메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 118-128

Monitoring magnesium to guide magnesium therapy for heart surgery

Author keywords

Heart; Ionized; Magnesium; Surgery

Indexed keywords

ACID CITRATE DEXTROSE; AMINOGLYCOSIDE; ANALGESIC AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CISATRACURIUM; DIGOXIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; HEPARIN; HYPERTENSIVE FACTOR; INHALATION ANESTHETIC AGENT; LIDOCAINE; LIGAND; MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE; MAGNESIUM ION; MAGNESIUM OXIDE; MAGNESIUM SALT; MAGNESIUM SULFATE; NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENT; NITRATE; QUINOLONE DERIVATIVE; ST THOMAS HOSPITAL SOLUTION; TETRACYCLINE; VANCOMYCIN; MAGNESIUM;

EID: 3142769394     PISSN: 09138668     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00540-003-0222-4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (75)
  • 2
    • 0036284259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnesium in critical illness: Metabolism, assessment, and treatment
    • Noronha JL, Matuschak GM (2002) Magnesium in critical illness: metabolism, assessment, and treatment. Intensive Care Med 28: 667-679
    • (2002) Intensive Care Med. , vol.28 , pp. 667-679
    • Noronha, J.L.1    Matuschak, G.M.2
  • 3
    • 3242887400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionized magnesium (iMg): Clinical importance and measurement [1]
    • Shirey TL (2000) Ionized magnesium (iMg): clinical importance and measurement [1]. Life Support and Anesthesia 7:265-270
    • (2000) Life Support and Anesthesia , vol.7 , pp. 265-270
    • Shirey, T.L.1
  • 4
    • 0026641235 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium administration and dysrhythmias after cardiac surgery
    • England MR, Gordon G, Salem M, Chernow B (1992) Magnesium administration and dysrhythmias after cardiac surgery. JAMA 268:2395-2402
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.268 , pp. 2395-2402
    • England, M.R.1    Gordon, G.2    Salem, M.3    Chernow, B.4
  • 5
    • 3242876753 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium homeostasis in the operating room and intensive care unit
    • Eisenkraft JB (ed) chapter 3. WB Saunders, Philadelphia
    • Brusco L (1994) Magnesium homeostasis in the operating room and intensive care unit. In: Eisenkraft JB (ed) Progress in anesthesiology VIII, chapter 3. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 47-56
    • (1994) Progress in Anesthesiology , vol.8 , pp. 47-56
    • Brusco, L.1
  • 6
    • 0030874354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of signal averaged P wave duration and serum magnesium as a combined predictor of atrial fibrillation after elective coronary bypass surgery
    • Zaman AG, Alamgir F, Richens T, Williams R, Rothman MT, Mills PG (1997) The role of signal averaged P wave duration and serum magnesium as a combined predictor of atrial fibrillation after elective coronary bypass surgery. Heart 77:527-531
    • (1997) Heart , vol.77 , pp. 527-531
    • Zaman, A.G.1    Alamgir, F.2    Richens, T.3    Williams, R.4    Rothman, M.T.5    Mills, P.G.6
  • 7
    • 0034783821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnesium infusion dramatically decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting
    • Toraman F, Karabulut EH, Alban HC, Dagdelen S, Tarcan S (2001) Magnesium infusion dramatically decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 72:1256-1262
    • (2001) Ann. Thorac. Surg. , vol.72 , pp. 1256-1262
    • Toraman, F.1    Karabulut, E.H.2    Alban, H.C.3    Dagdelen, S.4    Tarcan, S.5
  • 9
    • 0034038490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole blood ionized magnesium: Age-related differences in normal values and clinical implications of ionized hypomagnesemia in patients undergoing surgery for congenital cardiac disease
    • Munoz R, Laussen PC, Palacio G, Zienko L, Piercy G, Wessel D (2000) Whole blood ionized magnesium: age-related differences in normal values and clinical implications of ionized hypomagnesemia in patients undergoing surgery for congenital cardiac disease. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 119:891-898
    • (2000) J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. , vol.119 , pp. 891-898
    • Munoz, R.1    Laussen, P.C.2    Palacio, G.3    Zienko, L.4    Piercy, G.5    Wessel, D.6
  • 10
    • 0024847781 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular magnesium during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion: Possible consequences for postischemic recovery
    • Kirkels JH, van Echteld CJA, Ruigrok TJC (1989) Intracellular magnesium during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion: possible consequences for postischemic recovery. J Mol Cell Cardiol 21: 1209-1218
    • (1989) J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. , vol.21 , pp. 1209-1218
    • Kirkels, J.H.1    van Echteld, C.J.A.2    Ruigrok, T.J.C.3
  • 11
    • 0026569453 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiology, pacing, and arrhythmia: Is hypomagnesemia arrhythmogenic?
