The epidemiology of trachoma in Eastern Equatoria and Upper Nile States, southern Sudan

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

Volumn 83, Issue 12, 2005, Pages 904-912

  Ngondi, Jeremiah ^a,b   Onsarigo, Alice ^b   Adamu, Liknaw ^b   Matende, Ibrahim ^b   Baba, Samson ^c   Reacher, Mark ^a   Emerson, Paul ^b   Zingeser, James ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b CARTER CENTER   (United States)

^c Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement Health Secretariat Rumbek   (Sudan)

Author keywords

Eyelid diseases epidemiology; Sudan; Trachoma epidemiology

Indexed keywords

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; HEALTH AND DISEASE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; CHILD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; DISEASE SEVERITY; ENDEMIC DISEASE; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PREVALENCE; PUBLIC HEALTH; REVIEW; SUDAN; TRACHOMA; TRICHIASIS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; BLINDNESS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; EGYPT; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EYELID DISEASES; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; PUBLIC HEALTH; SUDAN; TRACHOMA;

AFRICA; EAST AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; SUDAN;

EID: 31544439874     PISSN: 00429686     EISSN: 15640604     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (23)

1. Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Etya'ale D, Kocur I, Pararajasegaram R, Pokharel GP et al. Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bull World Health Organ 2004;82:844-51.
2. Mariotti SP. New steps toward eliminating blinding trachoma. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2004-7.
3. Muñoz B, West S. Trachoma: the forgotten cause of blindness. Epidemiol Rev 1997;19:205-17.
4. Mabey D, Bailey R. Eradication of trachoma worldwide. Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:1261-3.
5. New Sudan Center for Statistics and Evaluation/UNICEF. Towards a baseline: best estimates of social indicators for southern Sudan. May 2004. Available from: URL:http://www.unsudanig.org/publications/assessments/data/ Towards-Baseline.pdf
6. Majcuk JF. A study of trachoma and associated infections in the Sudan. Bull World Health Organ 1966;35:262-72.
7. Salim AR, Sheikh HA. Trachoma in the Sudan. An epidemiological study. Br J Ophthalmol 1975;59:600-4.
8. Mahmoud EA, Sheikh AH, Domeika MA, Mardh PA. Prevalence of trachoma among displaced persons in the Sudan: a clinical and sero-epidemiological study. Eye 1994;8:130-3.
9. Tizazu T, Mburu FM. Prevalence and causes of vision loss in southern Sudan. Soc Sci Med 1983;17:1785-8.
10. Amann J. Trachoma in Upper Nile Region, southern Sudan. MPH thesis: Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; 2002, p.35-9.
11. World Health Organization. Planning meeting for the Global Elimination of Trachoma: Geneva, November 25-26, 1996. Geneva: WHO; 1997. WHO document WHO/PBL/97.60.
12. International Trachoma Initiative. Trachoma in Sudan. Available from: URL: http://www.trachoma.org/sudan.asp
13. World Health Organization. Future approaches to trachoma control. Geneva: WHO; 1997. WHO document WHO/PBL/96.56.
14. World Health Organization. Primary health care level management of trachoma. Geneva: WHO; 1993. WHO document WHO/PBL/93.33.
15. International Centre for Eye Health. Epidemiology in practice: sample size calculation for eye surveys: a simple method. Community Eye Health 1997;10:42-4.
16. Hoshaw-Woodard S. Description and comparison of the methods of cluster sampling and lot quality assurance sampling to assess immunization coverage. Geneva: WHO; 2001. WHO document WHO/V&B/01.26.
17. Thylefors B, Dawson CR, Jones BR, West SK, Taylor HR. A simple system for the assessment of trachoma and its complications. Bull World Health Organ 1987;65:477-83.
18. Stata Corporation. Stata 8 user guide: Obtaining robust variance estimates. College Station, Texas: Stata Corporation; 2003, p.270-5.
19. STARBASE. WHO-NIDs - Population in Southern Sudan 1998-2003. Available from: URL: http://www.unsudanig.org/STARBASE/statistics/Statistical-reports/ South/Population/Population_1998-2003_report.pdf
20. World Health Organization Prevention of Blindness and Deafness. Report of the eighth meeting of the WHO alliance for the global elimination of blinding trachoma. Geneva: WHO; 2004. WHO document WHO/PBD/GET/04.2
21. Zerihun N. Trachoma in Jimma zone, south western Ethiopia. Trap Med Int Health 1997;2:1115-21.
22. Sahlu T, Larson C. The prevalence and environmental risk factors for moderate and severe trachoma in southern Ethiopia. J Trop Med Hyg 1992;95:36-41.
23. West SK, Muñoz B, Turner VM, Mmbaga BB, Taylor HR. The epidemiology of trachoma in central Tanzania. Int J Epidemiol 1991;20:1088-92.