jankovic, J.1    Schwartz, K.2    Clemence, W.3    Aswad, A.4    Mordaunt, J.5
  • 31
    • 0028960238 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin treatment of essential head tremor
    • Pahwa R, Busenbark K, Swanson-Hyland EF, et al. Botulinum toxin treatment of essential head tremor. Neurology 1995;45(4):822-4
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 822-824
    • Pahwa, R.1    Busenbark, K.2    Swanson-Hyland, E.F.3
  • 32
    • 0028962535 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin A for spasticity, muscle spasms, and rigidity
    • Grazko MA, Polo KB, Jabbari B. Botulinum toxin A for spasticity, muscle spasms, and rigidity. Neurology 1995;45(4):712-7
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 712-717
    • Grazko, M.A.1    Polo, K.B.2    Jabbari, B.3
  • 33
    • 0027455488 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin in the treatment of writer's cramp: A double-blind study
    • Tsui JK, Bhatt M, Calne S, Calne DB. Botulinum toxin in the treatment of writer's cramp: a double-blind study. Neurology 1993;43(1):183-5
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 183-185
    • Tsui, J.K.1    Bhatt, M.2    Calne, S.3    Calne, D.B.4
  • 34
    • 0026690902 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin therapy for limb dystonias
    • Yoshimura DM, Aminoff MJ, Olney RK. Botulinum toxin therapy for limb dystonias. Neurology 1992;42(3 Pt 1):627-30
    • (1992) Neurology , vol.42 , Issue.3 PART 1 , pp. 627-630
    • Yoshimura, D.M.1    Aminoff, M.J.2    Olney, R.K.3
  • 35
    • 0026355807 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind controlled study of botulinum toxin in adductor spasmodic dysphonia
    • Troung DD, Rontal M, Rolnick M, Aronson AE, Mistura K. Double-blind controlled study of botulinum toxin in adductor spasmodic dysphonia. Laryngoscope 1991;101(6 Pt 1):630-4
    • (1991) Laryngoscope , vol.101 , Issue.6 PART 1 , pp. 630-634
    • Troung, D.D.1    Rontal, M.2    Rolnick, M.3    Aronson, A.E.4    Mistura, K.5
  • 36
    • 0035933051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin A and chronic low back pain: A randomized, double-blind study
    • Foster L, Clapp L, Erickson M, Jabbari B. Botulinum toxin A and chronic low back pain: a randomized, double-blind study. Neurology 2001;56(10):1290-3
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , Issue.10 , pp. 1290-1293
    • Foster, L.1    Clapp, L.2    Erickson, M.3    Jabbari, B.4
  • 37
    • 0032143946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, prospective pilot study of botulinum toxin injection for refractory, unilateral, cervicothoracic, paraspinal, myofascial pain syndrome
    • Wheeler AH, Goolkasian P, Gretz SS. A randomized, double-blind, prospective pilot study of botulinum toxin injection for refractory, unilateral, cervicothoracic, paraspinal, myofascial pain syndrome. Spine 1998;23(15):1662-6
    • (1998) Spine , vol.23 , Issue.15 , pp. 1662-1666
    • Wheeler, A.H.1    Goolkasian, P.2    Gretz, S.S.3
  • 38
    • 0030321843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin is effective in the short-term treatment of esophageal achalasia. Preliminary results of a randomized trial
    • Fiorini A, Corti RE, Valero JL, Bai JC, Boerr L. Botulinum toxin is effective in the short-term treatment of esophageal achalasia. Preliminary results of a randomized trial. Acta Gastro-Enterol Latinoam 1996;26(3):155-7
    • (1996) Acta Gastro-Enterol Latinoam , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 155-157
    • Fiorini, A.1    Corti, R.E.2    Valero, J.L.3    Bai, J.C.4    Boerr, L.5
  • 39
    • 12244307830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of botulinum toxin vs lidocain pomade for chronic anal fissure
    • Colak T, Ipek T, Kanik A, Aydin S. A randomized trial of botulinum toxin vs lidocain pomade for chronic anal fissure. Acta Gastro-Enterol Belg 2002;65(4):187-90
    • (2002) Acta Gastro-Enterol Belg , vol.65 , Issue.4 , pp. 187-190
    • Colak, T.1    Ipek, T.2    Kanik, A.3    Aydin, S.4
  • 40
    • 0036893981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral, double-blind, randomized comparison of 3 doses of botulinum toxin type A and placebo in patients with crow's feet
