Timing of reproductive and vegetative development in Saxifraga oppositifolia in an alpine and a subnival climate

Plant Biology

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 155-166

  Larl, I ^a   Wagner, J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

Author keywords

Arctic alpine plant species; Floral development; Flower preformation; Flowering phenology; Leaf turnover; Morphogenesis; Photoperiod; Saxifraga oppositifolia; Sexual reproduction

Indexed keywords

MORPHOGENESIS;

ADAPTATION; ARTICLE; COLD CLIMATE; FLOWER; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; PLANT; REPRODUCTION; SAXIFRAGACEAE; TIME; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; COLD CLIMATE; FLOWERS; PLANT SHOOTS; REPRODUCTION; SAXIFRAGACEAE; TIME FACTORS;

SAXIFRAGA OPPOSITIFOLIA;

EID: 31644451943     PISSN: 14358603     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872888     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Aydelotte, A. R. and Diggle, P. K. (1997) Analysis of developmental preformation in the alpine herb Caltha leptosepala (Ranunculaceae). American Journal of Botany 84, 1646-1657.
2. Bell, K. L. and Bliss, L. C. (1980) Plant reproduction in a high arctic environment. Arctic and Alpine Research 12, 1-10.
3. Billings, W. D. (1974) Arctic and alpine vegetation: plant adaptations to cold summer climates. In Arctic and Alpine Environments (Ives, J. D. and Barry, R. G., eds.), London: Methuen, pp. 403-443.
4. Billings, W. D. (1987) Constraints to plant growth, reproduction, and establishment in arctic environments. Arctic and Alpine Research 19, 357-365.
5. Billings, W. D. and Mooney, H. A. (1968) The ecology of arctic and alpine plants. Biological Reviews 43, 481-529.
6. Bliss, L. C. (1971) Arctic and alpine plant life cycles. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 2, 405-438.
7. Bliss, L. C. and Gold, W. G. (1999) Vascular plant reproduction, establishment, and growth and the effects of cryptogamic crusts within a polar desert ecosystem, Devon Island, N.W.T., Canada. Canadian Journal of Botany 77, 623-636.
8. Brysting, A. K., Gabrielsen, T. M., Sørlibråten, O., Ytrehorn, O., and Brochmann, C. (1996) The purple saxifrage, Saxifraga oppositifolia, in Svalbard: two taxa or one? Polar Research 15, 93-105.
9. Cannell, M. G. R. and Smith, R. I. (1983) Thermal time, chill days and prediction of budburst in Picea sitchensis. Journal of Applied Ecology 20, 951-963.
10. Cleve, A. (1901) Zum Pflanzenleben in nordschwedischen Hochgebirgen. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakadernien Handlingar, Vol. 26/III. Stockholm: Norstedt, pp. 1-05.
11. Crawford, R. M. M. (2004) Long-term plant survival at high latitudes. Botanical Journal of Scotland 56, 1-23.
12. Crawford, R. M. M., Chapman, H. M., Abbott, R. J., and Balfour, J. (1993) Potential impact of climatic warming on Arctic vegetation. Flora 188, 367-381.
13. Crawford, R. M. M., Chapman, H. M., and Smith, L. C. (1995) Adaptation to variation in growing season length in arctic populations of Saxifraga oppositifolia L. Botanical Journal of Scotland 41, 177-192.
14. Crawford, R. M. M. and Smith, L. C. (1997) Responses of some high arctic shore plants to variable lengths of growing season. Opera Botanica 132, 201-214.
15. Diemer, M., Körner, C., and Prock, S. (1992) Leaf life spans in wild perennial herbaceous plants: a survey and attempts at a functional interpretation. Oecologia 89, 10-16.
16. Diggle, P. K. (1997) Extreme preformation in alpine Polygonum viviparum: an architectural and developmental analysis. American Journal of Botany 84, 154-169.
17. Forbis, T. A. and Diggle, P. K. (2001) Subnivean embryo development in the alpine herb Caltha leptosepala (Ranunculaceae). Canadian Journal of Botany 79, 635-642.
18. Gugerli, F. (1997 a) Sexual reproduction in Saxifraga oppositifolia L. and Saxifraga biflora All. (Saxifragaceae) in the Alps. International Journal of Plant Sciences 158, 274-281.
19. Gugerli, F. (1997b) Hybridization of Saxifraga oppositifolia and S. biflora (Saxifragaceae) in a mixed alpine population. Plant Systematics and Evolution 207, 255-272.
20. Gugerli, F. (1998) Effect of elevation on sexual reproduction in alpine populations of Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaceae). Oecologia 114, 60-66.
21. Heide, O. M., Pedersen, K., and Dahl, E. (1990) Environmental control of flowering and morphology in the high-arctic Cerastium regelii, and the taxonomic status of C. jenisejense. Nordic Journal of Botany 10, 141-147.
22. Heide, O. M. (1992) Flowering strategies of the high-arctic and high-alpine snow bed grass species Phippsia algida. Physiologia Plantarum 85, 606-610.
23. Herr, J. M. (1971) A new clearing-squash technique for the study of ovule development in Angiosperms. American Journal of Botany 58, 785-790.
