Somatic cell count distributions during lactation predict clinical mastitis

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 87, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 1256-1264

  Green, M J ^a   Green, L E ^a   Schukken, Y H ^b   Bradley, A J ^c   Peeler, E J ^d   Barkema, H W ^e   De Haas, Y ^f   Collis, V J ^a   Medley, G F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK   (United Kingdom)

^b Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^d Ctr Environ   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND   (Canada)

^f WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Mastitis; Somatic cell count

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; BOS TAURUS; ENTEROBACTER; ESCHERICHIA COLI; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS; STREPTOCOCCUS UBERIS;

EID: 3142611649     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73276-2     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Barkema, H. W., Y. H. Schukken, T. J. Lam, M. L. Beiboer, G. Benedictus, and A. Brand. 1998. Management practices associated with low, medium, and high somatic cell counts in bulk milk. J. Dairy Sci. 81:1917-1927.
2. Breslow, N. E., and D. G. Clayton. 1993. Approximate inference in generalized linear mixed models. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 88:9-25.
3. Bradley, A. J., and M. J. Green. 2001. Clinical mastitis in six Somerset dairy herds. Vet. Rec. 148:683-686.
4. Burton, P. R., K. Tiller, L. C. Gurrin, A. W. Musk, W. O. C. M. Cookson, and L. J. Palmer. 1999. Genetic variance components analysis for binary phenotypes using generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and Gibbs sampling. Genet. Epidemiol. 17:118-140.
5. Brooks, S. P., and A. Gelman. 1998. Alternative methods for monitoring convergence of iterative simulations. J. Comput. Graph. Stat. 7:434-455.
6. Clayton, D., and M. Hills. 1993. Statistical Models in Epidemiology. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
7. Dodd, F. H., D. R. Westgarth, F. K. Neave, and R. G. Kingwill. 1969. Mastitis - The strategy of control. J. Dairy Sci. 52:689.
8. Emanuelson, U., B. Danell, and J. Philipsson. 1988. Genetic parameters for clinical mastitis, somatic cell counts and milk production estimated by multiple-trait restricted maximum likelihood. J. Dairy Sci. 71:467-476.
9. Gilks, W. R., S. Richardson, and D. J. Spiegelhalter. 1995. Markov Chain Monte Carlo in Practice. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
10. Gonzales, R. N., J. S Cullor, D. E. Jasper, T. B. Farver, R. B. Bushnell, and M. N Oliver. 1989. Prevention of clinical coliform mastitis in dairy cows by a mutant Escherichia coli vaccine. J. Dairy Sci. 53:301-305.
11. Green, M. J., P. R. Burton, L. E. Green, Y. H. Schukken, A. J. Bradley, E. J. Peeler, and G. F. Medley. 2004. The use of Markov chain Monte Carlo for analysis of correlated binary data: Patterns of somatic cells in milk and the risk of clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Prev. Vet. Med. (accepted)
12. de Haas, Y., H. W. Barkema, and R. F. Veerkamp. 2002. The effect of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis on the lactation curve for somatic cell count. J. Dairy Sci. 85:1314-1323.
13. Harmon, R. J., R. J. Eberhart, D. E. Jasper, B. E. Langlois, and R. A. Wilson. 1990. Microbiological Procedures for the Diagnosis of Bovine Udder Infection. Natl. Mastitis Counc. Inc., Arlington, VA.
14. Hedges, V. J., R. W. Blowey, A. J. Packington, C. J. O'Callaghan, and L. E. Green. 2001. A longitudinal field trial of the effect of biotin on lameness in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 84:1969-1975.
15. Hosmer, D. W., and S. Lemeshow. 1988. Applied Logistic Regression, Wiley-Interscience, New York, NY.
16. Kossaibati, M. A., and R. J. Esslemont. 1997. The costs of production diseases in dairy herds in England . Vet. J. 154:41-51.