    • Millane TA, Ward DE, Camm AJ (1992) Electrophysiology, pacing, and arrhythmia: is hypomagnesemia arrhythmogenic? Clin Cardiol 15:103-108
    • (1992) Clin. Cardiol. , vol.15 , pp. 103-108
    • Millane, T.A.1    Ward, D.E.2    Camm, A.J.3
  • 14
    • 0026052684 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium therapy in cardiac surgery: Pro: Magnesium is a valuable therapy in the cardiac surgical patient
    • Birch RFH, Lake CL (1991) Magnesium therapy in cardiac surgery: Pro: magnesium is a valuable therapy in the cardiac surgical patient. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 5:518-521
    • (1991) J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. , vol.5 , pp. 518-521
    • Birch, R.F.H.1    Lake, C.L.2
  • 17
  • 18
    • 0037383767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of peri-operative use of magnesium sulphate in adult cardiac surgery in the UK
    • Roscoe A, Ahmed AB (2003) A survey of peri-operative use of magnesium sulphate in adult cardiac surgery in the UK. Anaesthesia 58:363-365
    • (2003) Anaesthesia , vol.58 , pp. 363-365
    • Roscoe, A.1    Ahmed, A.B.2
  • 19
    • 0031872648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnesium and cardiovascular disease
    • Gomez MN (1998) Magnesium and cardiovascular disease. Anesthesiology 89:222-240
    • (1998) Anesthesiology , vol.589 , pp. 222-240
    • Gomez, M.N.1
  • 20
    • 0034843598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of conversion of atrial fibrillation after cardiac operation in the absence of Class I or III antiarrhythmic medications
    • Soucier RJ, Mirza S, Abordo MG, Berns E, Dalamagas HC, Hanna A, Silverman DI (2001) Predictors of conversion of atrial fibrillation after cardiac operation in the absence of Class I or III antiarrhythmic medications. Ann Thorac Surg 72:694-698
    • (2001) Ann. Thorac. Surg. , vol.72 , pp. 694-698
    • Soucier, R.J.1    Mirza, S.2    Abordo, M.G.3    Berns, E.4    Dalamagas, H.C.5    Hanna, A.6    Silverman, D.I.7
  • 22
    • 0025810614 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative identification of cardiac patients at risk to develop postoperative atrial fibrillation
    • Lowe JE, Hendry PJ, Hendrickson SC, Wells R (1991) Intraoperative identification of cardiac patients at risk to develop postoperative atrial fibrillation. Ann Surg 213:388-392
    • (1991) Ann. Surg. , vol.213 , pp. 388-392
    • Lowe, J.E.1    Hendry, P.J.2    Hendrickson, S.C.3    Wells, R.4
  • 23
    • 0028897781 scopus 로고
    • Effects of magnesium on myocardial function after coronary artery bypass grafting
    • Caspi J, Rudis E, Bar I, Safadi T, Saute M (1995) Effects of magnesium on myocardial function after coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg 59:942-947
    • (1995) Ann. Thorac. Surg. , vol.59 , pp. 942-947
    • Caspi, J.1    Rudis, E.2    Bar, I.3    Safadi, T.4    Saute, M.5
  • 25
    • 0026361573 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of ionized magnesium in whole blood, plasma and serum with a new ion-selective electrode in healthy and diseased human subjects
    • Altura BT, Altura BM (1991) Measurement of ionized magnesium in whole blood, plasma and serum with a new ion-selective electrode in healthy and diseased human subjects. Magnes Trace Elem 10:90-98
    • (1991) Magnes. Trace Elem. , vol.10 , pp. 90-98
    • Altura, B.T.1    Altura, B.M.2
  • 26
  • 27
    • 0030756505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnesium deficiency and cardiogenic shock after cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Storm W, Zimmerman JJ (1997) Magnesium deficiency and cardiogenic shock after cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 64:572-577
    • (1997) Ann. Thorac. Surg. , vol.64 , pp. 572-577
    • Storm, W.1    Zimmerman, J.J.2
  • 28