24. Hörandl, E. and Gutermann, W. (1994) Populationsstudien an Sippen von Saxifraga sect. Porphyrion (Saxifragaceae) in den Alpen: I. Hybriden von S. biflora und S. oppositifolia. Phyton (Horn) 34, 143-167.
25. Kainmüller, C. (1975) Temperaturresistenz von Hochgebirgspflanzen. Anzeiger der mathemathisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1975, 67-75.
26. Kaplan, K. (1995) Saxifragaceae. In Gustav Hegi - Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, Vol. 4/2A (Weber, H. E., ed.), Berlin: Blackwell, pp. 130-229.
27. Keller, F. and Körner, C. (2003) The role of photoperiodism in alpine plant development. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 35, 361-368.
28. Kevan, P. G. (1972) Insect pollination of high arctic flowers. Journal of Ecology 60, 831-847.
29. Kimball, S. L. and Salisbury, F. B. (1974) Plant development under snow. Botanical Gazette 135, 147-149.
30. Körner, C. (2003) Alpine Plant Life, 2nd ed. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer, pp. 1-349.
31. Kudo, G. (1991) Effects of snow-free period on the phenology of alpine plants inhabiting snow patches. Arctic and Alpine Research 23, 436-443.
32. Kume, A., Nakatsubo, T., Bekku, Y., and Masuzawa, T. (1999) Ecological significance of different growth forms of purple saxifrage, Saxifraga oppositifolia L., in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 31, 27-33.
33. Lachaud, S. (1989) Participation of auxin and abscisic acid in the regulation of seasonal variations in cambial activity and xylogenesis. Trees 3, 125-137.
34. Ladinig, U. and Wagner, J. (2005) Sexual reproduction of the high mountain plant Saxifraga moschata Wulfen at varying lengths of the growing season. Flora 200, in press.
35. Lamp, B. M., Connell, J. H., Duncan, R. A., Viveros, M., and Polito, V. S. (2001) Almond flower development: floral initiation and organogenesis. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 126, 689-696.
36. Larcher, W. (1980) Klimastreß im Gebirge - Adaptationstraining und Selektionsfilter für Pflanzen. Rheinisch-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften 291, 49-88.
37. Mark, A. F. (1970) Floral initiation and development in New Zealand alpine plants. New Zealand Journal of Botany 8, 67-75.
38. Molau, U. (1993) Relationships between flowering phenology and life history strategies in tundra plants. Arctic and Alpine Research 25, 391-402.
39. Nakhutsrishvili, G. (1999) The vegetation of Georgia (Caucasus). Braun Blanquetia 15, 5-74.
40. Prock, S. and Körner, C. (1996) A cross-continental comparison of phenology, leaf dynamics and dry matter allocation in arctic and temperate zone herbaceous plants from contrasting altitudes. Ecological Bulletins 45, 93-103.
41. Raghavan, V. (2000) Developmental Biology of Flowering Plants. New York, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 1-354.
42. Sakai, A. and Larcher, W. (1987) Frost Survival of Plants. Responses and Adaptation to Freezing Stress. Ecological Studies 62. Berlin: Springer, pp1-321.
43. Sørensen, T. (1941) Temperature relations and phenology of the northeast Greenland flowering plants. Meddelelser om Groønland 125, 1-307.
44. Stenström, M. and Molau, U. (1992) Reproductive ecology of Saxifraga oppositifolia: phenology, mating system, and reproductive success. Arctic and Alpine Research 24, 337-343.
45. Stenström, M., Gugerli, F., and Henry, G. H. R. (1997) Response of Saxifraga oppositifolia L. to simulated climate change at three contrasting latitudes. Global Change Biology 3, 44-54.
46. Svoboda, J. (1977) Ecology and primary production of raised beach communities, Truelove Lowland. In Truelove Lowland, Devon Island, Canada: A High Arctic Ecosystem (Bliss, L. C., ed.), Edmonton: University Alberta Press, pp.185-216.
47. Teeri, J. A. (1973) Polar desert adaptations of a high Arctic plant species. Science 179, 496-497.
48. Tikhmenev, E. A. (1980) Seasonal rhythm of flowering of several species of arctic saxifrages [In Russian]. Pollination Ecology 5, 22-32.
49. Tikhmenev, E. A. (1984) Pollination and self-pollinating potential of entomophilic plants in arctic and mountain tundras of the north-eastern USSR. Soviet Journal of Ecology 15, 166-171.
50. Wagner, J. and Tengg G. (1993) Phänoembryologie der Hochgebirgspflanzen Saxifraga oppositifolia und Cerastium uniflorum. Flora 188, 203-212.
51. Wagner, J. and Reichegger, B. (1997) Phenology and seed development of the alpine sedges Carex curvula and Carex firma in response to contrasting topoclimates. Arctic and Alpine Research 29, 291-299.
52. Zachhuber, K. (1975) Vegetationsablauf, Speicherverhalten und Kaloriengehalt von Primula- und Saxifraga-Arten aus verschiedenen Höhenstufen. Doctoral thesis, University of Innsbruck.