The consequences of reporting child maltreatment: Are school personnel at risk for secondary traumatic stress?

Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 79-98

  VanBergeijk, Ernst O ^a   Sarmiento, Teresa L L ^a  

^a FORDHAM UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Child maltreatment; Reporting; School personnel; Secondary traumatic stress; Trauma; United States Mexico border

Indexed keywords

EID: 31744444492     PISSN: 14743310     EISSN: 14743329     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/brief-treatment/mhj003     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. 1991-1992 San Diego County Grand Jury. (1992, June 18). San Ysidro School District (Tech. Rep. No. 5). San Diego, CA: Author.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Astor, R. A., Pitner, R. O., & Duncan, B. B. (1998). Ecological approaches to mental health consultation with teachers on issues related to youth and school violence [Electronic version]. Journal of Negro Education, 65, 336-355.
4. Baird, S., & Jenkins, S. R. (2003). Vicarious traumatization, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout in sexual abuse and domestic violence agency staff. Violence and Victims, 18(1), 71-86.
5. Bricker, P. L., & Fleischer, C. G. (1993). Social support as experienced by Roman Catholic priests: The influences of vocationally imposed network restrictions. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 14, 219-234.
6. Catherall, D. R. (1995). Coping with secondary traumatic stress: The importance of the therapist's professional peer group. In B. H. Stamm (Ed.), Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators (pp. 80-92). Baltimore, MD: Sidran Press.
7. Conrad, D. J., & Perry, B. D. (2000). The cost of caring: Understand and preventing secondary traumatic stress when working with traumatized and maltreated children. Interdisciplinary Education Series. Child Trauma Academy. Retrieved November 10, 2002, from http://www.childtrauma.org/ CTAMATERIALS/SecTrma2_03_v2.pdf
8. Cornille, T. A., & Meyers, T. W. (1999). Secondary traumatic stress among child protective service workers: Prevalence, severity, and predictive factors. Traumatology, 5, 1-17.
9. Cremer, T. L., & Liddle, B. J. (2005). Secondary traumatic stress among disaster mental health workers responding to the September 11 attacks. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18(1), 89-96.
10. Creswell, J.W. (1994). Research design: Qualitative & quantitative approaches. California: Sage.
11. Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
12. Cromwell, K. (1996, December). Khamisa's Anguish. In San Diego Magazine. Retrieved October 21, 2002, from, http://www.sandiegoonline.com/issues/ december96/khamisa.shtml
13. Cunningham, M. (2003). Impact of trauma work on social work clinicians: Empirical findings. Social Work, 48, 451-458.
14. Dane, B. (2000). Child welfare workers: An innovative approach for interacting with secondary trauma. Journal of Social Work Education, 36(1), 27-38.
15. Davis, J. A. (1996). Sadness, tragedy, and mass disaster in Oklahoma City: Providing critical incident stress debriefings to acommunity in crisis. Accident and Emergency Nursing, 4(2), 59-64.
16. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Ed.). (1994). Handbook of qualitative research. London: Sage. Dunning, C., & Silva, M. (1980). Disaster induced trauma in rescue workers. Victimology, 5, 287-297.
17. Dunning, C., & Silva, M. (1980). Disaster induced trauma in rescue workers. Victimology, 5, 287-297.
18. Dyregrov, A., & Mitchell, J. T. (1992). Working with traumatized children. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 5(1), 5-17.
19. The Family Violence & Sexual Assault Institute (Co-Host). (2002). 7th International Conference on Family Violence: Advocacy, Assessment, Intervention, Research, Prevention and Policy. Town & Country Hotel & Convention Center, San Diego, CA.
20. Figley, C. R. (Ed.). (1999a). Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
21. Figley, C. R. (1999b). Compassion fatigue: Toward an understanding of the costs of caring. In H. B. Stamm (Ed.), Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators. Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
22. Figley, C. R., & Kleber, R. J. (1995). Beyond 'victim:' Secondary traumatic stress. In R. J. Kleber, C. R. Figley, & B. P. R. Gerson, (Eds.), Beyond trauma: Cultural and societal dynamics. New York: Plenum Press.
23. Follette, V. M., Polusny, M. M., & Milbeck, K. (1994). Mental health and law enforcement professionals: Trauma history, psychological symptoms, and impact of providing services to child sexual abuse survivors. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25, 275-282.
24. Ghahramanlou, M., & Brodbeck, C. (2000). Predictors of secondary trauma in sexual assault trauma counselors. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 2, 229-240.
25. Gorman, T. (1995, May 11). In law's eyes, 14-yearold is an adult. Los Angeles Times (Los Angeles), Home ed., sec. A, p. 1.
26. Hinson, J., & Fossey, R. (2000, July). Child abuse: What teachers in the 90's know, think and do. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 5(3), 251-266. Retrieved January 23, 2003, from EBSCOhost.
27. Hough, R., Vega, W., Valle, R., Kolody, B., & Tarke, H. (1990). Mental health consequences of the San Ysidro McDonald's Massacre: A Community Study. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3(1), 71-92.
28. Joinson, A. (1992). Coping with compassion fatigue. Nursing, 22(4), 116, 118-120.
