Perennial rhinitis in the under 4s: A difficult problem to treat safely and effectively? A comparison of intranasal fluticasone propionate and ketotifen in the treatment of 2-4-year-old children with perennial rhinitis

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 261-266

  Fokkens, W J ^a   Scadding, G K ^b  

^a ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b National Ear Nose and Throat Hospital   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Allergic; Antihistamines; Child; Corticosteroids; Nasal; Preschool; Rhinitis; Treatment

Indexed keywords

FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE; KETOTIFEN; PLACEBO;

ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; NASAL PRURITUS; NOSE CONGESTION; PERENNIAL RHINITIS; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOALLERGOSORBENT TEST; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RHINORRHEA; SIDE EFFECT; SNEEZING; SYMPTOM; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADMINISTRATION, INTRANASAL; ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES; ANDROSTADIENES; ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENTS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FEMALE; HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS; HUMANS; KETOTIFEN; MALE; RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, PERENNIAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 3142706464     PISSN: 09056157     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2004.00135.x     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. BJORKSTEN B, DUMITRASCU D, FOUCARD T, et al. Prevalence of childhood asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. Eur Respir J 1998: 12: 432-7.
2. KAJOSAARI M, SAARINEN UM. Evaluation of laboratory tests in childhood allergy. Total serum IgE, blood eosinophilia and eosinophil and mast cells in nasal mucosa of 178 children aged 3 years. Allergy 1981: 36: 329-35.
3. VINKE JG, KLEIN JAN A, SEVERIJNEN LW, HOEVE LJ, FOKKENS WJ. Differences in nasal cellular infiltrates between allergic children and age-matched controls. Eur Respir J 1999: 13: 797-803.
4. PASSALI Di G, FOKKENS W, van CAUWENBERGEN P, FERRARA A, SCADDING G. Allergy in children. Int J Paediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1995: 32: S81-6.
5. FOKKENS WJ, VINKE JG, DE JONG SS, BOGAERT DP, KLEINJAN A, EICHHORN E. Differences in cellular infiltrates in the adenoid of allergic children compared with age- and gender-matched controls. Clin Exp Allergy 1998: 28: 187-95.
6. BOUSQUET J, VAN CAUWENBERGE P, KHALTAEV N. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001: 108(5 Suppl): S147-334.
7. VAN CAUWENBERGE P, BACHERT C, PASSALACQUA G, et al. Consensus statement on the treatment of allergic rhinitis. European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. Allergy 2000: 55: 116-34.
8. LUTSKY BN, KLOSE P, MELON J, et al. A comparative study of the efficacy and safety of loratadine syrup and terfenadine suspension in the treatment of 3- to 6-year-old children with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Clin Ther 1993: 15: 855-65.
9. DIBILDOX J. Safety and efficacy of mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray in children with allergic rhinitis: results of recent clinical trials. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001: 108(1 Suppl): S54-8.
10. GRANT SM, GOA KL, FITTON A, SORKIN EM. Ketotifen. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use in asthma and allergic disorders [published erratum appears in Drugs 1991 Feb;41(2):192]. Drugs 1990: 40: 412-48.
11. GRANT SM, GOA KL, FITTON A, SORKIN EM. Ketotifen. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use in asthma and allergic disorders [published erratum appears in Drugs 1991 Feb;41(2):192]. Drugs 1990: 40: 412-48.
12. KELLUM GD, GROSS AM, WALKER M, et al. Open mouth posture and cross-sectional nasal area in young children. Int J Orofacial Myology 1993: 19: 25-8.
13. MOLLER C, MYGIND N. Nasal blockage in children with non-infectious rhinitis: consequences and treatment. Allergy 1997: 52(40 Suppl): 45-51.
14. GROSS AM, KELLUM GD, MICHAS C, et al. Open-mouth posture and maxillary arch width in young children: a three-year evaluation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994: 106: 635-40.
15. PRINCIPATO JJ. Upper airway obstruction and craniofacial morphology. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1991: 104: 881-90.
16. WOLTHERS OD, PEDERSEN S. Short-term growth in children with allergic rhinitis treated with oral antihistamine, depot and intranasal glucocorticosteroids [see comments], Acta Paediatr 1993: 82: 635-40.
17. SKONER DP, RACHELEFSKY G, MELTZER EO, et al. Detection of growth suppression in children during treatment with intranasal beclomethasone diproprionate. Pediatrics 2000: 105: E23.
18. AGERTOFT L, PEDERSEN S. Short-term lower leg growth rate in children with rhinitis treated with intranasal mometasone furoate and budesonide. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999: 104: 948-52.
19. MOLLER C, AHLSTROM H, HENRICSON KA, MALMQVIST LA, AKERLUND A, HILDEBRAND H. Safety of nasal budesonide in the long-term treatment of children with perennial rhinitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2003: 33: 816-22.
