Palynology of late Westphalian-early Stephanian coal-bearing deposits in the eastern South Wales Coalfield

Geological Magazine

Volumn 142, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 809-821

  Dimitrova, Tatiana K H ^a   Cleal, Christopher J ^b   Thomas, Barry A ^c  

^a GEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Bulgaria)

^b DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^c ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Climate change; Palaeoecology; Palynology; Stephanian; Westphalian

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; COAL; PLANTS (BOTANY);

COAL FIELDS; COAL SEAMS; PALAEOECOLOGY; PALYNOFLORAS; PALYNOLOGY; SOUTH WALES; STEPHANIAN; WESTPHALIAN;

COAL DEPOSITS;

CARBONIFEROUS; COAL; PALYNOLOGY;

EURASIA; EUROPE; SOUTH WALES COALFIELD; UNITED KINGDOM; WALES; WESTERN EUROPE;

CORDAITES; LYCOPODIOPHYTA; STEPHANIA;

EID: 32044432116     PISSN: 00167568     EISSN: 14695081     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S001675680500107X     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Adams, H. F. 1967. The seams of the South Wales Coalfield. London: The Institute of Mining Engineers, 38 pp., 23 figs.
2. Alpern, B., Lachkar, G. & Liabeuf, J. J. 1967. Le bassin houiller Lorrain peut-il fournir un stratotype pour le Wesphalien supérieur? Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 5, 75-91.
3. Balme, B. E. 1995. Fossil in situ spores and pollen grains: An annotated catalogue. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 87, 81-323.
4. Barss, M. S. & Hacquebard, P. A. 1967. Age and stratigraphy of the Pictou Group in the Maritime provinces as revealed by fossil spores. Geological Association of Canada, Special Papers 4, 267-82.
5. Batten, D. J. 1999. Small palynomorphs. In Fossil plants and spores: modern techniques (eds T. P. Jones and N. P. Rowe), pp. 15-19. London: Geological Society.
6. Bek, J. & Opluštil, S. 1998. Some lycopsid, sphenopsid and pteropsid fructifications and their miospores from the Upper Carboniferous basins of the Bohemian Massif. Palaeontographica, Abteilung B 248, 127-61.
7. Birks, H. J. B. 1973. Modern pollen rain studies in some arctic and alpine environments. In Quaternary plant ecology (eds H. J. B. Birks and R. G. West), pp. 143-68. Oxford: Blackwell.
8. Bless, M. J. M., Calver, M. A. & Josten, J.-H. 1972. Report of the working group on the Westphalian C in N.W. Europe. Compte rendu 7e Congrès International de Stratigraphie et de Géologie du Carbonifère (Krefeld, 1971) 1, 223-30, 1 pull-out.
9. Brack-Hanes, S. D. & Thomas, B. A. 1983. A re-examination of Lepidostrobus Brongniart. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 86, 125-33.
10. Broadhurst, F. M. & France, A. A. 1986. Time represented by coal seams in the Coal Measures of England. International Journal of Coal Geology 6, 43-54.
11. Broadhurst, F. M., Simpson, I. M. & Hardy, P. G. 1980. Seasonal sedimentation in the Upper Carboniferous of England. Journal of Geology 88, 639-51.
12. Brousmiche Delcambre, C., Coquel, R. & Wagner, R. H. 1995. Nouvelle interprétation du genre Omphalophloios White, 1898 (Lycophyte primitive). Comptes rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, Serie II 321, 179-84.
13. Clayton, G., Coquel, R., Doubinger, J., Gueinn, K. J., Loboziak, S., Owens, B. & Streel, M. 1977. Carboniferous miospores of western Europe: illustration and zonation. Mededelingen Rijks Geologische Dienst 29, 1-71.
14. Cleal, C. J. 1978. Floral biostratigraphy of the upper Silesian Pennant Measures of South Wales. Geological Journal 13, 165-94.
15. Cleal, C. J. 1984a. The Westphalian D floral biostratigraphy of Saarland (Fed. Rep. Germany) and a comparison with that of South Wales. Geological Journal 19, 327-51.
16. Cleal, C. J. 1984b. The recognition of the base of the Westphalian D Stage in Britain. Geological Magazine 121, 125-9.
17. Cleal, C. J. 1991. The age of the base of the Forest of Dean Coal Measures: Fact and fancy. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 102, 261-4.
18. Cleal, C. J. 1997. The palaeobotany of the upper Westphalian and Stephanian of southern Britain and its geological significance. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 95, 227-53.
19. Cleal, C. J., Dimitrova, T. KH. & Zodrow, E. L. 2003. Macrofloral and palynological criteria for recognising the Westphalian - Stephanian boundary. Newsletters in Stratigraphy 39, 181-208.
20. Cleal, C. J. & Thomas, B. A. 1996. British Upper Carboniferous stratigraphy. London: Chapman & Hall, xiii + 339 pp.
21. Davies, D. 1929. Correlation and palæontology of the Coal Measures in east Glamorganshire. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 217, 91-153.
22. Davies, H. G. & Downie, C. 1964. Age of the Newgale Beds. Nature 203, 71-2.
23. Davis, M. B. 1963. On the theory of pollen analysis. American Journal of Science 261, 897-912.
24. DiMichele, W. A. & Phillips, T. L. 1996. Clades, ecological amplitudes, and ecomorphs: Phylogenetic effects and persistence of primitive plant communities in the Pennsylvanian-age tropical wetlands. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 127, 83-105.
25. DiMichele, W. A., Phillips, T. L. & Peppers, R. A. 1985. The influence of climate and depositional environment on the distribution and evolution of Pennsylvanian coal swamp plants. In Geological factors in the evolution of plants (ed. B. Tiffney), pp. 223-56. New Haven: Yale University Press.
