Taiwanese immigrant entrepreneurs in Canada and transnational social space

International Migration

Volumn 42, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 113-152

  Wong, Lloyd L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASIAN IMMIGRANT; ECONOMIC ACTIVITY; ENTREPRENEUR; IMMIGRANT POPULATION; SOCIAL NETWORK;

CANADA; NORTH AMERICA;

EID: 3142606723     PISSN: 00207985     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.0020-7985.2004.00283.x     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Borjas, G. 1989 "Economic theory and international migration", International Migration Review, 23(3): 457-485.
2. Borjas, G. 1990 Friends or Strangers: The Impact of Immigrants on the US Economy, Basic Books Inc., New York.
3. Bureau of Immigration and Population Research 1994 Special tabulations.
4. Chan, K.B. 1997 "A family affair: migration dispersal, and the emergent identity of the Chinese cosmopolitan", Diaspora, 6(2): 195-213.
5. Chen, H.S. 1992 Chinatown No More: Taiwanese Immigrants in Contemporary, New York, Cornell University Press, Ithaca.
6. Chiang, N., and L. Kuo 2000 "An examination of the employment structure of Taiwanese immigrants in Australia", Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 9(4): 459-481.
7. Citizenship and Immigration Canada 1993 Immigration Statistics 1992, Minister of Supply and Services, Ottawa.
8. Citizenship and Immigration Canada 1994 Special tabulations.
9. Citizenship and Immigration Canada 2000 Special tabulations.
10. Citizenship and Immigration Canada 2001 Facts and Figures 2001-Immigration Overview, Minister of Public Works, Ottawa.
11. Citizenship and Immigration Canada 2002a Special tabulations.
12. Citizenship and Immigration Canada 2002b Facts and Figures 2002 - Immigration Overview, Minister of Public Works, Ottawa.
13. Citizenship and Immigration Canada 2003 Bill C-18 - An Act Respecting Canadian Citizenship, Citizenship and Immigration Canada, http://www.parl.ge.ca/37/2/paribus/chambus/house/bills/government/ C-18/C-18_1/C-18_cover-E.html.
14. Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, Australia 2000 Special tabulations.
15. Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, Australia 2002 Australian Immigration - Consolidated Statistics (Number 21 - 1999-2000), Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra.
16. Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs, Australia 2003 Special tabulations.
17. Employment and Immigration Canada 1985-1992 Immigration Statistics, Minister of Supply and Services, Ottawa.
18. Faist, T. 2000a "Transnationalization in international migration: implications for the study of citizenship and culture", Ethnic and Racial Studies, 23(2): 189-222.
19. Faist, T. 2000b The Volume and Dynamics of International Migration and Transnational Social Spaces, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
20. Flap, H., et al. 2000 "The social capital of ethnic entrepreneurs and their business success", in J. Rath (Ed.), Immigrant Businesses: The Economic, Political and Social Environment, St. Martin's Press, New York.
21. Fleras, A., and J. Elliott 1992 Multiculturalism in Canada, Nelson Canada, Scarborough.
22. Fleras, A., and J. Elliot 2002 Engaging Diversity: Multiculturalism in Canada, second edition, Nelson Thomson Learning, Toronto.
23. Gold, S., and I. Light 2000 "Ethnic economies and social policy", in P. Coy (Ed.), Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change, JAI Press Inc., Stamford, Connecticut.
24. Inglis, C., and C. Wu 1990 "The 'new' migration of Asian skill and capital in the Asia-pacific region: its implications for new directions in theory and research", in R. Reed (Ed.), Patterns of Migration in Southeast Asia, University of California Press, Berkeley.
25. Inglis, C., and C. Wu 1992 "The 'new' migration of Asian skills and capital to Australia", in C. Inglis, et al. (Eds), Asians in Australia: The Dynamics of Migration and Settlement, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore.
26. Ip, D. 1999 "Network as capital: PRC immigrant entrepreneurs in Brisbane", in Y. Tseng, et al. (Eds), Asian Migration: Pacific Rim Dynamics, IGAS, Taipei, Taiwan.
27. Ip, D. 2001 "A decade of Taiwanese migrant settlement in Australia: comparisons with mainland Chinese and Hong Kong settlers", Journal of Population Studies, 23: 113-145.
28. Ip, D., et al. 1997 "Concepts of citizenship and identity among recent Asian immigrants in Australia", Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 6(3-4): 363-384.
29. Ip, D., 1998a "Cosmopolitanizing Australian suburbia: Asian immigration in Sunny-bank", Journal of Population Studies, 19: 53-79.
