An anthropoid primate humerus from the Rukwa Rift Basin, Paleogene of southwestern Tanzania

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 986-989

  Stevens, Nancy J ^a   O'Connor, Patrick M ^a   Gottfried, Michael D ^b   Roberts, Eric M ^c   Ngasala, Sifael ^d  

^a OHIO UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

^d UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM   (Tanzania)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PRIMATES;

EID: 32144457704     PISSN: 02724634     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0986:AAPHFT]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Note

References (52)

1. Ciochon, R. L., and G. F. Gunnell. 2002. Eocene primates from Myanmar: historical perspectives on the origin of Anthropoidea. Evolutionary Anthropology 11:156-168.
2. Conroy, G. C. 1976. Primate postcranial remains from the Oligocene of Egypt. Contributions to Primatology 8:1-134.
3. Damblon, F., P. Gerrienne, H. D'Outrelepont, D. Delvaux, H. Beeckman, and S. Back. 1998. Identification of a fossil wood specimen in the Red Sandstone Group of southwestern Tanzania: stratigraphic and tectonic implications. Journal of African Earth Science 26 (3): 387-396.
4. Ducrocq, S. 2001. Palaeogene anthropoid primates from Africa and Asia: new phylogenetical evidences. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 332:351-356.
5. Ebinger, C., A. Deino, R. Drake, and A. Tesha. 1989. Chronology of volcanism and rift basin propagation: Rungwe Volcanic Province, East Africa. Journal of Geophysical Research 94:15785-15803.
6. Fleagle, J. G. 1999. Primate Adaptation and Evolution. Second Edition. Academic Press, London, 608 pp.
7. Fleagle, J. G., and E. L. Simons. 1978. Micropithecus clarki, a small ape from Miocene of Uganda. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 49:427-440.
8. Fleagle, J. G., and E. L. Simons. 1982a. The humerus of Aegyptopithecus zeuxis: a primitive anthropoid. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 59:175-193.
9. Fleagle, J. G., and E. L. Simons. 1982b. Skeletal remains of Propliopithecus chirobates from the Egyptian Oligocene. Folia Primatologica 39:161-177.
10. Fleagle, J. G., and E. L. Simons. 1995. Limb skeleton and locomotor adaptations of Apidium phiomense, an Oligocene anthropoid from Egypt. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 97:235-289.
11. Gebo, D. L., E. L. Simons, D. T. Rasmussen, and M. Dagosto. 1994. Eocene anthropoid postcrania from the Fayum, Egypt; pp, 203-233 in J. G. Fleagle and R. F. Kay (eds.), Anthropoid Origins. Plenum Press, New York.
12. Godinot, M. 1994. Early North African primates and their significance for the origin of Simiformes (= Anthropoidea); pp. 235-296 in J. G. Fleagle and R. F. Kay (eds.), Anthropoid Origins. Plenum Press, New York.
13. Godinot, M., and M. Mahboubi. 1992. Earliest simian primate found in Algeria. Nature 357: 324-326.
14. Gunnell, G. F., and E. R. Miller. 2001. Origin of Anthropoidea: dental evidence and recognition of early anthropoids in the fossil record, with comments on the Asian anthropoid radiation. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 114:177-191.
15. Gunnell, G. F., B. F. Jacobs, P. S. Herendeen, J. J. Head, E. Kowalski, C. Msuya, F. A. Mizambwa, T. Harrison, J. Habersetzer, and G. Storch. 2002. The earliest placental mammal from sub-Saharan Africa: Eocene microbat from Tanzania - evidence for early evolution of sophisticated echolocation. Paleontologica Electronica 5(3):1-10.
16. Harrison, T. (editor) 1997. Neogene Paleontology of the Manonga. Valley, Tanzania: a Window into East African Evolutionary History. Plenum Press, New York, 418 pp.
