Synthesis of membranacin

Synlett

Volumn , Issue 8, 2004, Pages 1437-1439

  Head, Geoffrey D ^a   Whittingham, William G ^b   Brown, Richard C D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

^b JEALOTT S HILL INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Asymmetric synthesis; Manganese; Natural products; Oxidations; Total synthesis

Indexed keywords

ACETOGENIN; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; MEMBRANACIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; DIASTEREOISOMER; DRUG SYNTHESIS; REDUCTION; STEREOCHEMISTRY;

EID: 3142735063     PISSN: 09365214     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825624     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. For recent reviews: (a) Zafra-Polo, M. C.; Figadère, B.; Gallardo, T.; Tormo, J. R.; Cortes, D. Phytochemistry 1998, 48, 1087. (b) Alali, F. Q.; Liu, X. X.; McLaughlin, J. L. J. Nat. Prod. 1999, 62, 504.
2. For recent reviews: (a) Zafra-Polo, M. C.; Figadère, B.; Gallardo, T.; Tormo, J. R.; Cortes, D. Phytochemistry 1998, 48, 1087. (b) Alali, F. Q.; Liu, X. X.; McLaughlin, J. L. J. Nat. Prod. 1999, 62, 504.
3. For reviews of acetogenin synthesis see ref. 1 and: (a) Hoppe, R.; Scharf, H. D. Synthesis 1995, 1447. (b) Figadère, B.; Cavé, A. In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Vol. 18; Rahman, A. U., Ed.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, 1996, 193-227. (c) Marshall, J. A.; Hinkle, K. W.; Hagedorn, C. E. Isr. J. Chem. 1997, 37, 97. (d) Casiraghi, G.; Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Appendino, G. Chemtracts 1998, 11, 803.
4. For reviews of acetogenin synthesis see ref. 1 and: (a) Hoppe, R.; Scharf, H. D. Synthesis 1995, 1447. (b) Figadère, B.; Cavé, A. In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Vol. 18; Rahman, A. U., Ed.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, 1996, 193-227. (c) Marshall, J. A.; Hinkle, K. W.; Hagedorn, C. E. Isr. J. Chem. 1997, 37, 97. (d) Casiraghi, G.; Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Appendino, G. Chemtracts 1998, 11, 803.
5. For reviews of acetogenin synthesis see ref. 1 and: (a) Hoppe, R.; Scharf, H. D. Synthesis 1995, 1447. (b) Figadère, B.; Cavé, A. In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Vol. 18; Rahman, A. U., Ed.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, 1996, 193-227. (c) Marshall, J. A.; Hinkle, K. W.; Hagedorn, C. E. Isr. J. Chem. 1997, 37, 97. (d) Casiraghi, G.; Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Appendino, G. Chemtracts 1998, 11, 803.
6. For reviews of acetogenin synthesis see ref. 1 and: (a) Hoppe, R.; Scharf, H. D. Synthesis 1995, 1447. (b) Figadère, B.; Cavé, A. In Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Vol. 18; Rahman, A. U., Ed.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, 1996, 193-227. (c) Marshall, J. A.; Hinkle, K. W.; Hagedorn, C. E. Isr. J. Chem. 1997, 37, 97. (d) Casiraghi, G.; Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Appendino, G. Chemtracts 1998, 11, 803.
7. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
8. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
9. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
10. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
11. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
12. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
13. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
14. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
15. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
16. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
17. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
18. For selected recent approaches to the synthesis of acetogenins: (a) Baurle, S.; Hoppen, S.; Koert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1263. (b) Marshall, J. A.; Piettre, A.; Paige, M. A.; Valeriote, F. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 1771. (c) Sinha, S. C.; Sinha, A.; Sinha, S. C.; Keinan, E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 4017. (d) Trost, B. M.; Calkins, T. L.; Bochet, C. G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1997, 36, 2632. (e) Hanessian, S.; Grillo, T. A. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 1049. (f) Kuriyama, W.; Ishigami, K.; Kitahara, T. Heterocycles 1999, 50, 981. (g) Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. K.; Ding, H.; Wu, Y. L. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1183. (h) Ruan, Z. M.; Dabideen, D.; Blumenstein, M.; Mootoo, D. R. Tetrahedron 2000, 56, 9203. (i) Zanardi, F.; Battistini, L.; Rassu, G.; Auzzas, L.; Pinna, L.; Marzocchi, L.; Acquotti, D.; Casiraghi, G. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2048. (j) Hu, T. S.; Yu, Q.; Wu, Y. L.; Wu, Y. K. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 853. (k) Dixon, D. J.; Ley, S. V.; Reynolds, D. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 1621. (l) Cecil, A. R. L.; Brown, R. C. D. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 3715.
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