    • 0024429504 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium deficiency in coronary artery disease and cardiac arrhythmias
    • Sjogren A, Edvinsson L, Fallgren B (1989) Magnesium deficiency in coronary artery disease and cardiac arrhythmias. J Intern Med 226:213-222
    • (1989) J. Intern. Med. , vol.226 , pp. 213-222
    • Sjogren, A.1    Edvinsson, L.2    Fallgren, B.3
  • 30
    • 0029422234 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium and cardiovascular biology: An important link between cardiovascular risk factors and atherogenesis
    • Altura BM, Altura BT (1995) Magnesium and cardiovascular biology: an important link between cardiovascular risk factors and atherogenesis. Cell Mol Biol Res 41:347-359
    • (1995) Cell Mol. Biol. Res. , vol.41 , pp. 347-359
    • Altura, B.M.1    Altura, B.T.2
  • 33
    • 34547649956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significance of supraphysiologic administration of magnesium after myocardial infarct
    • Benzer W (1997) Significance of supraphysiologic administration of magnesium after myocardial infarct. Wien Klin Wochenschr Suppl 2:38-41
    • (1997) Wien Klin. Wochenschr. Suppl. , vol.2 , pp. 38-41
    • Benzer, W.1
  • 36
    • 0034203105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Con: Magnesium should not be administered to all coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Grigore AM, Mathew JP (2000) Con: magnesium should not be administered to all coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 14:344-346
    • (2000) J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. , vol.14 , pp. 344-346
    • Grigore, A.M.1    Mathew, J.P.2
  • 38
    • 0025857436 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium: Metabolism, clinical importance, and analysis
    • Polancic JE (1991) Magnesium: metabolism, clinical importance, and analysis. Clin Lab Sci 4:105-108
    • (1991) Clin. Lab. Sci. , vol.4 , pp. 105-108
    • Polancic, J.E.1
  • 40
    • 0030561601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference interval for whole blood ionized magnesium in a healthy population and the stability of ionized magnesium under varied laboratory conditions
    • Greenway DC, Hindmarsh JT, Wang J, Khodadeen JA, Hebert PC (1996) Reference interval for whole blood ionized magnesium in a healthy population and the stability of ionized magnesium under varied laboratory conditions. Clin Biochem 29:515-520
    • (1996) Clin. Biochem. , vol.29 , pp. 515-520
    • Greenway, D.C.1    Hindmarsh, J.T.2    Wang, J.3    Khodadeen, J.A.4    Hebert, P.C.5
  • 41
    • 0343913819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluids and electrolytes made incredibly easy
    • Springhouse Springhouse Corp., Springhouse, PA
    • Springhouse (1997) Fluids and electrolytes made incredibly easy. Springhouse Corp., Springhouse, PA, p 123
    • (1997) , pp. 123
  • 43
    • 0035537820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of improved NOVA magnesium ion-selective electrode: Changes of ionized magnesium values and reference interval in healthy children
    • Hoshino K, Ogawa K, Hishitani T, Kitazawa R (2001) Characteristics of improved NOVA magnesium ion-selective electrode: changes of ionized magnesium values and reference interval in healthy children. Magnes Res 14:203-210
    • (2001) Magnes. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 203-210
    • Hoshino, K.1    Ogawa, K.2    Hishitani, T.3    Kitazawa, R.4
  • 44
    • 3242887211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of magnesium rich cardioplegic solution upon blood ionized magnesium level during open heart surgery
    • Ohashi Y, Uchida O, Kuro M (1996) The effect of magnesium rich cardioplegic solution upon blood ionized magnesium level during open heart surgery. Anesthesiology 85(3A):A138
    • (1996) Anesthesiology , vol.85 , Issue.3 A
    • Ohashi, Y.1    Uchida, O.2    Kuro, M.3
  • 45
