메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 521-530

Management of antiretroviral therapy in neonates, children, and adolescents

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABACAVIR PLUS LAMIVUDINE PLUS ZIDOVUDINE; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ATAZANAVIR; CD4 ANTIGEN; CHOLESTEROL; CYTIDINE DERIVATIVE; DIDANOSINE; EFAVIRENZ; EMTRICITABINE; ENFUVIRTIDE; FAT; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; INTEGRASE INHIBITOR; LAMIVUDINE; LIPID; LOPINAVIR; NELFINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; SAQUINAVIR; TENOFOVIR; TIPRANAVIR; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UNINDEXED DRUG; VIDEX EC; VIRUS PROTEIN; VIRUS RNA; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 3142554402     PISSN: 15233847     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11908-003-0097-4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1)

References (92)
  • 1
    • 85039536226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AIDS epidemic update: December 2002, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and World Health Organization (WHO). Accessed August 29
    • AIDS epidemic update: December 2002, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and World Health Organization (WHO). http://www.who.int/hiv/facts/epiupdate_en.pdf. Accessed August 29, 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 2
    • 1542282597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission: Current issues, future challenges
    • Bulterys M, Nolan ML, Jamieson D: Advances in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission: current issues, future challenges. AIDScience 2002.
    • (2002) AIDScience
    • Bulterys, M.1    Nolan, M.L.2    Jamieson, D.3
  • 3
    • 85039524560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young people at risk: HIV/AIDS among America's youth
    • Accessed August 29
    • Young people at risk: HIV/AIDS among America's youth. Centers for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/facts/youth.htm. Accessed August 29, 2003.
    • (2003) Centers for Disease Control
  • 4
    • 0003487632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in pediatric HIV infection
    • US Department of Health and Human Services Accessed August 29
    • Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in pediatric HIV infection, US Department of Health and Human Services. http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov. Accessed August 29, 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 5
    • 0032873156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paediatric HIV-1 infection
    • Burns DN, Mofenson LM: Paediatric HIV-1 infection. Lancet 1999, 354(Suppl 2):SII1-SII6.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Burns, D.N.1    Mofenson, L.M.2
  • 6
    • 0036239507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination antiretroviral strategies for the treatment of pregnant HIV-1-infected women and prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission
    • Cooper ER, Charurat M, Mofenson L, et al.: Combination antiretroviral strategies for the treatment of pregnant HIV-1-infected women and prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002, 29:484-494.
    • (2002) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.29 , pp. 484-494
    • Cooper, E.R.1    Charurat, M.2    Mofenson, L.3
  • 7
    • 0028003766 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment
    • Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group
    • Connor EM, Sperling RS, Gelber R, et al.: Reduction of maternal-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with zidovudine treatment. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 076 Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994, 331:1173-1180.
    • (1994) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.331 , pp. 1173-1180
    • Connor, E.M.1    Sperling, R.S.2    Gelber, R.3
  • 8
    • 19244364987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • After AIDS clinical trial 076: The changing pattern of zidovudine use during pregnancy, and the subsequent reduction in the vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in a cohort of infected women and their infants
    • Women and Infants Transmission Study Group
    • Cooper ER, Nugent RP, Diaz C, et al.: After AIDS clinical trial 076: the changing pattern of zidovudine use during pregnancy, and the subsequent reduction in the vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in a cohort of infected women and their infants. Women and Infants Transmission Study Group. J Infect Dis 1996, 174:1207-1211.
    • (1996) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.174 , pp. 1207-1211
    • Cooper, E.R.1    Nugent, R.P.2    Diaz, C.3
  • 9
    • 0037055088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-dose intrapartum/newborn nevirapine and standard antiretroviral therapy to reduce perinatal HIV transmission: A randomized trial
    • Dorenbaum A, Cunningham CK, Gelber RD, et al.: Two-dose intrapartum/newborn nevirapine and standard antiretroviral therapy to reduce perinatal HIV transmission: a randomized trial. JAMA 2002, 288:189-198.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 189-198
    • Dorenbaum, A.1    Cunningham, C.K.2    Gelber, R.D.3
  • 10
    • 0033526986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in women treated with zidovudine
    • Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 185 Team
    • Mofenson LM, Lambert JS, Stiehm ER, et al.: Risk factors for perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in women treated with zidovudine. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 185 Team. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:385-393.
    • (1999) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.341 , pp. 385-393
    • Mofenson, L.M.1    Lambert, J.S.2    Stiehm, E.R.3
  • 11
    • 0035371314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical transmission of multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and continued evolution of drug resistance in an HIV-1-infected infant
    • Johnson VA, Petropoulos CJ, Woods CR, et al.: Vertical transmission of multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and continued evolution of drug resistance in an HIV-1-infected infant. J Infect Dis 2001, 183:1688-1693.