29. Joslyn, H. (2002). Defeating compassion fatigue. Chronicle of Philanthropy, 12(14), 37-40.
30. Kaplan, S. J. (1999). Child and adolescent abuse and neglect research: A review of the past 10 years. Part I: Physical and emotional abuse and neglect. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 1214-1222.
31. Kaufmann, G. M., & Beehr, T. A. (1989). Occupation stressors, individual strain, and social supports among police officers. Human Relations, 42(2), 185-197.
32. Kleber, R. J., Figley, C. R., & Gersons, B. P. R. (Eds.). (1995a). Beyond trauma: Cultural and societal dynamics. New York: Plenum Press.
33. Kleber, R. J., Figley, C. R., & Gersons, B. P. (1995b). Introduction. In R. J. Kleber, C. R. Figley, & B. P. Gersons (Eds.), Beyond trauma: Cultural and societal dynamics (pp. 1-10). New York: Plenum Press.
34. Kurtz, D. V. (1973). The politics of a poverty habitat. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
35. Lowenthal, B. (2001). Abuse and neglect: An educators guide. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
36. McCann, L., & Pearlman, L. A. (1990). Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1, 131-149.
37. Meyers, T. W., & Cornille, T. Z. (2002). The trauma of working with traumatized children. In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Treating compassion fatigue (pp. 57-83). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
38. O'Halloran, T. M., & Linton, J. M. (2000). Stress on the job: Self-care resources for counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 22, 354-364.
39. Ortlepp, K., & Friedman, M. (2002). Prevalence and correlates of secondary traumatic stress in workplace lay trauma counselors. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 213-222.
40. Pearlman, L. A., & Mac Ian, P. S. (1995). Vicarious traumatization: An empirical study of the effects of trauma work on trauma therapists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 26, 558-565.
41. Pearlman, L. A., & Saakvitne, K. W. (1995a). The therapeutic relationship as the context for countertransference and vicarious trauma. In L. A. Pearlman (Ed.), Trauma and the therapist: Countertransference and vicarious trauma in psychotherapy with incest survivors. New York: W.W. Norton.
42. Pearlman, L. A., & Saakvitne, K. W. (1995b). Vicarious traumatization: How trauma therapy affects the therapist. In L. A. Pearlman (Ed.), Trauma and the therapist: Countertransference and vicarious trauma in psychotherapy with incest survivors. New York: W.W. Norton.
43. Pines, A., & Arson, E. (1988). Career burnout: Causes and cures. New York: Free Press.
44. Remer, R., & Ferguson, R. A. (1995). Becoming a secondary survivor of sexual assault. Journal of Counseling & Development, 73, 407-413.
45. San Diego County Grand Jury. (1991). Final Report 1990-1991. In San Ysidro School District (Tech. Rep. No. 1, pp. 37-38). San Diego, CA: Author.
46. Sedlak, A. J., & Broadhurst, D. D. (1996). Executive summary of the third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families. Administration on Children, Youth and Families, National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect.
47. Stamm, B. H. (1999) (Ed.). Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, educators. Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
48. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
49. Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1994). Grounded theory methodology: An overview. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.). Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 273-285). London: Sage Publications.
50. Thomas, R. B., & Wilson, J. P. (2004). Issues and controversies in the understanding and diagnosis of compassion fatigue, vicarious traumatization, and secondary traumatic stress disorder. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 6(2), 81-92.
51. United States Census Bureau. (2000). Census 2000 summary file 3 (CSF-3). Profile of selected social characteristics. Retrieved January 8, 2006, from http://factfinder.census.gov
52. United States Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Children, Youth, and Families. (2005). Child maltreatment 2003: Reports from the states to the national child abuse and neglect data system. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Retrieved May 29, 2005, from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/publications/cm03/index.htm
53. VanBergeijk, E. O. (in press). Mandated reporting among school personnel: Differences between professionals who reported a suspected case and those who did not. Journal of Interpersonal Aggression and Maltreatment.
54. VanBergeijk, E. O., & Sarmiento, T. (2005). On the border of disorder: School personnel's experiences reporting child abuse on the U.S.-Mexico border. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 5(2),1-27.
55. Wambaugh, J. (1984). Lines and shadows. New York: Bantam Books.
56. Wee, D. F., & Myers, D. (2002). Stress responses of mental health workers following disaster: The Oklahoma City bombing. In C. R. Figley (Ed.), Treating compassion fatigue (pp. 57-83). New York: Brunner-Routledge.
57. Williams, M. B., & Sommer, J. F., Jr. (1995). Selfcare and the vulnerable therapist. In B. H. Stamm (Ed.), Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators (pp. 230-246). Baltimore, MD: Sidran Press.
58. Yates, J. (1982). Baker DeKanter review: Inappropriate conclusions on the efficacy of bilingual education. TX: Languages and Linguistics Clearinghouse. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED226611).