30. Ip, D., 1998b "Settlement experiences of Taiwanese immigrants in Australia", Asian Studies Review, 22(1): 79-97.
31. Ip, M., and W Friesen 2001 "The new Chinese community in New Zealand: local outcomes of transnationalism", Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 10(2): 213-240.
32. Jolly, C., et al. 1998 "US competitive position and capital investment flows in the economic citizen market: constraints and opportunities of the US Investor Program", The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 57(2): 155-171.
33. Keely, C.B. 2003 "Globalization transforms trade-migration equation", International Migration, 41(1): 87-92.
34. Labelle, M., and F. Midy 1999 "Re-reading citizenship and the transnational practices of immigrants", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 25(2): 213-232.
35. Leung, M.W.H. 2001 "Get IT going: new ethnic Chinese business. The case of Taiwanese-owned computer firms in Hamburg", Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 27(2): 227-294.
36. Lever-Tracy, C., et al. 1999 "Old ties abroad, new friends at home: networks of Australian Chinese entrepreneurs", in Y. Tseng, et al. (Eds), Asian Migration: Pacific Rim Dynamics, IGAS, Taipei, Taiwan.
37. Li, P.S. 2000 "Overseas Chinese networks: a reassessment", in C.K. Bun (Ed.), Chinese Business Networks, Prentice Hall, Singapore.
38. Li, P.S. 1993 "Chinese investment and business in Canada: ethnic entrepreneurship reconsidered", Pacific Affairs, 66(2): 219-243.
39. Light, I. 2001 "Globalization, transnationalism and trade", Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 10(1): 53-79.
40. Light, I., and S. Gold 2000 Ethnic Economies, Academic Press, San Diego.
41. Krishna, V. 2004 "Foreign income - income reporting requirements", CGA Ontario Tax and International Business Research Centres at the University of Ottawa, http://www.cgataxresearch.org/articles/article_025.htm.
42. Ma Mung, E. 1999 "Dispersal as a resource", paper presented at The Chinese Diaspora in Latin America and the Caribbean: An International Conference of the ISSCO, University of Havana, Cuba, 10-12 December.
43. Multiculturalism and Citizenship Canada 1992 Strategy on Multiculturalism and Business/Economy, Minister of Supply and Services, Ottawa.
44. Multiculturalism and Citizenship Canada 1993 Multiculturalism Means Business, Minister of Supply and Services, Ottawa.
45. Ng, F. 1998 The Taiwanese Americans, Greenwood Press, Westport Connecticut.
46. Ong, P., et al. (Eds) 1994 The New Asian Immigration in Los Angeles and Global Restructuring, Temple University Press, Philadelphia.
47. Portes, A., and P. Landolt 1996 "Unsolved mysteries: the Tocqueville files II - the downside of social capital", The American Prospect, 7(26).
48. Portes, A., et al. 1999 "The study of transnationalism: pitfalls and promise of an emergent research field", Ethnic and Racial Studies, 22(2): 217-237.
49. Portes, A., 2002 "Transnational entrepreneurs: an alternative form of immigrant economic adaptation", American Sociological Review, 67(April): 278-298.
50. Pries, L. 2001 "The approach of transnational social spaces", in L. Pries (Ed.), New Transnational Social Spaces: International Migration and Transnational Companies in the Early 21st Century, Routledge, London.
51. Razin, E., and I. Light 1998 "Ethnic entrepreneurs in America's largest metropolitan areas", Urban Affairs Review, 33(3): 332-360.
52. Richmond, A.H. 1994 Global Apartheid, Oxford University Press, Toronto.
53. Roney, L. 1995 "Summary: an overview of the US Investor Program", unpublished manuscript.
54. Saxenian, A. 1999 Silicon Valley's New Immigrant Entrepreneurs, Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco.
55. Saxenian, A. 2000 "Transnational entrepreneurs and regional industrialization: the Silicon Valley-Hsinchu Connection", in R. Tzeng and B. Uzzi (Eds), Embeddedness and Corporate Change in a Global Economy, Peter Lang Publishing Inc., New York.
56. Saxenian, A. 2002 Local and Global Networks of Immigrant Professionals in Silicon Valley, Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco.
57. Schak, D. 1999 "Middle-class migration and problems of adjustment: Taiwanese business migrants in Brisbane", Journal of Population Studies, 20: 1-34.
58. Schak, D. 2000 "Networks and their uses in the Taiwanese society", in C.K. Bun (Ed.), Chinese Business Networks, Prentice-Hall, Singapore.
59. Simmons, A. 1999 "Economic integration and designer immigrants: Canadian policy in the 1990s", in M. Castro (Ed.), Free Markets, Open Societies, Closed Borders? Trends in International Migration and Immigration Policy in the Americas, North-South Press, Miami.
