Ice-cored drumlins at the surge-type glacier Brúarjökull, Iceland: A transitional-state landform

Journal of Quaternary Science

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 85-93

  Schomacker, Anders ^a   Krüger, Johannes ^b   Kjær, Kurt H ^c  

^a LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Br arj kull; Drumlin; Glacier surge; Ice cored moraine; Iceland

Indexed keywords

DRUMLIN; GLACIAL LANDFORM; GLACIER SURGE;

ARCTIC; BRUARJOKULL; ICELAND;

EID: 31344445385     PISSN: 02678179     EISSN: 10991417     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jqs.949     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Andersson G. 1998. Genesis of hummocky moraine in the Bolmen area, southwestern Sweden. Boreas 27: 55-67.
2. Benn DI, Ballantyne CK. 1993. The description and representation of particle shape. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 18: 665-672.
3. Benn DI, Ballantyne CK. 1994. Reconstructing the transport history of glacigenic sediments: a new approach based on the co-variance of clast form indices. Sedimentary Geology 91: 215-227.
4. Benn DI, Evans DJA. 1996. The interpretation and classification of subglacially-deformed materials. Quaternary Science Reviews 15: 23-52.
5. Benn DI, Evans DJA. 1998. Glaciers and Glaciation. Arnold: London.
6. Bennett MR, Hambrey MJ, Huddart D. 1997. Modification of clast shape in high-Arctic glacial environments. Journal of Sedimentary Research 67: 550-559.
7. Björnsson H, Pálsson F, Guomundsson MT, Haraldsson HH. 1998. Mass balance of western and northern Vatnajökull, Iceland, 1991-1995. Jökull 45: 35-58.
8. Björnsson H, Pálsson F, Sigurosson O, Flowers GE. 2003. Surges of glaciers in Iceland. Annals of Glaciology 36: 82-90.
9. Boulton GS. 1967. The development of a complex supraglacial moraine at the margin of Sørbreen, Ny Friesland, Vestspitsbergen. Journal of Glaciology 6: 717-735.
10. Boulton GS. 1978. Boulder shapes and grain-size distributions of debris as indicators of transport paths through a glacier and till genesis. Sedimentology 25: 773-799.
11. Boulton GS. 1987. A theory of drumlin formation by subglacial sediment deformation. In Drumlin Symposium, Menzies J, Rose J (eds). Balkema: Rotterdam; 25-80.
12. Clapperton CM. 1975. The debris content of surging glaciers in Svalbard and Iceland. Journal of Glaciology 14: 395-406.
13. Clayton L. 1964. Karst topography on stagnant glaciers. Journal of Glaciology 5: 107-112.
14. Einarsson T. 1994. Geology of Iceland - rocks and landscape. Mál og Menning: Reykjavík.
15. Evans DJA, Lemmen DS, Rea BR. 1999. Glacial landsystems of the southwest Laurentide Ice Sheet: modern Icelandic analogues. Journal of Quaternary Science 14: 673-691.
16. Evans DJA, Rea BR. 2003. Surging glacier landsystem. In Glacial Landsystems, Evans DJA (ed.). Arnold: London; 259-288.
17. Glasser NF, Hambrey MJ. 2002. Sedimentary facies and landform genesis at a temperate outlet glacier: Soler Glacier, North Patagonian Icefield. Sedimentology 49: 43-64.
18. Glückert G. 1973. Two large drumlin fields in central Finland. Fennia 120: 3-37.
19. Hart JK. 1995. Recent drumlins, flutes and lineations at Vestari-Hagafellsjökull, Iceland. Journal of Glaciology 4l: 596-606.
20. Hart JK. 1999. Identifying fast ice flow from landform assemblages in the geological record: a discussion. Annals of Glaciology 28: 59-66.
21. Hill AR. 1973. The distribution of drumlins in County Down, Ireland. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 63: 226-240.
22. Houmark-Nielsen M, Kjær KH. 2003. Southwest Scandinavia, 40-15 kyr BP: palaeogeography and environmental change. Journal of Quaternary Science 18: 769-786.
23. Jørgensen F, Piotrowski JA. 2003. Signature of the Baltic Ice Stream on Funen Island, Denmark during the Weichselian glaciation. Boreas 32: 242-255.
24. Kjær KH, Krüger J. 1998. Does clast size influence fabric strength? Journal of Sedimentary Research 68: 746-749.
25. Kjær, KH. 1999. Mode of subglacial transport deduced from till properties, Mýrdalsjökull, Iceland. Sedimentary Geology 128: 271-292.
26. Kjær KH, Krüger J. 2001. The final phase of dead-ice moraine development: processes and sediment architecture, Kötlujökull, Iceland. Sedimentology 48: 935-952.
27. Kjær KH, Krüger J, van der Meer JJM. 2003. What causes till thickness to change over distance? Answers from Mýrdalsjökull, Iceland. Quaternary Science Reviews 22: 1687-1700.