    • (2001) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.183 , pp. 1688-1693
    • Johnson, V.A.1    Petropoulos, C.J.2    Woods, C.R.3
  • 12
    • 0035479290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) subtype on women receiving single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis to prevent hiv-1 vertical transmission (hiv network for prevention trials 012 study)
    • Eshleman SH, Becker-Pergola G, Deseyve M, et al.: Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) subtype on women receiving single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis to prevent hiv-1 vertical transmission (hiv network for prevention trials 012 study). J Infect Dis 2001, 184:914-917.
    • (2001) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.184 , pp. 914-917
    • Eshleman, S.H.1    Becker-Pergola, G.2    Deseyve, M.3
  • 13
    • 0037099368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of resistance mutations in women receiving standard antiretroviral therapy who received intrapartum nevirapine to prevent perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission: A substudy of pediatric AIDS clinical trials group protocol 316
    • Cunningham CK, Chaix ML, Rekacewicz C, et al.: Development of resistance mutations in women receiving standard antiretroviral therapy who received intrapartum nevirapine to prevent perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission: a substudy of pediatric AIDS clinical trials group protocol 316. J Infect Dis 2002, 186:181-188.
    • (2002) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.186 , pp. 181-188
    • Cunningham, C.K.1    Chaix, M.L.2    Rekacewicz, C.3
  • 14
    • 0035913939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection and fading of resistance mutations in women and infants receiving nevirapine to prevent HIV-1 vertical transmission (HIVNET 012)
    • Eshleman SH, Mracna M, Guay LA, et al.: Selection and fading of resistance mutations in women and infants receiving nevirapine to prevent HIV-1 vertical transmission (HIVNET 012). AIDS 2001, 15:1951-1957.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 1951-1957
    • Eshleman, S.H.1    Mracna, M.2    Guay, L.A.3
  • 16
    • 0032511952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abbreviated regimens of zidovudine prophylaxis and perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus
    • Wade NA, Birkhead GS, Warren BL, et al.: Abbreviated regimens of zidovudine prophylaxis and perinatal transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. N Engl J Med 1998, 339:1409-1414.
    • (1998) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.339 , pp. 1409-1414
    • Wade, N.A.1    Birkhead, G.S.2    Warren, B.L.3
  • 17
    • 0037029419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of three short-course regimens of zidovudine and lamivudine in preventing early and late transmission of HIV-1 from mother to child in Tanzania, South Africa, and Uganda (Petra study): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Petra Study Team
    • Petra Study Team: Efficacy of three short-course regimens of zidovudine and lamivudine in preventing early and late transmission of HIV-1 from mother to child in Tanzania, South Africa, and Uganda (Petra study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002, 359:1178-1186.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1178-1186
  • 18
    • 0034610026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A trial of shortened zidovudine regimens to prevent mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial (Thailand) Investigators
    • Lallemant M, Jourdain G, Le Coeur S, et al.: A trial of shortened zidovudine regimens to prevent mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Perinatal HIV Prevention Trial (Thailand) Investigators. N Engl J Med 2000, 343:982-991.
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.343 , pp. 982-991
    • Lallemant, M.1    Jourdain, G.2    Le Coeur, S.3
  • 19
    • 0033523454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial
    • Guay LA, Musoke P, Fleming T, et al.: Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet 1999, 354:795-802.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 795-802
    • Guay, L.A.1    Musoke, P.2    Fleming, T.3
  • 20
    • 0037333802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter randomized controlled trial of nevirapine versus a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine to reduce intrapartum and early postpartum mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Moodley D, Moodley J, Coovadia H, et al.: A multicenter randomized controlled trial of nevirapine versus a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine to reduce intrapartum and early postpartum mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis 2003, 187: 725-735.
    • (2003) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.187 , pp. 725-735
    • Moodley, D.1    Moodley, J.2    Coovadia, H.3
  • 21
    • 0141518673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial
    • Jackson JB, Musoke P, Fleming T, et al.: Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet 2003, 362:859-868.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 859-868
    • Jackson, J.B.1    Musoke, P.2    Fleming, T.3
  • 22
    • 0033635757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral pharmacology in pregnant women and their newborns
    • Mirochnick M: Antiretroviral pharmacology in pregnant women and their newborns. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000, 918:287-297.
    • (2000) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.918 , pp. 287-297
    • Mirochnick, M.1
  • 23
    • 0027436898 scopus 로고
    • Selective and synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase by a non-nucleoside inhibitor, MKC-442
    • Yuasa S, Sadakata Y, Takashima H, et al.: Selective and synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase by a non-nucleoside inhibitor, MKC-442. Mol Pharmacol 1993, 44:895-900.
