Natural menopause and risk of stroke in elderly women

Journal of Korean Medical Science

Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 1053-1058

  Choi, Seong Hye ^a   Lee, Seung Mi ^b   Kim, Yooni ^b   Choi, Nam Kyong ^b   Yong, Jin Cho ^c   Park, Byung Joo ^b  

^a Inha University School of Medicine   (South Korea)

^b Seoul National University   (South Korea)

^c Inje University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Aged; Cerebrovascular Accident; Cohort Studies; Menopause; Stroke; Women

Indexed keywords

EID: 31544476848     PISSN: 10118934     EISSN: 15986357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2005.20.6.1053     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Dyken ML, Wolf PA, Barnett HJM, Bergan JJ, Hass WK, Kannel WB, Kuller L, Kurtzke JF, Sundt TM. Risk factors in stroke. A statement for physicians by the Subcommittee on risk factors and stroke of the Stroke Council. Stroke 1984; 15: 1105-11.
2. Kannel WB, Hjortland MC, McNamara PM, Gordon T. Menopause and risk of cardiovascular disease. The Framingham study. Ann Intern Med 1976; 85: 447-52.
3. Gordon T, Kannel WB, Hjortland MC, McNamara PM. Menopause and coronary heart disease. The Framingham Study. Ann Intern Med 1978; 89: 157-61.
4. Parrish HM, Carr CA, Hall DG, King TM. Time interval from castration in premenopausal women to development of excessive coronary atherosclerosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1967; 99: 155-62.
5. Robinson RW, Higano N, Cohen WD. Increased incidence of coronary heart disease in women castrated prior to the menopause. Arch Int Med 1959; 104: 908-13.
6. Hu FB, Grodstein F, Hennekens CH, Colditz GA, Johnson M, Manson JE, Rosner B, Stampfer MJ. Age at natural menopause and risk of cardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 1061-6.
7. Snowdon DA, Kane RL, Beeson WL, Burke GL, Sprafka JM, Potter J, Iso H, Jacobs DR Jr, Phillips RL. Is early natural menopause a biologic marker of health and aging? Am J Public Health 1989; 79: 709-14.
8. Cooper GS, Sandler DP. Age at natural menopause and mortality. Ann Epidemiol 1988; 8: 229-35.
9. van der Schouw YT, van der Graaf Y, Steyerberg EW, Eijkemans MJC, Banga JD. Age at menopause as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. Lancet 1996; 347: 714-8.
10. Joakimsen O, Bønaa KH, Stensland-Bugge E, Jacobsen BK. Population-based study of age at menopause and ultrasound assessed carotid atherosclerosis. The Tromsø study. J Clin Epidemiol 2000; 53: 525-30.
11. Vermeulen A, Verdonck L. Sex hormone concentrations in post-menopausal women. Relation to obesity, fat mass, age and years postmenopause. Clin Endocrinol 1978; 9: 59-66.
12. Kagan A, Popper JS, Rhoads GG. Factors related to stroke incidence in Hawaii Japanese men. The Honolulu Heart Study. Stroke 1980; 11: 14-21.
13. Worth RM, Kato H, Rhoads GG, Kagan A, Syme SL. Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese men living in Japan, Hawaii and California: mortality. Am J Epidemiol 1975; 102: 481-90.
14. Park BJ, Cho YK, Kim SA. Construction of the Korea Elderly Pharmacoepidemiologic Cohort: drug utilization review of cephalosporins in geriatric inpatients. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2001; 10: 487-92.
15. Park BJ, Kim DS, Koo HW, Bae JM. Reliability and validity study of a life style questionnaire for elderly people. Korean J Prev Med 1998; 31: 49-58.
16. The World Health Organization. MONICA Project (monitoring of trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease): a major international collaboration. WHO Monica Project principal investigators. J Clin Epidemiol 1988; 41: 105-14.
17. Jacobsen BK, Heuch I, Kvåle G. Age at natural menopause and allcause mortality: a 37-year follow-up of 19,731 Norwegian women. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 157: 923-9.
18. Ackerman RF, Dry TJ, Edwards JE. Relationship of various factors to the degree of coronary atherosclerosis in women. Circulation 1950; 1: 1345-54.
19. Dobs AS, Nieto FJ, Szklo M, Barnes R, Sharrett AR, Ko WJ. Risk factors for popliteal and carotid wall thicknesses in the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 1055-67.
20. Jacobsen BK, Heuch I, Kvale G. Age at natural menopause and stroke mortality: cohort study with 3561 stroke deaths during 37-year followup. Stroke 2004; 35: 1548-51.
21. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, Furberg C, Herrington D, Riggs B, Vittinghoff E. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1998; 280: 605-13.
22. Grady D, Herrington D, Bittner V, Blumenthal R, Davidson M, Hlatky M, Hsia J, Hulley S, Herd A, Khan S, Newby LK, Waters D, Vittinghoff E, Wenger N. Cardiovascular disease outcomes during 6.8 years of hormone therapy. Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study follow-up (HERS II). JAMA 2002; 288: 49-57.
23. Bath PM, Gray LJ. Association between hormone replacement therapy and subsequent stroke: a meta-analysis. BMJ 2005; 330: 342.
24. Im JA, Kim SH, Lee DC. Effects of Long term hormone therapy on platelet activation in postmenopausal women. J Korean Acad Fam Med 2004; 25: 754-9.
25. Park JK, Kim HJ, Chang SJ, Koh SB, Koh SY. Risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke in Wonju, Korea. Yonsei Med J 1998; 39: 229-35.