    • 0041666626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic subjects
    • Rodrigues-Moran M, Guerrero-Romero F (2003) Oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 26:1147-1152
    • (2003) Diabetes Care , vol.26 , pp. 1147-1152
    • Rodrigues-Moran, M.1    Guerrero-Romero, F.2
  • 48
    • 0037390208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of ionized hypomagnesemia is associated with higher mortality rates
    • Soliman HM, Mercan D, Lobo SSM, Melot C, Vincent J-L (2003) Development of ionized hypomagnesemia is associated with higher mortality rates. Crit Care Med 31:1082-1087
    • (2003) Crit. Care Med. , vol.31 , pp. 1082-1087
    • Soliman, H.M.1    Mercan, D.2    Lobo, S.S.M.3    Melot, C.4    Vincent, J.-L.5
  • 49
    • 0025971876 scopus 로고
    • Hypomagnesemia in critical illness: A common and clinically important problem
    • Salem M, Munoz R, Chernow B (1991) Hypomagnesemia in critical illness: a common and clinically important problem. Crit Care Clin 7:225-252
    • (1991) Crit. Care Clin. , vol.7 , pp. 225-252
    • Salem, M.1    Munoz, R.2    Chernow, B.3
  • 50
    • 0027759245 scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term oral magnesium chloride replacement in congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease
    • Bashir Y, Sneddon JF, Staunton HA, Haywood GA, Simpson IA, McKenna WJ, Camm AJ (1993) Effects of long-term oral magnesium chloride replacement in congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 72:1156-1162
    • (1993) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.72 , pp. 1156-1162
    • Bashir, Y.1    Sneddon, J.F.2    Staunton, H.A.3    Haywood, G.A.4    Simpson, I.A.5    McKenna, W.J.6    Camm, A.J.7
  • 52
    • 3242882792 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium retention tests: Marked differences in intravenous and oral magnesium administration
    • Meludu SC, Castillo MJ, Scheen AJ, Lefebvre PJ (1995) Magnesium retention tests: marked differences in intravenous and oral magnesium administration. Magnes Res 8[Suppl 1]:52
    • (1995) Magnes. Res. , vol.8 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 52
    • Meludu, S.C.1    Castillo, M.J.2    Scheen, A.J.3    Lefebvre, P.J.4
  • 53
    • 0034097974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pro: Magnesium should be administered to all coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Boyd WC, Thomas SJ (2000) Pro: magnesium should be administered to all coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 14:339-343
    • (2000) J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. , vol.14 , pp. 339-343
    • Boyd, W.C.1    Thomas, S.J.2
  • 54
    • 0036625901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial protection related to magnesium content of cold blood hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions in CABG
    • Ji B, Feng Z, Liu J, Long C (2002) Myocardial protection related to magnesium content of cold blood hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions in CABG. J Extra Corpor Technol 34:107-110
    • (2002) J. Extra Corpor. Technol. , vol.34 , pp. 107-110
    • Ji, B.1    Feng, Z.2    Liu, J.3    Long, C.4
  • 56
    • 3242882977 scopus 로고
    • Mg in cardiac arrhythmias - Digoxin-induced non-paroxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia and multifocal atrial tachycardia responsive to parenteral magnesium sulphate
    • Cohen L, Kitzes R, Shnaider H (1995) Mg in cardiac arrhythmias - digoxin-induced non-paroxysmal atrioventricular junctional tachycardia and multifocal atrial tachycardia responsive to parenteral magnesium sulphate. Magnes Res 8[Suppl 1]:18
    • (1995) Magnes. Res. , vol.8 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 18
    • Cohen, L.1    Kitzes, R.2    Shnaider, H.3
  • 57
    • 0032445944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should we measure ionized magnesium?