    • Lowe NJ, Lask G, Yamauchi P, Moore D. Bilateral, double-blind, randomized comparison of 3 doses of botulinum toxin type A and placebo in patients with crow's feet. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;47(6):834-40
    • (2002) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.47 , Issue.6 , pp. 834-840
    • Lowe, N.J.1    Lask, G.2    Yamauchi, P.3    Moore, D.4
  • 41
    • 0032865074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind study of botulinum A toxin injections into the gastrocnemius muscle in patients with cerebral palsy
    • Sutherland DH, Kaufman KR, Wyatt MP, Chambers HG, Mubarak SJ. Double-blind study of botulinum A toxin injections into the gastrocnemius muscle in patients with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 1999;10(1):1-9
    • (1999) Gait Posture , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-9
    • Sutherland, D.H.1    Kaufman, K.R.2    Wyatt, M.P.3    Chambers, H.G.4    Mubarak, S.J.5
  • 42
    • 0022587865 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind study of botulinum toxin in spasmodic torticollis
    • Tsui JK, Eisen A, Stoessl AJ, Calne S, Calne DB. Double-blind study of botulinum toxin in spasmodic torticollis. Lancet 1986;2(8501):245-7
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8501 , pp. 245-247
    • Tsui, J.K.1    Eisen, A.2    Stoessl, A.J.3    Calne, S.4    Calne, D.B.5
  • 44
    • 0033536290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • Brisinda G, Maria G, Bentivoglio AR, Cassetta E, Gui D, Albanese A. A comparison of injections of botulinum toxin and topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. New Engl J Med. 1999;341(2):65-9
    • (1999) New Engl J Med , vol.341 , Issue.2 , pp. 65-69
    • Brisinda, G.1    Maria, G.2    Bentivoglio, A.R.3    Cassetta, E.4    Gui, D.5    Albanese, A.6
  • 45
    • 0030199329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum-A toxin in the treatment of craniocervical muscle spasms: Short- and long-term, local and systemic effects
    • Dutton JJ. Botulinum-A toxin in the treatment of craniocervical muscle spasms: short- and long-term, local and systemic effects. Surv Ophthalmol 1996;41(1):51-65
    • (1996) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-65
    • Dutton, J.J.1
  • 46
    • 0025847681 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm with botulinum A toxin: A Canadian multicentre study
    • Taylor JD, Kraft SP, Kazdan MS, Flanders M, Cadera W, Orton RB. Treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm with botulinum A toxin: a Canadian multicentre study. Can J Ophthalmol 1991;26(3):133-8
    • (1991) Can J Ophthalmol , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 133-138
    • Taylor, J.D.1    Kraft, S.P.2    Kazdan, M.S.3    Flanders, M.4    Cadera, W.5    Orton, R.B.6
  • 47
    • 0024991666 scopus 로고
    • Side effects of the use of botulinum toxin for treatment of benign essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm
    • Kalra HK, Magoon EH. Side effects of the use of botulinum toxin for treatment of benign essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. Ophthalmic Surg 1990;21(5):335-8
    • (1990) Ophthalmic Surg , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 335-338
    • Kalra, H.K.1    Magoon, E.H.2
  • 49
    • 0036161164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of preseptal and pretarsal injections of botulinum toxin in the treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm
    • Cakmur R, Ozturk V, Uzunel F, Donmez B, Idiman F. Comparison of preseptal and pretarsal injections of botulinum toxin in the treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. J Neurol 2002;249(1):64-8
    • (2002) J Neurol , vol.249 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-68
    • Cakmur, R.1    Ozturk, V.2    Uzunel, F.3    Donmez, B.4    Idiman, F.5
  • 50
    • 3242657404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More on NSAIDs [online]
    • More on NSAIDs [online]. Bandolier Journal. 1998;52. Available from http://www.jr2.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/band53/b53-4.html. Accessed September 2003
    • (1998) Bandolier Journal , pp. 52
  • 51
    • 3242655667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NSAID-induced GI injury [online]