17. Harrison, T., C. P. Msuya, A. M. Murray, B. F. Jacobs, A. M. Baez, R. Mundil, and K. R. Ludwig. 2001. Paleontological investigations at the Eocene locality of Mahenge in north-central Tanzania, East Africa; pp. 39-74 in G. F. Gunnell (ed.), Eocene Biodiversity: Unusual Occurrences and Rarely Sampled Habitats (ed.). Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York.
18. Hartenberger, J.-L., and B. Marandat. 1992. A new genus and species of an early Eocene primate from North Africa. Human Evolution 7: 7-16.
19. Heesy, C. P., N. J. Stevens, and K. E. Samonds. in press. Biogeographic origins of primate higher taxa; in J. G. Fleagle and S. Lehman (eds.), Primate Biogeography. Kluwer, New York.
20. Holroyd, P. A. 1994. An examination of dispersal origins for Fayum Mammalia. Ph.D. dissertation, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 328 pp.
21. Kappelman, J., D. T. Rasmussen, W. J. Sanders, M. Fescha, T. Bown, P. Copeland, J. Crabaugh, J. Fleagle, M. Glantz, A. Gordon, B. Jacobs, M. Maga, K. Muldoon, A. Pan, L. Pyne, B. Richmond, T. Ryan, E. Seiffert, S. Sen, L. Todd, M. Wiemann, and A. Winkler. 2003. Oligocene mammals from Ethiopia and faunal exchange between Afro-Arabia and Eurasia. Nature 426:549-552.
22. Kingston, J. D., B. F. Jacobs, A. Hill, and A. L. Deino. 2002. Stratigraphy, age and environments of the late Miocene Mpesida Beds, Tugen Hills, Kenya. Journal of Human Evolution 42:95-116.
23. Lavocat, R. 1973. Les rongeurs du Miocène d'Afrique Orientale. I. Miocène inférieur. Mémoires et Travaux Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Institut Montpellier 1:1-284.
24. Leakey, M. G., C. S. Feibel, I. McDougall, and A. Walker. 1995a. New four-million-year-old hominid species from Kanapoi and Allia Bay, Kenya. Nature 376:565-571.
25. Leakey M. G., P. S. Ungar, and A. Walker. 1995b. A new genus of large primate from the late Oligocene of Lothidok, Turkana District, Kenya. Journal of Human Evolution 28:519-531.
26. MacLatchy, L. M., and D. P. Pilbeam. 1999. Renewed Research in the Ugandan Early Miocene; pp. 15-25 in P. Andrews & P. Banham (eds.), Late Cenozoic Environments and Hominid Evolution: a Tribute to Bill Bishop. The Royal Geological Society, London.
27. Miller, E. R., and E. L. Simons. 1997. Dentition of Proteopithecus sylviae, an archaic anthropoid from the Fayum, Egypt. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 94:13760-13764.
28. Morley, C. K., S. M. Cunningham, R. M. Harper, and W. A. Westcott. 1999. Geology and geophysics of the Rukwa Rift, East Africa. Tectonics 11:69-81.
29. Murray, A. M. 2000. Eocene cichlid fishes from Tanzania, East Africa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20:651-664.
30. O'Connor, P. M., M. D. Gottfried, E. M. Roberts, N. J. Stevens, F. Jackson, and E. Rasmussen. 2003. Closing the African Gap: a new Cretaceous vertebrate fauna from Tanzania. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23(3, supplement):84A.
31. Osborn, H.F. 1908. New fossil mammals from the Fayum Oligocene, Egypt, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 24: 265-272.
32. Roberts, E. M., P. M. O'Connor, M. D. Gottfried, N. J. Stevens, S. Kapilima, and S. Ngsala. 2004. Revised stratigraphy and age of the Red Sandstone Group in the Rukwa Rift Basin, Tanzania. Cretaceous Research 25:749-759.
33. Rose, K. D. 1987. Climbing adaptations in the early Eocene mammal Chriacus and the origin of Artiodactyla. Science 236:314-316.
34. Rose, M. D. 1988. Miocene hominoid postcranial morphology: monkey-like, apelike, neither, or both; pp. 405-417 in R. L. Ciochon and R. Corruccini (eds.), New Views of Ape and Human Evolution, Plenum Press, New York.