    • (1993) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.44 , pp. 895-900
    • Yuasa, S.1    Sadakata, Y.2    Takashima, H.3
  • 24
    • 17544371675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early therapy of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: Control of viral replication and absence of persistent HIV-1-specific immune responses
    • Luzuriaga K, McManus M, Catalina M, et al.: Early therapy of vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: control of viral replication and absence of persistent HIV-1-specific immune responses. J Virol 2000, 74:6984-6991.
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 6984-6991
    • Luzuriaga, K.1    McManus, M.2    Catalina, M.3
  • 25
    • 4444238839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics (PK) antiviral activity and safety of nelfinavir (NFV) with ZDV/3TC in pregnant HIV-infected women and their infants: PACTG 353 cohort 2
    • [abstract]
    • Bryson Y, Stek A, Mirochnick M, et al.: Pharmacokinetics (PK) antiviral activity and safety of nelfinavir (NFV) with ZDV/3TC in pregnant HIV-infected women and their infants: PACTG 353 cohort 2 [abstract]. Proceedings of the 9th Conference on Retrovirus and Opportunistic Infections. 2002.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the 9th Conference on Retrovirus and Opportunistic Infections
    • Bryson, Y.1    Stek, A.2    Mirochnick, M.3
  • 26
    • 0033914469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vivo antagonism with zidovudine plus stavudine combination therapy
    • Havlir DV, Tierney C, Friedland GH, et al.: In vivo antagonism with zidovudine plus stavudine combination therapy. J Infect Dis 2000, 182:321-325.
    • (2000) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.182 , pp. 321-325
    • Havlir, D.V.1    Tierney, C.2    Friedland, G.H.3
  • 27
    • 16944362073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal HIV-1 viral load and vertical transmission of infection: The ariel project for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to infant
    • Cao Y, Krogstad P, Korber BT, et al.: Maternal HIV-1 viral load and vertical transmission of infection: the ariel project for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to infant. Nat Med 1997, 3:549-552.
    • (1997) Nat. Med. , vol.3 , pp. 549-552
    • Cao, Y.1    Krogstad, P.2    Korber, B.T.3
  • 28
    • 0031912007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal viral genotypic zidovudine resistance and infrequent failure of zidovudine therapy to prevent perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency vinis type 1 in pediatric AIDS
    • Eastman PS, Shapiro DE, Coombs RW, et al.: Maternal viral genotypic zidovudine resistance and infrequent failure of zidovudine therapy to prevent perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency vinis type 1 in pediatric AIDS. J Infect Dis 1998, 177:557-564.
    • (1998) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.177 , pp. 557-564
    • Eastman, P.S.1    Shapiro, D.E.2    Coombs, R.W.3
  • 29
    • 0035500336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral resistance mutations among pregnant human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women and their newborns in the United States: Vertical transmission and clades
    • Palumbo P, Holland B, Dobbs T, et al.: Antiretroviral resistance mutations among pregnant human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women and their newborns in the United States: vertical transmission and clades. J Infect Dis 2001, 184:1120-1126.
    • (2001) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.184 , pp. 1120-1126
    • Palumbo, P.1    Holland, B.2    Dobbs, T.3
  • 30
    • 0036603048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral prophylaxis of perinatal HIV-1 transmission and the potential impact of antiretroviral resistance
    • Nolan M, Fowler MG, Mofenson LM: Antiretroviral prophylaxis of perinatal HIV-1 transmission and the potential impact of antiretroviral resistance. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002, 30:216-229.
    • (2002) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.30 , pp. 216-229
    • Nolan, M.1    Fowler, M.G.2    Mofenson, L.M.3
  • 31
    • 0029825711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early progression of disease in HIV-infected infants with thymus dysfunction
    • [Published erratum appears in N Engl J Med 1997, 336:595]
    • Kourtis AP, Ibegbu C, Nahmias AJ, et al.: Early progression of disease in HIV-infected infants with thymus dysfunction. N Engl J Med 1996, 335:1431-1436. [Published erratum appears in N Engl J Med 1997, 336:595].
    • (1996) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.335 , pp. 1431-1436
    • Kourtis, A.P.1    Ibegbu, C.2    Nahmias, A.J.3
  • 32
    • 0030962564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between serum human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA level, CD4 lymphocyte percent, and long-term mortality risk in HIV-1-infected children
    • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intravenous Immunoglobulin Clinical Trial Study Group
    • Mofenson LM, Korelitz J, Meyer WA, et al.: The relationship between serum human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA level, CD4 lymphocyte percent, and long-term mortality risk in HIV-1-infected children. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intravenous Immunoglobulin Clinical Trial Study Group. J Infect Dis 1997, 175:1029-1038.