    • Foley C, Zaritsky A (1998) Should we measure ionized magnesium? Crit Care Med 26:1949-1950
    • (1998) Crit. Care Med. , vol.26 , pp. 1949-1950
    • Foley, C.1    Zaritsky, A.2
  • 59
    • 0030668779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum and urinary magnesium during and after cardiac surgery
    • Togashi H, Kasuda H, Inoue S, Hotta Y, Fukuda H (1997) Serum and urinary magnesium during and after cardiac surgery. Masui 46:1336-1341
    • (1997) Masui , vol.46 , pp. 1336-1341
    • Togashi, H.1    Kasuda, H.2    Inoue, S.3    Hotta, Y.4    Fukuda, H.5
  • 61
    • 3242887594 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium touted for preventing arrhythmia complications following open heart surgery
    • Skerrett PJ (1992) Magnesium touted for preventing arrhythmia complications following open heart surgery. Anesthesiology News 5:22
    • (1992) Anesthesiology News , vol.5 , pp. 22
    • Skerrett, P.J.1
  • 62
    • 0037319522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of heart surgery on magnesium concentrations in pediatric patients
    • Hoshino K, Ogawa K, Hishitani T, Kitazawa R (2003) Influence of heart surgery on magnesium concentrations in pediatric patients. Pediatr Int 45:39-44
    • (2003) Pediatr. Int. , vol.45 , pp. 39-44
    • Hoshino, K.1    Ogawa, K.2    Hishitani, T.3    Kitazawa, R.4
  • 63
    • 0027792754 scopus 로고
    • Studies of magnesium in heart transplantation: Further insights into magnesium and cardiac physiology
    • Millane T (1993) Studies of magnesium in heart transplantation: further insights into magnesium and cardiac physiology. Magnes Res 6:361-368
    • (1993) Magnes. Res. , vol.6 , pp. 361-368
    • Millane, T.1
  • 64
    • 0035074665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A beta-blocker, not magnesium, is effective prophylaxis for atrial tachyarrhythmias after coronary artery bypass graft surgery
    • Bert AA, Reinert SE, Singh AK (2001) A beta-blocker, not magnesium, is effective prophylaxis for atrial tachyarrhythmias after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 15:204-209
    • (2001) J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. , vol.15 , pp. 204-209
    • Bert, A.A.1    Reinert, S.E.2    Singh, A.K.3
  • 66
    • 0023268730 scopus 로고
    • Predictors, prevention, and long-term prognosis of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft operations
    • Rubin DA, Nieminski KE, Reed GE, Herman MV (1987) Predictors, prevention, and long-term prognosis of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft operations. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 94:331-335
    • (1987) J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. , vol.94 , pp. 331-335
    • Rubin, D.A.1    Nieminski, K.E.2    Reed, G.E.3    Herman, M.V.4
  • 67
    • 3242884234 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium sulphate diminishes abnormalities of repolarization and ventricular arrhythmias after electrical cardioversion
    • Szyszka A, Baszynska-Wachowiak H, Paluszkiewicz L, Tomczyk J (1995) Magnesium sulphate diminishes abnormalities of repolarization and ventricular arrhythmias after electrical cardioversion. Magnes Res 8[Suppl 1]:70
    • (1995) Magnes. Res. , vol.8 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 70
    • Szyszka, A.1    Baszynska-Wachowiak, H.2    Paluszkiewicz, L.3    Tomczyk, J.4
  • 69
    • 0037328952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous magnesium sulfate prophylaxis for atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery
    • Kaplan M, Kut MS, Icer UA, Demirtas MM (2003) Intravenous magnesium sulfate prophylaxis for atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 125:344-352
    • (2003) J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. , vol.125 , pp. 344-352
    • Kaplan, M.1    Kut, M.S.2    Icer, U.A.3    Demirtas, M.M.4
  • 70
    • 0024576766 scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of the serum magnesium level
    • Zaloga GP (1989) Interpretation of the serum magnesium level. Chest 95:257-258
    • (1989) Chest , vol.95 , pp. 257-258
    • Zaloga, G.P.1
  • 72
    • 0009467822 scopus 로고
    • Ionized magnesium values in critically ill patients - A novel ion selective electrode for determining free extracellular magnesium concentrations
    • Salem M, Stacey J, Chernow B (1993) Ionized magnesium values in critically ill patients - a novel ion selective electrode for determining free extracellular magnesium concentrations. Crit Care Med 21 [Suppl]:S256
    • (1993) Crit. Care Med. , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Salem, M.1    Stacey, J.2    Chernow, B.3
  • 73
    • 0027193684 scopus 로고
    • Ionised magnesium and calcium in plasma from healthy volunteers and patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Brookes CI, Fry CH (1993) Ionised magnesium and calcium in plasma from healthy volunteers and patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. By Heart J 69:404-408
    • (1993) By Heart J. , vol.69 , pp. 404-408
    • Brookes, C.I.1    Fry, C.H.2
  • 75
    • 3242884787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionized hypomagnesemia in patients undergoing congenital cardiac surgery: Frequency and clinical implications
    • Abstract 530A
    • Munoz R, Laussen PC, Zienko L, Palacio G, Piercy G, Wessel D (1999) Ionized hypomagnesemia in patients undergoing congenital cardiac surgery: frequency and clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol 33:Abstract 530A
    • (1999) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.33
    • Munoz, R.1    Laussen, P.C.2    Zienko, L.3    Palacio, G.4    Piercy, G.5    Wessel, D.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.