26. Evans, B., Cleal, C. J. & Thomas, B. A. 2000. Exposures of the Westphalian Series in the upper Neath and Swansea Valleys, South Wales - a geoconservation project. Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy 18, 23-5.
27. Evans, B., Cleal, C. J. & Thomas, B. A. 2001. Exposures of the Westphalian Series in the upper Neath Valley, South Wales. Newsletter on Carboniferous Stratigraphy 19, 45-7.
28. Evans, B. G., Cleal, C. J., Thomas, B. A. & Wimbledon, W. A. P. 2003. The Westphalian succession of the Glynneath area, South Wales: An internationally important geological resource. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 114, 291-305.
29. Gastaldo, R. A. 1992. Regenerative growth in fossil horsetails following burial by alluvium. Historical Biology 6, 203-19.
30. George, T. N. & Wagner R. H. 1970. Report and proceedings of the meeting of the I.U.G.S. Subcommission on Carboniferous Stratigraphy held in Liège, 16th to 18th April, 1969. In Colloque sur la stratigraphie du Carbonifère (eds M. Streel and R. H. Wagner), pp. 151-65. Les Congrès et Colloques de l'Université de Liège no. 55. Liège: University Press.
31. George, T. N. & Wagner, R. H. 1972. International Union of Geological Sciences Subcommission on Carboniferous Stratigraphy. Proceedings and Report of the General Assembly at Krefeld, August 21-22. Compte rendu 7e Congrès International de Stratigraphie et de Géologie du Carbonifère (Krefeld, 1971) 1, 139-47.
32. Hartley, A. J. 1993. A depositional model for the mid-Westphalian A to late Westphalian B Coal Measures of South Wales. Journal of the Geological Society, London 150, 1121-36.
33. Kelling, G. 1974. Upper Carboniferous sedimentation in south Wales. In The Upper Palaeozoic and post-Palaeozoic rocks of Wales (ed. T. R. Owen), pp. 185-244. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
34. Manger, W L. 1985. Minutes of the meeting of West European titular members of S.C.C.S., September 16, 1983. Compte rendu 10e Congrès International de Stratigraphie et de Géologie du Carbonifère (Madrid, 1983) 4, 459-60.
35. Meyen, S. V. 1988. Gymnosperms of the Angaran flora. In Origin and evolution of gymnosperms (ed. C. B. Beck), pp. 338-81. New York: Columbia University Press.
36. North, F. J. 1935. The Coal Forests - and David Davies, Gilfach Goch. Cardiff: South Wales Institute of Engineers, 30 pp.
37. Peppers, R. A. 1985. Comparison of miospore assemblages in the Pennsylvanian System of the Illinois Basin with those in the Upper Carboniferous of western Europe. Proceedings of the 9th International Carboniferous Congress (Washington & Urbana, 1979) 2, 483-502.
38. Pfefferkorn, H. W. 1980. A note on the term "upland flora". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 30, 157-8.
39. Phillips, T. L., Peppers, R. A. & DiMichele, W. A. 1985. Stratigraphic and interregional changes in Pennsylvanian coal-swamp vegetation: environmental inferences. International Journal of Coal Geology 5, 43-109.
40. Scott A. C. 1977. A review of the ecology of Upper Carboniferous plant assemblages, with new data from Strathclyde. Palaeontology 20, 447-73.
41. Scott, A. C. & Chaloner, W. G. 1983. The earliest fossil conifer from the Westphalian B of Yorkshire. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 220, 163-82.
42. Smith, A. H. V. 1957. The sequence of microspore assemblages associated with the occurrence of crassidurite in coals seams of Yorkshire. Geological Magazine 94, 345-63.
43. Smith, A. H. V. 1962. The palaeoecology of Carboniferous peats based on the miospores and petrography of bituminous coals. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society 33, 423-74.
44. Smith, A. H. V. 1987. Stratigraphic ranges of selected miospores in coal seams of Upper Coal Measures age in Oxfordshire and S.E. Warwickshire. Journal of Micropalaeontology 6, 21-37.
45. Smith, A. H. V. & Butterworth, M. A. 1967. Miospores in the coal seams of the Carboniferous of Great Britain. Special Papers in Palaeontology 1, 324 pp., 27 pls.
46. Stidd, B. M. & Hall, J. W. 1970. Callandrium callistophytoides gen. et sp. nov., the probable pollen-bearing organ of the seed-ferns. American Journal of Botany 57, 394-403.
47. Sullivan, H. J. 1962. Distribution of the miospores through coals and shales of the Coal Measures sequence exposed in Wern Ddu Claypit, Caerphilly (South Wales). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 118, 353-73, pl. 15.
48. Thomas, B. A. 1978. New British records of Carboniferous lycopod cones. Geological Journal 13, 11-14.
49. Trivett, M. L. & Rothwell, G. W. 1991. Diversity among Paleozoic Cordaitales. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 183, 289-305.
50. Wagner, R. H. 1966. Palaeobotanical dating of Upper Carboniferous folding phases in NW. Spain. Memorias del Instituto Geologico y Minero de España 66, 1-169.
51. Willard, D. A. 1993. Vegetational patterns in the Springfield coal (Middle Pennsylvanian, Illinois Basin): Comparison of miospore and coal-ball records. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 286, 139-52.
52. Woodland, A. W. & Evans, W. B. 1964. The country around Pontypridd and Maesteg. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 391 pp.
53. Woodland, A. W., Evans, W. B. & Stephens, J. V. 1957. Classification of the Coal Measures of South Wales with special reference to the Upper Coal Measures. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Great Britain 13, 39-60.
54. Yao Zhao-Qi & Taylor, T. N. 1988. On a new gleicheniaceous fern from the Permian of South China. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 54, 121-34.