    • (1997) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.175 , pp. 1029-1038
    • Mofenson, L.M.1    Korelitz, J.2    Meyer, W.A.3
  • 33
    • 0032507232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of quantitative plasma HIV RNA and CD4+ lymphocyte count in HIV-infected infants and children
    • Palumbo PE, Raskino C, Fiscus S, et al.: Predictive value of quantitative plasma HIV RNA and CD4+ lymphocyte count in HIV-infected infants and children. JAMA 1998, 279:756-761.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , pp. 756-761
    • Palumbo, P.E.1    Raskino, C.2    Fiscus, S.3
  • 34
    • 3142606341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality in European children vertically infected by HIV-1
    • The French Pediatric HIV Infection Study Group and European Collaborative Study
    • Blanche S, Newell ML, Mayaux MJ, et al.: Morbidity and mortality in European children vertically infected by HIV-1. The French Pediatric HIV Infection Study Group and European Collaborative Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1997, 14:442-450.
    • (1997) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. , vol.14 , pp. 442-450
    • Blanche, S.1    Newell, M.L.2    Mayaux, M.J.3
  • 35
    • 0024806428 scopus 로고
    • Survival in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
    • Scott GB, Hutto C, Makuch RW, et al.: Survival in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. N Engl J Med 1989, 321:1791-1796.
    • (1989) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.321 , pp. 1791-1796
    • Scott, G.B.1    Hutto, C.2    Makuch, R.W.3
  • 36
    • 0025803883 scopus 로고
    • CD4 T-lymphocyte counts and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in pediatric HIV infection
    • Kovacs A, Frederick T, Church J, et al.: CD4 T-lymphocyte counts and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in pediatric HIV infection. JAMA 1991, 265:1698-1703.
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 1698-1703
    • Kovacs, A.1    Frederick, T.2    Church, J.3
  • 37
    • 0033536294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus infection and HIV-1 disease progression in infants born to HIV-1-infected women
    • Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection Study Group
    • Kovacs A, Schluchter M, Easley K, et al.: Cytomegalovirus infection and HIV-1 disease progression in infants born to HIV-1-infected women. Pediatric Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Complications of Vertically Transmitted HIV Infection Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:77-84.
    • (1999) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.341 , pp. 77-84
    • Kovacs, A.1    Schluchter, M.2    Easley, K.3
  • 38
    • 0000771140 scopus 로고
    • 1994 revised classification system for human immunodeficiency in virus infection in children less than 13 years of age
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • 1994 revised classification system for human immunodeficiency in virus infection in children less than 13 years of age. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1994, 43:1-9.
    • (1994) MMWR. Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. , vol.43 , pp. 1-9
  • 39
    • 0028126996 scopus 로고
    • Progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease among infants and children infected perinatally with human immunodeficiency virus or through neonatal blood transfusion
    • Los Angeles County Pediatric AIDS Consortium and the Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center and the University of Southern California School of Medicine
    • Frederick T, Mascola L, Eller A, et al.: Progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease among infants and children infected perinatally with human immunodeficiency virus or through neonatal blood transfusion. Los Angeles County Pediatric AIDS Consortium and the Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center and the University of Southern California School of Medicine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1994, 13:1091-1097.
    • (1994) Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. , vol.13 , pp. 1091-1097
    • Frederick, T.1    Mascola, L.2    Eller, A.3
  • 40
    • 3142615439 scopus 로고
    • HIV therapy advances. Pediatric antiretroviral choices
    • Spector SA: HIV therapy advances. Pediatric antiretroviral choices. AIDS 1994, 3(Suppl 8):S15-S18.
    • (1994) AIDS , vol.3 , Issue.SUPPL. 8
    • Spector, S.A.1
  • 42
    • 85039522130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Health and Human Services: Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-infected adults and adolescents
    • Accessed August 29
    • US Department of Health and Human Services: Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-infected adults and adolescents. http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov. Accessed August 29, 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 43
    • 1842296349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma viral load and CD4+ lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection
    • Mellors JW, Munoz A, Giorgi JV, et al.: Plasma viral load and CD4+ lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection. Ann Intern Med 1997, 126:946-954.
    • (1997) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.126 , pp. 946-954
    • Mellors, J.W.1    Munoz, A.2    Giorgi, J.V.3
  • 44
    • 0032823438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in longitudinal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels among seroconverters
    • Sterling TR, Vlahov D, Lyles C, et al.: Sex differences in longitudinal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels among seroconverters. J Infect Dis 1999, 180:666-672.