20. BRYSON HM, FAULDS D. Intranasal fluticasone propionate. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in allergic rhinitis. Drugs 1992: 43: 760-75.
21. GREGSON RK, RAO R, MURRILLS AJ, TAYLOR PA, WARNER JO. Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on bone mineral density in childhood asthma: comparison of fluticasone propionate with beclomethasone dipropionate. Osteoporos Int 1998: 8: 418-22.
22. BONER A, SETTE L, MARTINATI L, SHARMA RK, RICHARDS DH. The efficacy and tolerability of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergy 1995: 50: 498-505.
23. RICHARDS DH, MILTON CM. Fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray: a well-tolerated and effective treatment for children with perennial rhinitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1996: 7: 35-43.
24. ALLEN DB, MELTZER EO, LEMANSKE RF Jr, et al. No growth suppression in children treated with the maximum recommended dose of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray for one year. Allergy Asthma Proc 2002: 23: 407-13.
25. WEINER JM, ABRAMSON MJ, PUY RM. Intranasal corticosteroids versus oral HI receptor antagonists in allergic rhinitis: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 1998: 317: 1624-9.
26. ARSHAD SH, TARIQ SM, MATTHEWS S, HAKIM E. Sensitization to common allergens and its association with allergic disorders at age 4 years: a whole population birth cohort study. Pediatrics 2001: 108: E33.
27. PASSAU D, MOSGES R. International Conference on Allergic Rhinitis in Childhood. Allergy 1999: 54(Suppl 55): 7-34.
28. PASSALACQUA G, ALBANO M, CANONICA GW, et al. Inhaled and nasal corticosteroids: safety aspects. Allergy 2000: 55: 16-33.
29. SCHENKEL EJ. Paediatric issues relating to the pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2000: 1: 1289-306.
30. PEDERSEN S. Assessing the effect of intranasal steroids on growth. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001: 108(1 Suppl): S40-4.
31. SCADDING GK. Corticosteroids in the treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001: 108(1 Suppl): S59-64.
32. BARANIUK JN, MURRAY J. The linear relationship between changes in childhood growth velocity and topical glucocorticoid dose. Allergy Asthma Proc 2001: 22: 153-64.
33. TOOGOOD JH, JENNINGS B, CREPEA SB, JOHNSON JD. Efficacy of safety of concurrent use of intranasal flunisolide and oral beclomethasone aerosols in treatment of asthmatics with rhinitis, Clin Allergy 1982: 12: 95-105,
34. WATSON WT, BECKER AB, SIMONS FE. Treatment of allergic rhinitis with intranasal corticosteroids in patients with mild asthma: effect on lower airway responsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1993: 91: 97-101.
35. PETRUSON B, THEMAN K. Reduced nocturnal asthma by improved nasal breathing. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1996: 116: 490-2.
36. CORREN J, ADINO AD, BUCHMEIER AD, IRVIN CG. Nasal beclomethasone prevents the seasonal increase in bronchial responsiveness in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992: 90: 250-6.
37. MYGIND N, DAHL R, NIELSEN LP. Effect of nasal inflammation and of intranasal anti-inflammatory treatment on bronchial asthma, Respir Med 1998: 92: 547-9.
38. WAHN U, von MUTIUS E. Childhood risk factors for atopy and the importance of early intervention. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001: 107: 567-74.
39. Allergic factors associated with the development of asthma and the influence of cetirizine in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial: first results of Early Treatment of the Atopic Child (ETAC). Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1998: 9: 116-24.
40. SCADDING G. The coexistence of upper and lower airways disease. Respir Dis Pract 1994: 11: 18-20.
41. MYGIND N, DAHL R, PEDERSEN S, THESTRUP-PEDERSEN K. Essential Allergy. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1996.
42. GROSS AM, KELLUM GD, FRANZ D, et al. A longitudinal evaluation of open mouth posture and maxillary arch width in children. Angle Orthod 1994: 64: 419-24.
43. JUNIPER EF. Impact of upper respiratory allergic diseases on quality of life. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998: 101(2 Pt 2): S386-91.
44. VUURMAN EF, van VEGGEL LM, UITERWIJK MM, LEUTNER D, O'HANLON JF. Seasonal allergic rhinitis and antihistamine effects on children's learning. Ann Allergy 1993: 71: 121-6.
45. JUNIPER EF, GUYATT GH. Development and testing of a new measure of health status for clinical trials in rhinoconjunctivitis. Clin Exp Allergy 1991: 21: 77-83.
46. CRAIG TJ, TEETS S, LEHMAN EB, CHINCHILLI VM, ZWILLICH C. Nasal congestion secondary to allergic rhinitis as a cause of sleep disturbance and daytime fatigue and the response to topical nasal corticosteroids. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998: 101: 633-7.
47. GRUPP-PHELAN J, LOZANO P, FISHMAN P. Health care utilization and cost in children with asthma and selected comorbidities. J Asthma 2001: 38: 363-73.
48. LACK G. Pediatric allergic rhinitis and comorbid disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001: 108(1 Suppl): S9-15.
49. HUANG SW. The risk of sinusitis in children with allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc 2000: 21: 85-88.
50. SCADDING GK. Other anti-inflammatory uses of intranasal corticosteroids in upper respiratory inflammatory diseases. Allergy 2000: 55(Suppl 62): 19-23.