17. Lund, M. S., J. Jensen, and P. H. Petersen. 1999. Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters for clinical mastitis, somatic cell production deviance and protein yield. J. Dairy Sci. 82:1045-1051.
18. Mark, T., W. F. Fikse, U. Emanuelson, and J. Philipsson. 2002. International genetic evaluations of Holstein sires for milk somatic cell count and clinical mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 85:2384-2392.
19. McCullagh, P., and J. A. Neider. 1989. Generalized Linear Models. 2nd ed. Chapman and Hall, Oxford, UK.
20. Milner, P., K. L. Page, and J. E. Hillerton. 1997. The effects of early antibiotic treatment following diagnosis of mastitis detected by a change in the electrical conductivity of milk. J. Dairy Sci. 80:859-863.
21. Peeler, E. J., M. J. Green, J. L. Fitzpatrick, and L. E. Green. 2003. The association between quarter somatic cell counts and clinical mastitis in three British dairy herds. Prev. Vet. Med. 59:169-180.
22. Philipsson, J., G. Ral, and B. Bergland. 1995. Somatic cell count as a selection criterion for mastitis resistance in dairy cattle. Livest. Prod. Sci. 41:195-200.
23. Rasbash, J., W. Browne, H. Goldstein, M. Yang, I. Plewis, M. Healy, G. Woodhouse, D. Draper, I. Langford, and T. Lewis. 2000. A users guide to MlwiN, Version 2.1, Multilevel Models Project, Institute of Education, University of London, UK.
24. Schukken, Y. H., K. E. Leslie, D. A. Barnum, B. A. Mallard, J. H. Lumsden, P. C. Dick, G. H. Vessie, and M. E. Kehrli. 1999. Experimental Staphylococcus aureus intramammary challenge in late lactation dairy cows: Quarter and cow effects determining the probability of infection. J. Dairy Sci. 82:2393-2401.
25. Shook, G. E. 1993. Genetic improvement of mastitis through selection on somatic cell count. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 9:563-581.
26. Shook, G. E., and M. M. Schutz. 1994. Selection on somatic cell score to improve resistance to mastitis in the United States. J. Dairy Sci. 77:648-58.
27. Shuster, D. E., E. K. Lee, and M. E. Kehlri. 1996. Bacterial growth, inflammatory cytokine production, and neutrophil recruitment during coliform mastitis in cows within ten days after calving, compared with at midlactation. Am. J. Vet. Res. 5711:1569-1575.
28. Snijders, T., and R. Bosker. 1999. Multilevel analysis: An introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modelling. SAGE publications Ltd, 6 Bonhill St, London, UK.
29. Spiegelhalter, D., A. Thomas, and N. Best. 2000. WinBUGS Version 1.3. MRC Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Public Health, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK.
30. Suriyasathaporn, W., Y. H. Schukken, M. Nielen, and A. Brand. 2000. Low somatic cell count: A risk factor for subsequent clinical mastitis in a dairy herd. J. Dairy Sci. 83:1248-1255.
31. Swanson, G. J. T., R. A. Mrode, and C. M. Lindberg. 1998 Genetic progress for production plus health, welfare and profit. Animal Data Centre, Fox Talbot House, Greenways Business Park, Chippenham, Wilts, UK.
32. van Werven, T. 1999. The role of leukocytes in bovine Escherichia coli mastitis. Ph.D. thesis, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
33. Weiss, W. P. J. S. Hogan, D. A. Todhunter and K. L Smith. 1997. Effect of vitamin E supplementation in diets with a low concentaration of selenium on mammary gland health of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 80:1728-37.
34. Weller, J. I., A. Saran, and Y. Zeliger. 1992. Genetic and environmental relationships among somatic cell count, bacterial infection and clinical mastitis. J. Dairy Sci. 75:2532-2540.
35. Zeger, S. L, and M. R. Karim. 1991. Generalized linear models with random effects: a Gibbs sampling approach. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 86:79-86.
36. Zorah, K. T., R. C. Daniel, and A. J. Frost. 1993. Detection of bacterial antigens in milk samples from clinical cases of bovine mastitis in which culture is negative. Vet Rec. 27:208-210.