    • (1999) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.180 , pp. 666-672
    • Sterling, T.R.1    Vlahov, D.2    Lyles, C.3
  • 45
    • 0032494777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in HIV-1 viral load and progression to AIDS
    • Farzadegan H, Hoover DR, Astemborski J, et al.: Sex differences in HIV-1 viral load and progression to AIDS. Lancet 1998, 352:1510-1514.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 1510-1514
    • Farzadegan, H.1    Hoover, D.R.2    Astemborski, J.3
  • 46
    • 3142583145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral load reduction (VLR) in children with advanced HIV disease treated with 4-drug antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimens including NRTIs, nevirapine (NVP), nelfinavir (NFV), and/or ritonavir (RTV)
    • [abstract]
    • Burchett SK, Khoury M, McIntosh K, et al.: Viral load reduction (VLR) in children with advanced HIV disease treated with 4-drug antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimens including NRTIs, nevirapine (NVP), nelfinavir (NFV), and/or ritonavir (RTV) [abstract]. Proceedings of the 7th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. 2000:206.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the 7th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections , pp. 206
    • Burchett, S.K.1    Khoury, M.2    McIntosh, K.3
  • 47
    • 0034632922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor(s) plus nevirapine, nelfinavir, or ritonavir in stable antiretroviral therapy-experienced HIV-infected children: Week 24 results of a randomized controlled trial-PACTG 377
    • Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 377 Study Team
    • Wiznia A, Stanley K, Krogstad P, et al.: Combination nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor(s) plus nevirapine, nelfinavir, or ritonavir in stable antiretroviral therapy-experienced HIV-infected children: week 24 results of a randomized controlled trial-PACTG 377. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 377 Study Team. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000, 16:1113-1121.
    • (2000) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.16 , pp. 1113-1121
    • Wiznia, A.1    Stanley, K.2    Krogstad, P.3
  • 48
    • 0036532103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleoside-analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitors plus nevirapine, nelfinavir, or ritonavir for pretreated children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Krogstad P, Lee S, Johnson G, et al.: Nucleoside-analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitors plus nevirapine, nelfinavir, or ritonavir for pretreated children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Clin Infect Dis 2002, 34:991-1001.
    • (2002) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.34 , pp. 991-1001
    • Krogstad, P.1    Lee, S.2    Johnson, G.3
  • 49
    • 0036245038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children receiving ritonavir-containing antiretroviral therapy
    • Nachman SA, Lindsey JC, Pelton S, et al.: Growth in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children receiving ritonavir-containing antiretroviral therapy. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002, 156:497-503.
    • (2002) Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. , vol.156 , pp. 497-503
    • Nachman, S.A.1    Lindsey, J.C.2    Pelton, S.3
  • 50
    • 0037182766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lopinavir-ritonavir versus nelfinavir for the initial treatment of HIV infection
    • Walmsley S, Bernstein B, King M, et al.: Lopinavir-ritonavir versus nelfinavir for the initial treatment of HIV infection. N Engl J Med 2002, 346:2039-2046.
    • (2002) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.346 , pp. 2039-2046
    • Walmsley, S.1    Bernstein, B.2    King, M.3
  • 51
    • 0037344230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forty-eight-week evaluation of lopinavir/ritonavir, a new protease inhibitor, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children
    • Saez-Llorens X, Violari A, Deetz CO, et al.: Forty-eight-week evaluation of lopinavir/ritonavir, a new protease inhibitor, in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis 12003, 22:216-224.
    • (2003) Pediatr. Infect. Dis. , vol.22 , pp. 216-224
    • Saez-Llorens, X.1    Violari, A.2    Deetz, C.O.3
  • 52
    • 0033576814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy with efavirenz, nelfinavir, and nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 382 Team
    • Starr SE, Fletcher CV, Spector SA, et al.: Combination therapy with efavirenz, nelfinavir, and nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 382 Team. N Engl J Med 1999, 341:1874-1881.
    • (1999) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.341 , pp. 1874-1881
    • Starr, S.E.1    Fletcher, C.V.2    Spector, S.A.3
  • 54
    • 84932606365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triple nucleoside analogue therapy with zidovudine, lamivudine and abacavir in the pediatric HIV London South Net (PHILS-NET) cohort
    • [abstract] Barcelona
    • Wells CJ, Sharland M, Smith CJ, et al.: Triple nucleoside analogue therapy with zidovudine, lamivudine and abacavir in the pediatric HIV London South Net (PHILS-NET) cohort [abstract]. Proceedings of the XIV International AIDS Conference. Barcelona: 2002:4625.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the XIV International AIDS Conference , pp. 4625
    • Wells, C.J.1    Sharland, M.2    Smith, C.J.3
  • 55
    • 16244374444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Important interim results from a phase III, randomized, double-blind comparison of three protease-inhibitor-sparing regimens for the initial treatment of HIV infection
    • Department of Health and Human Services (AACTG Protocol A5095) Accessed July 10
    • Department of Health and Human Services: Important interim results from a phase III, randomized, double-blind comparison of three protease-inhibitor-sparing regimens for the initial treatment of HIV infection (AACTG Protocol A5095). http://www.niaid.nih.gov/daids/pdf/aactg_a5095.pdf. Accessed July, 10 2003.