35. Schneider, E. E. 1984. Comparative and Functional Morphology of the Appendicular Skeleton in Oligocene Fayum Rodentia. M.S. thesis, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 44 pp.
36. Seiffert, E. R., E. L. Simons, and J. G. Fleagle. 2000. Anthropoid humeri from the late Eocene of Egypt. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 97:10062-10067.
37. Seiffert, E. R., E. L. Simons, and C. V. M. Simons. 2004. Phylogenetic, biogeographic, and adaptive implications of new fossil evidence bearing on crown anthropoid origins and early stem catarrhine evolution; pp. 157-181 in C. Ross and R. F. Kay (eds.), Anthropoid Origins: New Visions. Plenum Press, New York.
38. Simons, E. L. 1995. Egyptian Oligocene primates: a review. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 38:199-238.
39. Simons, E. L. 1997. Preliminary description of the cranium of Proteopithecus sylviae, an Egyptian late Eocene anthropoidean primate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 94:14970-14975.
40. Simons, E. L., and R. F. Kay. 1983. Qatrania, New Basal Anthropoid Primate from the Fayum, Oligocene of Egypt. Nature 304:624-626.
41. Simons, E. L., and R. F. Kay. 1988. New material of Qatrania from Egypt with comments on the phylogenctic position of the Parapithecidae (Primates, Anthropoidea). American Journal of Primatology 15: 337-347.
42. Simons, E. L., and D. T. Rasmussen. 1995. A whole new world of ancestors: Eocene anthropoideans from Africa. Evolutionary Anthropology 3:128-139.
43. Simons, E. L., D. T. Rasmussen, T. M. Bown, and P. S. Chatrath. 1994. The Eocene origin of anthropoid primates: adaptation, evolution, and diversity; pp. 179-201 in J. G. Fleagle and R. F. Kay (eds.), Anthropoid Origins. Plenum Press, New York.
44. Simons, E. L., E. R. Seiffert, P. S. Chatrath, and Y. Attia. 2001. Earliest record of a parapithecid from the Jebel Qatrani Formation, Northern Egypt. Folia Primatologica 72:316-331.
45. Stevens, N. J., and C. P. Heesy. 2000. Biogeographic origins of primate higher taxa. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20(3, supplement): 71A.
46. Stevens, N. J., M. D. Gottfried, P. M. O'Connor, E. M. Roberts, and S. D. Kapilima. 2004. A new Paleogene fauna from the East African Rift, southwestern Tanzania. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(3, supplement):118A.
47. Stevens, N. J., P. M. O'Connor, M. D. Gottfried, E. M. Roberts, and S. Ngasala. In press. Metaphiomys from the Paleogene of southwestern Tanzania. Journal of Paleontology.
48. Szalay, F. S., and M. Dagosto. 1980. Locomotor adaptations as reflected on the humerus of Paleogene primates. Folia Primatologica 34:1-45.
49. Thomas, H., S. Sen, J. Roger, and Z. Al-Sulaimani. 1991. The discovery of Moeripithecus markgrafi Schlosser (Propliopithecidae, Anthropoidea, Primates) in the Ashawq Formation (Early Oligocene of Dhofar Province, Sultanate of Oman). Journal of Human Evolution 20:33-49.
50. Tiercelin, J. J., J. Chorowicz, H. Bellon, J. P. Richert, J. T. Mwanabene, and F. Walgenwitz. 1988. East African Rift System: offset, age and tectonic significance of the Tanganyika-Rukwa-Malawi intracontinental transcurrent fault zone. Tectonophysics 148:241-252.
51. Van der Beek, P., E. Mbede, P. Andreisson, and D. Delvaux. 1998. Denudation history of the Malawi and Rukwa Rift flanks (East African Rift System) from fission track thermochronology; pp. 363-385 in D. Delvaux and M. A. Khan (eds.), Tectonics, Sedimentation and Volcanism in the East African Rift System. Journal of African Earth Science 26.
52. Wood, A. E. 1968. The African Oligocene Rodentia. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 28:23-105.