28. Krüger J. 1969. Landskabsformer i sydlige Sjælland. Studier over glaciallandskabets morfologi, opbygning og dannelse. Geografisk Tidsskrift 68: 105-212.
29. Krüger J. 1979. Structures and textures in till indicating subglacial deposition. Boreas 8: 323-340.
30. Krüger J. 1984. Clasts with stoss-lee form in lodgement tills: a discussion. Journal of Glaciology 30: 241-243.
31. Krüger J. 1987. Relation of drumlin shape and distribution to drumlin stratigraphy and glacial history, Mýrdalsjökull, Iceland. In Drumlin Symposium, Menzies J, Rose J (eds). Balkema: Rotterdam; 257-266.
32. Krüger J. 1994. Glacial processes, sediments, landforms, and stratigraphy in the terminus region of Mýrdalsjökull, Iceland. Folia Geographica Danica 21: 1-233.
33. Krüger J, Kjær KH. 1999. A data chart for field description and genetic interpretation of glacial diamicts and associated sediments - with examples from Greenland, Iceland and Denmark. Boreas 28: 386-402.
34. Krüger J, Kjær KH. 2000. De-icing progression of ice-cored moraines in a humid, subpolar climate, Kötlujökull, Iceland. The Holocene 10: 737-747.
35. Krüger J, Thomsen HH. 1984. Morphology, stratigraphy, and genesis of small drumlins in front of the glacier Mýrdalsjökull, South Iceland. Journal of Glaciology 30: 94-105.
36. Menzies J. 1979. A review of the literature on the formation and location of drumlins. Earth-Science Reviews 14: 315-359.
37. Menzies J, Rose J (eds). 1987. Drumlin Symposium. Balkema: Rotterdam.
38. Patterson CJ, Hooke RL. 1995. Physical environment of drumlin formation. Journal of Glaciology 41: 30-38.
39. Powers MC. 1953. A new roundness scale for sedimentary particles. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 2: 117-119.
40. Rattas M, Piotrowski JA. 2003. Influence of bedrock permeability and till grain size on the formation of the Saadjärve drumlin field, Estonia, under an east-Baltic Weichselian ice stream. Boreas 32: 167-177.
41. Ringberg B. 2003. Readvance and retreat of the Late Weichselian Low Baltic ice stream in southernmost Sweden - a review. GFF 125: 169-176.
42. Schomacker A. 2003. Glacial processes, sediments, and landforms in the marginal region of Brøggerbreane, northwest Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Unpublished cand. scient thesis: University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
43. Selsing L. 1980. Dødisområdet ved Brorfelde, Nordvest-Sjælland. Dansk Geologisk Forening Årsskrift for 1979: 85-97.
44. Selsing, L. 1981. Stress analysis on conjugate normal faults in unconsolidated Weichselian glacial sediments from Brorfelde, Denmark. Boreas 10: 275-279.
45. Sharp M. 1985. 'Crevasse-fill' ridges-a landform type characteristic of surging glaciers? Geografiska Annaler 67A: 213-220.
46. Shaw J. 1983. Drumlin formation related to inverted melt-water erosional marks. Journal of Glaciology 29: 461-479.
47. Shaw J, Kvill D, Rains, B. 1989. Drumlins and catastrophic subglacial floods. Sedimentary Geology 62: 177-202.
48. Shoemaker EM. 1999. Subglacial water-sheet floods, drumlins and ice-sheet lobes. Journal of Glaciology 45: 201-213.
49. Sletten K, Lyså A, Lønne I. 2001. Formation and disintegration of a high-arctic ice-cored moraine complex, Scott Turnerbreen, Svalbard. Boreas 30: 272-284.
50. Stokes CR, Clark CD. 2002. Are long subglacial bedforms indicative of fast ice flow? Boreas 31: 239-249.
51. Thorarinsson S. 1964. On the age of the terminal moraines of Brúarjökull and Hálsajökull. Jökull 14: 67-75.
52. Thorarinsson S. 1969. Glacier surges in Iceland, with special reference to the surges of Brúarjökull. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 6: 875-882.
53. Todtmann EM. 1957. Am östlichen Rand des Brúarjökull, Nordrand des Vatnajökull (Island). August/September 1956. Neue Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie 1957: 316-326.
54. Todtmann EM. 1960. Gletscherforschungen auf Island (Vatnajökull). Universität Hamburg. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiet der Auslandskunde 65C: 1-95.
55. van Vliet-Lanoë B, Bourgeois O, Dauteuil O. 1998. Thufur formation in northern Iceland and its relation to Holocene climate change. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes 9: 347-365.
56. Whittecar GR, Mickelson DM. 1979. Composition, internal structures, and a hypothesis of formation for drumlins, Waukesha County, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Journal of Glaciology 22: 357-371.