    • (2003)
  • 57
    • 0346277507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea RMJ PACTG 1021: An ongoing phase I/II study of once-daily emtricitabine, didanosine, and efavirenz in therapy-naive or minimally treated pediatric patients
    • [abstract] Boston
    • McKinney R, Sea RMJ: PACTG 1021: an ongoing phase I/II study of once-daily emtricitabine, didanosine, and efavirenz in therapy-naive or minimally treated pediatric patients [abstract]. Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Boston: 2003.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • McKinney, R.1
  • 58
    • 0037251684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on antiretroviral drug resistance testing: Combining laboratory technology with patient care
    • Wilson JW: Update on antiretroviral drug resistance testing: combining laboratory technology with patient care. AIDS Read 2003, 13:25-28.
    • (2003) AIDS Read. , vol.13 , pp. 25-28
    • Wilson, J.W.1
  • 59
    • 0036020185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response to changes in antiretroviral therapy after genotyping in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children
    • Cohen NJ, Oram R, Elsen C, Englund JA: Response to changes in antiretroviral therapy after genotyping in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002, 21:647-653.
    • (2002) Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. , vol.21 , pp. 647-653
    • Cohen, N.J.1    Oram, R.2    Elsen, C.3    Englund, J.A.4
  • 60
    • 0036119126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance testing in children changing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor
    • Servais J, Hainaut M, Schmitz V, et al.: Resistance testing in children changing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002, 21:214-220.
    • (2002) Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. , vol.21 , pp. 214-220
    • Servais, J.1    Hainaut, M.2    Schmitz, V.3
  • 61
    • 0034685037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral therapy in adults: Updated recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA Panel
    • Carpenter CC, Cooper DA, Fischl MA, et al.: Antiretroviral therapy in adults: updated recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA Panel. JAMA 2000, 283:381-390.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 381-390
    • Carpenter, C.C.1    Cooper, D.A.2    Fischl, M.A.3
  • 62
    • 0035895674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and laboratory guidelines for the use of HIV-1 drug resistance testing as part of treatment management: Recommendations for the European setting
    • The EuroGUidelines Group for HIV resistance
    • The EuroGUidelines Group for HIV resistance: Clinical and laboratory guidelines for the use of HIV-1 drug resistance testing as part of treatment management: recommendations for the European setting. AIDS 2001, 15:309-320.
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 309-320
  • 63
    • 0033615280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced antiretroviral drug susceptibility among patients with primary HIV infection
    • Little SJ, Daar ES, D'Aquila RT, et al.: Reduced antiretroviral drug susceptibility among patients with primary HIV infection. JAMA 1999, 282:1142-1149.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 1142-1149
    • Little, S.J.1    Daar, E.S.2    D'Aquila, R.T.3
  • 64
    • 0034105783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 genotypic zidovudine drug resistance and the risk of maternal - Infant transmission in the women and infants transmission study
    • The Women and Infants Transmission Study Group
    • Welles SL, Pitt J, Colgrove R, et al.: HIV-1 genotypic zidovudine drug resistance and the risk of maternal - infant transmission in the women and infants transmission study. The Women and Infants Transmission Study Group. AIDS 2000, 14:263-271.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. 263-271
    • Welles, S.L.1    Pitt, J.2    Colgrove, R.3
  • 65
    • 17044454954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleoside analogs plus ritonavir in stable antiretroviral therapy-experienced HIV-infected children: A randomized controlled trial
    • Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 338 Study Team
    • Nachman SA, Stanley K, Yogev R, et al.: Nucleoside analogs plus ritonavir in stable antiretroviral therapy-experienced HIV-infected children: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 338 Study Team. JAMA 2000, 283:492-498.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 492-498
    • Nachman, S.A.1    Stanley, K.2    Yogev, R.3
  • 66
    • 0036020187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efavirenz liquid formulation in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children
    • Starr SE, Fletcher CV, Spector SA, et al.: Efavirenz liquid formulation in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002, 21:659-663.