    • NSAID-induced GI injury [online]. Bandolier Journal. 1997;39. Available from http://www.jr2.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/band39/b39.html. Accessed September 2003
    • (1997) Bandolier Journal , pp. 39
  • 52
    • 0035209065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gabapentin for neuropathic pain: Systematic review of controlled and uncontrolled literature
    • Mellegers MA, Furlan AD, Mailis A. Gabapentin for neuropathic pain: systematic review of controlled and uncontrolled literature. Clin J Pain 2001;17(4):284-95
    • (2001) Clin J Pain , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 284-295
    • Mellegers, M.A.1    Furlan, A.D.2    Mailis, A.3
  • 53
    • 0033552134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized double-blind study comparing the efficacy of gabapentin with amitriptyline on diabetic peripheral neuropathy pain
    • Morello CM, Leckband SG, Stoner CP, Moorhouse DF, Sahagian GA. Randomized double-blind study comparing the efficacy of gabapentin with amitriptyline on diabetic peripheral neuropathy pain. Arch Intern Med 1999;159(16):1931-7
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , Issue.16 , pp. 1931-1937
    • Morello, C.M.1    Leckband, S.G.2    Stoner, C.P.3    Moorhouse, D.F.4    Sahagian, G.A.5
  • 54
    • 0032477305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gabapentin for the treatment of post herpetic neuralgia: A randomized controlled trial
    • Rowbotham M, Harden N, Stacey B, Bernstein P, Magnus-Miller L. Gabapentin for the treatment of post herpetic neuralgia: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc 1998;280(21):1837-42
    • (1998) J Am Med Assoc , vol.280 , Issue.21 , pp. 1837-1842
    • Rowbotham, M.1    Harden, N.2    Stacey, B.3    Bernstein, P.4    Magnus-Miller, L.5
  • 55
    • 0141502254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term safety of botulinum toxin type A
    • Naumann M, Moore AP. Long-term safety of botulinum toxin type A. Mov Disord 2003;18(9):1080-1
    • (2003) Mov Disord , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 1080-1081
    • Naumann, M.1    Moore, A.P.2
  • 56
    • 0036869216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term efficacy of botulinum toxin A in treatment of various movement disorders over a 10-year period
    • Hsiung GY, Das SK, Ranawaya R, Lafontaine AL, Suchowersky O. Long-term efficacy of botulinum toxin A in treatment of various movement disorders over a 10-year period. Mov Disord 2002;17(6):1288-93
    • (2002) Mov Disord , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 1288-1293
    • Hsiung, G.Y.1    Das, S.K.2    Ranawaya, R.3    Lafontaine, A.L.4    Suchowersky, O.5
  • 57
    • 0037426445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of efficacy and immunogenicity of original versus current botulinum toxin in cervical dystonia
    • Jankovic J, Vuong KD, Ahsan J. Comparison of efficacy and immunogenicity of original versus current botulinum toxin in cervical dystonia. Neurology 2003;60(7):1186-8
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , Issue.7 , pp. 1186-1188
    • Jankovic, J.1    Vuong, K.D.2    Ahsan, J.3
  • 58
    • 0032763527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin A in patients with oromandibular dystonia: Long-term follow-up
    • Tan EK, Jankovic J. Botulinum toxin A in patients with oromandibular dystonia: long-term follow-up. Neurology 1999;53(9):2102-7
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , Issue.9 , pp. 2102-2107
    • Tan, E.K.1    Jankovic, J.2
  • 59
    • 0036191227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin A treatment for primary hemifacial spasm: A 10-year multicenter study
    • Defazio G, Abbruzzese G, Girlanda P, et al. Botulinum toxin A treatment for primary hemifacial spasm: a 10-year multicenter study. Arch Neurol 2002;59(3):418-20
    • (2002) Arch Neurol , vol.59 , Issue.3 , pp. 418-420
    • Defazio, G.1    Abbruzzese, G.2    Girlanda, P.3
  • 60
    • 33748271738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin: Chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and immunology
    • Brin MF. Botulinum toxin: chemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, and immunology. Muscle Nerve Suppl 1997;6:S146-68
    • (1997) Muscle Nerve Suppl , vol.6
    • Brin, M.F.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.