60. SOPEMI 1992 International Trends in International Migration, OECD, Paris.
61. Tseng, Y-F 1994 "Chinese ethnic economy: San Gabriel Valley, Los Angeles County", Journal of Urban Affairs, 16(2): 169-189.
62. Tseng, Y-F 1995 "Beyond 'little Taipei': the development of Taiwanese immigrant businesses in Los Angeles", International Migration Review, 29(1): 33-58.
63. Tseng, Y-F 1997 "Immigration industry: immigration consulting firms in the process of Taiwanese business immigration", Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 6(3-4): 275-294.
64. Tseng, Y-F 2000a "Immigrant firms and transtiational embeddedness: Chinese entrepreneurs in Los Angeles", in R. Tzeng and B. Uzzi (Eds , Embeddedness and Corporate Change in a Global Economy, Peter Lang Publishing Inc., New York.
65. Tseng, Y-F 2000b "The mobility of entrepreneurs and capital: Taiwanese capital-linked migration", International Migration, 38(2 ): 143-167.
66. Tseng, Y-F 2002 "From 'us' to 'them': diasporic linkages and identity politics", Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power, 9: 383-404.
67. US Immigration and Naturalization Service 1990 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1989, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
68. US Immigration and Naturalization Service 1991 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1990, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
69. US Immigration and Neutralization Service 1993 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1992, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
70. US Immigration and Neutralization Service 1997 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1996, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
71. US Immigration and Nuetralization Service 1999a Annual Report - Legal Immigration, Fiscal Year 1997, Department of Justice, Washington, DC.
72. US Immigration and Neutralization Services 1999b Annual Report - Legal Immigration, Fiscal Year 1998, Department of Justice, Washington, DC.
73. US Immigration and Neutralization Services 1999c Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1997, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
74. US Immigration and Neutralization Services 2000 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1998, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
75. US Immigration and Neutralization Services 2002a Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 2000, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
76. US Immigration and Neutralization Services 2002b Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1999, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
77. US Immigration and Neutralization Services 2003 Statistical Yearbook of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 2001, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
78. Van Hear, N. 1998 New Diasporas, University of Washington Press, Seattle.
79. Vertovec, S. 1999 "Conceiving and researching transnationalism", Ethnic and Racial Studies, 22(2):447-462.
80. Waldinger, R. 1986a "Immigrant enterprise: a critique and reformulation", Theory and Society, 15: 249-285.
81. Waldinger, R. 1986b Through the Eye of the Needle: Immigrants and Enterprise in New York's Garment Trades, New York University Press, New York.
82. Waldinger, R., et al. 1990 Ethnic Entrepreneurs: Immigrant Business in Industrial Societies, Sage Publications, Newbury Park.
83. Waters, J.L. 2002 "Flexible families? 'Astronaut' households and the experiences of lone mothers in Vancouver, British Columbia", Social and Cultural Geography, 3(2): 117-134.
84. Wong, L. 1993 "Immigration as capital accumulation: the impact of business immigration to Canada", International Migration, XXXI(1): 171-190.
85. Wong, L. 1997 "Globalization and transnational migration," International Sociology, 12(3): 329-351.
86. Wong, L., and M. Ng 1998 "Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs in Vancouver: a case study of ethnic business development", Canadian Ethnic Studies, XXX(1):64-85.
87. Wong, L., and M. Ng 2002 "The emergence of small transnational enterprise in Vancouver: the case of Chinese entrepreneur immigrants", International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 26(3): 508-30.
88. Wong, S., and J. Salaff 1998 "Network capital: emigration from Hong Kong", British Journal of Sociology, 49(3): 258-274.
89. Zhou, Y., and Y. Tseng 2001 "Regrounding the 'ungrounded empires': localization as the geographical catalyst for transnationalism", Global Networks, 1(2): 131-153.