    • (2002) Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. , vol.21 , pp. 659-663
    • Starr, S.E.1    Fletcher, C.V.2    Spector, S.A.3
  • 68
    • 0036020193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and antiretroviral activity of chronic subcutaneous administration of T-20 in human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected children
    • Church JA, Cunningham C, Hughes M, et al.: Safety and antiretroviral activity of chronic subcutaneous administration of T-20 in human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002, 21:653-659.
    • (2002) Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. , vol.21 , pp. 653-659
    • Church, J.A.1    Cunningham, C.2    Hughes, M.3
  • 69
    • 0346170040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of atazanavir with ritonavir or saquinavir versus lopinavir/ritonavir in combination with tenofovir and one NRTI in patients who have experienced virologic failure to multiple HAART regimens: 16-week results from BMS AI424-045
    • [abstract]
    • Badaro R, Dejesus CE, Lazzarin A, et al.: Efficacy and safety of atazanavir with ritonavir or saquinavir versus lopinavir/ritonavir in combination with tenofovir and one NRTI in patients who have experienced virologic failure to multiple HAART regimens: 16-week results from BMS AI424-045 [abstract]. Proceedings of the 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment. 2003:118.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment , pp. 118
    • Badaro, R.1    Dejesus, C.E.2    Lazzarin, A.3
  • 70
    • 0348061515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiviral efficacy, metabolic changes and safety of atazanavir (ATV) versus lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) in combination with 2 NRTIs in patients who have experienced virologic failure with prior picontaining regimen(s): 24-week results from BMS AI424-043
    • [abstract]
    • Nieto-Cisneros I, Zala C, Fessel J, et al.: Antiviral efficacy, metabolic changes and safety of atazanavir (ATV) versus lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/RTV) in combination with 2 NRTIs in patients who have experienced virologic failure with prior picontaining regimen(s): 24-week results from BMS AI424-043 [abstract]. Proceedings of the 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment. 2003:117.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment , pp. 117
    • Nieto-Cisneros, I.1    Zala, C.2    Fessel, J.3
  • 71
    • 33444467485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The LOPSAQ study: 24 week analysis of the double protease inhibitor (PI) salvage regimen containing lopinavir (LPV/R) plus saquinavir (SQV) without any additional antiretroviral (ART) therapy
    • [abstract]
    • Staszewski S, Dauer B, Von Hentig N, et al.: The LOPSAQ study: 24 week analysis of the double protease inhibitor (PI) salvage regimen containing lopinavir (LPV/R) plus saquinavir (SQV) without any additional antiretroviral (ART) therapy [abstract]. Proceedings of the 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment. 2003:583.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment , pp. 583
    • Staszewski, S.1    Dauer, B.2    Von Hentig, N.3
  • 74
    • 3142582564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiviral potency and tolerability of a convenient once a day direct observed therapy with amprenavir containing haart regimen in an antiretroviral naive, inner-city minority patients with poor HIV knowledge and very advanced AIDS
    • [abstract]
    • Jayaweera D, Tanner T, Nowak AM, et al.: Antiviral potency and tolerability of a convenient once a day direct observed therapy with amprenavir containing haart regimen in an antiretroviral naive, inner-city minority patients with poor HIV knowledge and very advanced AIDS. [abstract]. Proceedings from the International Conference on AIDS. 2002.
    • (2002) Proceedings from the International Conference on AIDS
    • Jayaweera, D.1    Tanner, T.2    Nowak, A.M.3
  • 75
    • 3142582564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct observed therapy (DOT) in HIV. Is it feasible in clinical practice? Problems associated with DOT an amprenavir containing HAART regimen in an antiretroviral naive, inner-city minority patient with poor HIV knowledge and very advanced AIDS
    • [abstract]
    • Jayaweera D, Tanner T, Nowak AM, et al.: Direct observed therapy (DOT) in HIV. Is it feasible in clinical practice? Problems associated with DOT an amprenavir containing HAART regimen in an antiretroviral naive, inner-city minority patient with poor HIV knowledge and very advanced AIDS [abstract]. Proceedings from the International Conference on AIDS. 2002.
    • (2002) Proceedings from the International Conference on AIDS
    • Jayaweera, D.1    Tanner, T.2    Nowak, A.M.3
  • 76
    • 0042126688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of directly observed therapy in highly nonadherent HIV-infected patients in an urban community-based institution
    • Khanlou H, Kandula VR, Yeh V, et al.: Pilot study of directly observed therapy in highly nonadherent HIV-infected patients in an urban community-based institution. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003, 33:651-653.
    • (2003) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.33 , pp. 651-653
    • Khanlou, H.1    Kandula, V.R.2    Yeh, V.3
  • 77
    • 0036531891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directly observed therapy for the treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus infection: A work in progress
    • Mitty JA, Stone VE, Sands M, et al.: Directly observed therapy for the treatment of people with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a work in progress. Clin Infect Dis 2002, 34:984-990.
    • (2002) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.34 , pp. 984-990
    • Mitty, J.A.1    Stone, V.E.2    Sands, M.3
  • 78
    • 0038014043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directly observed therapy (DOT) for individuals with HIV: Successes and challenges
    • Mitty JA, Macalino G, Taylor L, et al.: Directly observed therapy (DOT) for individuals with HIV: successes and challenges. Med Gen Med 2003, 5:30.
    • (2003) Med. Gen. Med. , vol.5 , pp. 30
    • Mitty, J.A.1    Macalino, G.2    Taylor, L.3
  • 79
    • 0036376785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Position paper on therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretroviral agents
    • Acosta EP, Gerber JG: Position paper on therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretroviral agents. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2002, 18:825-834.
    • (2002) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses , vol.18 , pp. 825-834
    • Acosta, E.P.1    Gerber, J.G.2
  • 80
    • 0036668103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured treatment interruptions as a potential alternative therapeutic regimen for HIV-infected patients: A review of recent clinical data and future prospects
    • Lori F, Foli A, Lisziewicz J: Structured treatment interruptions as a potential alternative therapeutic regimen for HIV-infected patients: a review of recent clinical data and future prospects. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002, 50:155-160.
    • (2002) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.50 , pp. 155-160
    • Lori, F.1    Foli, A.2    Lisziewicz, J.3
  • 81
    • 85039521538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel treatment strategies
    • 8-26-0003 Ref Type: Electronic Citation
    • Ward DJ: Novel treatment strategies. Medscape 2003 8-26-0003. Ref Type: Electronic Citation.
    • (2003) Medscape
    • Ward, D.J.1
  • 82
    • 0032750441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of optimal virological response to potent antiretroviral therapy
    • Powderly WG, Saag MS, Chapman S, et al.: Predictors of optimal virological response to potent antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1999, 13:1873-1880.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 1873-1880
    • Powderly, W.G.1    Saag, M.S.2    Chapman, S.3
  • 83
    • 0042431969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structured treatment interruption in patients with multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus
    • Lawrence J, Mayers DL, Hullsiek KH, et al.: Structured treatment interruption in patients with multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus. N Engl J Med 2003, 349:837-846.
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.349 , pp. 837-846
    • Lawrence, J.1    Mayers, D.L.2    Hullsiek, K.H.3
  • 86
    • 85039519353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • YRMPea: T-cell and virologic outcomes of a progressively increasing structured treatment interruption study in chronically-infected children and adolescents
    • [abstract] Boston
    • Borkowsky W: YRMPea: T-cell and virologic outcomes of a progressively increasing structured treatment interruption study in chronically-infected children and adolescents. [abstract]. Proceedings from the 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Boston; 2003.
    • (2003) Proceedings from the 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections
    • Borkowsky, W.1
  • 87
    • 0037231547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic complications of antiretroviral therapy in children
    • Leonard EG, McComsey GA: Metabolic complications of antiretroviral therapy in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003, 22:77-84.
    • (2003) Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. , vol.22 , pp. 77-84
    • Leonard, E.G.1    McComsey, G.A.2
  • 88
    • 0033783232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and metabolic presentation of the lipodystrophic syndrome in HIV-infected children
    • Jaquet D, Levine M, Ortega-Rodriguez E, et al.: Clinical and metabolic presentation of the lipodystrophic syndrome in HIV-infected children. AIDS 2000, 14:2123-2128.
    • (2000) AIDS , vol.14 , pp. 2123-2128
    • Jaquet, D.1    Levine, M.2    Ortega-Rodriguez, E.3
  • 90
    • 0035025392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial DNA depletion, near-fatal metabolic acidosis, and liver failure in an HIV-infected child treated with combination antiretroviral therapy
    • Church JA, Mitchell WG, Gonzalez-Gomez I, et al.: Mitochondrial DNA depletion, near-fatal metabolic acidosis, and liver failure in an HIV-infected child treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. J Pediatr 2001, 138:748-751.
    • (2001) J. Pediatr. , vol.138 , pp. 748-751
    • Church, J.A.1    Mitchell, W.G.2    Gonzalez-Gomez, I.3
  • 91
    • 0033604060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and perinatal exposure to antiretroviral nucleoside analogues
    • Blanche S, Tardieu M, Rustin P, et al.: Persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and perinatal exposure to antiretroviral nucleoside analogues. Lancet 1999, 354:1084-1089.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1084-1089
    • Blanche, S.1    Tardieu, M.2    Rustin, P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.