Morphological and chemical variations between juvenile wood, mature wood, and compression wood of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.)

Holzforschung

Volumn 60, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 1-8

  Yeh, Ting Feng ^a   Braun, Jennifer L ^b   Goldfarb, Barry ^a   Chang, Hou Min ^a   Kadla, John F ^a,b  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Cellulolytic enzyme lignin (CEL); Compression wood; Crystallilte dimension; Fiber quality analysis (FQA); Juvenile wood; Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda); Mature wood; Microfibril angle; Nitrobenzene oxidation; NMR spectroscopy; Ozonation; Sugar analysis

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDATION; WOOD PRODUCTS; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

MICROFIBRIL ANGLE; NITROBENZENE OXIDATION; OZONATION; SUGAR ANALYSIS;

FORESTRY;

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; FORESTRY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; OXIDATION; WOOD PRODUCTS;

PINUS TAEDA;

EID: 31144458149     PISSN: 00183830     EISSN: 1437434X     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/HF.2006.001     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Adler, E., Brunow, G., Lundquist, K. (1987) Investigation of the acid-catalysed alkylation of lignins by means of NMR spectroscopic methods. Holzforschung 41:199-207.
2. Akiyama, T., Sugimoto, T., Matsumoto, Y., Meshitsuka, G. (2002) Erythro/threo ratio of β-O-4 structures as an important structural characteristic of lignin. I: Improvement of ozonation method for the quantitative analysis of lignin side-chain structure. J. Wood Sci. 48:210-215.
3. Akiyama, T., Matsumoto, Y., Okuyama, T., Meshitsuka, G. (2003) Ratio of erythro and threo form of β-O-4 structures in tension wood lignin. Phytochemistry 64:1157-1162.
4. Akiyama, T., Goto, H., Nawawi, D.S., Syafii, W., Matsumoto, Y., Meshitsuka, G. (2005) Erythro/threo ratio of β-O-4-structures as an important structural characteristic of lignin. Part 4: Variation in the erythro/threo ratio in softwood and hardwood lignins and its relation to syringyl/guaiacyl ratio. Holzforschung 59:276-281.
5. Balakshin, M.Y., Capanema, E., Goldfarb, B., Frampton, J., Kadla, J.F. (2005) NMR studies on Fraser fir Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. lignins. Holzforschung 59:488-496.
6. Bjorkman, A. (1956) Studies on finely divided wood. Part I. Extractions of lignin with neutral solvents. Svensk Papperstid. 59:477-485.
7. Bouveng, H., Meier, H. (1959) Studies on a galactan from Norwegian spruce compression wood (Picea abies Karst.). Acta Chem. Scand. 13:1884-1889.
8. Capanema, E.A., Balakshin, M.Y., Kadla, J.F. (2004) A comprehensive approach for quantitative lignin characterization by NMR spectroscopy. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52:1850-1860.
9. Chang, H.M., Allan, G.G. (1971) Oxidation. In: Lignin: Occurrence, Formation, Structure and Reactions. Eds. Sarkanen, K.V., Ludwig, C.H. Wiley-Interscience, New York. pp. 433-485.
10. Chang, H.M., Cowling, E.B., Brown, W. (1975) Comparative studies on cellulolytic enzyme lignin and milled wood lignin of sweetgum and spruce. Holzforschung 29:153-159.
11. Chen, C.L. (1992) Nitrobenzene and cupric oxide oxidation. In: Methods in Lignin Chemistry. Eds. Lin, S.Y., Dence, C.W. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. pp. 301-321.
12. Coimbra, M.A., Delgadillo, I., Waldron, K.W., Selvendran, R. (1996) Isolation and analysis of cell wall polymers from olive pulp. In: Modern Methods of Plant Analysis. Eds. Linskens, H.F., Jackson, J.F. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. pp. 33-44.
13. Dence, C.W. (1992) The determination of lignin. In: Methods in Lignin Chemistry. Eds. Lin, S.Y., Dence, C.W. Springer-Verlag, Berlin/New York. pp. 34-35.
14. Donaldson, L.A. (1992) Within- and between-tree variation in microfibril angle in Pinus radiata. NZ J. For. Sci. 22:77-86.
15. Hatton, J.V., Hunt, K. (1993) Wood density and chemical properties of second-growth lodgepole pine. Pulp Pap. Can. 94:140-141.
16. Jiang, K.-S., Timell, T.E. (1972) Polysaccharides in compression wood of tamarack (Larix laricina). Svensk Papperstid. 75:592-594.
17. Krassig, H.A. (1993) Cellulose: Structure, Accessibility, and Reactivity. Gordon and Breach Science, Switzerland. pp. 91-92.
18. Kretschmann, D.F., Alden, H.A., Verrill, S. (1998) Variations of microfibril angle in loblolly pine: Comparison of iodine crystallization and X-ray diffraction techniques. In: Microfibril Angle in Wood. Ed. Butterfield, B.G. International Association of Wood Anatomists, International Union of Forestry Research Organizations, Christchurch. pp. 157-176.
19. Lotfy, M., El-Osta, M., Kellogg, R.M., Foschi, R.O., Butters, R.G. (1973) A direct X-ray technique for measuring microfibril angle. Wood Fiber Sci. 5:118-128.
20. 1H NMR spectroscopy. Acta Chem. Scand. B 34:21-26.
21. Marton, R., Rushton, P., Sacco, J.S., Sumiya, K. (1972) Dimensions and ultrastructure in growing fibers. Tappi J. 55:1499-1504.
22. Matsumoto, Y., Ishizu, A., Nakano, J. (1986) Studies of chemical structure of lignin by ozonation. Holzforschung 40:81-85.
23. Megraw, R.A. Wood Quality Factors in Loblolly Pine. Tappi Press, Atlanta, GA, USA, 1985.
24. Minor, J.L. (1982) Chemical linkage of pine polysaccharides to lignin. J. Wood Chem. Technol. 2:1-16.
25. Mukoyoshi, S., Azuma, J., Koshijima, T. (1981) Lignin-carbohydrate complexes from compression wood of Pinus densiflora Sieb et. Zucc. Holzforschung 35:233-240.
26. Nanayakkara, B., Manley-Harris, M., Suckling, I.D., Donaldson, L.A. (2005) Chemical characterization of compression wood in Pinus radiata. In: 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (13th ISWFPC), Auckland, New Zealand. pp. 585-592.
27. Newman, R.H., Hemmingson, J.A., Butterfield, B.G. (2005) A micro-analytical approach to the carbohydrate chemistry of compression wood. In: 13th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (13th ISWFPC), Auckland, New Zealand./ pp. 593-596.
28. Obst, J.R. (1982) Frequency and alkali resistance of lignin-carbohydrate bonds in wood. Tappi J. 65:109-112.
29. Plomion, C., Leprovost, G., Stokes, A. (2001) Wood formation in trees. Plant Physiol. 127:1513-1523.
30. Sahlberg, U., Salmen, L., Oscarsson, A. (1997) The fibrillar orientation in the S2-layer of wood fibres as determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Wood Sci. Technol. 31:77-86.
31. Schreuder, H.R., Cote, W.A., Timell, T.E. (1966) Studies on compression wood. Part 3. Isolation and characterization of a galactan from compression wood of red spruce. Svensk Papperstid. 69:641-657.
32. Sykes, R.F., Isik, F., Li, B., Kadla, J.F., Chang, H.M. (2003) Genetic variation of juvenile wood properties in a loblolly pine progeny test. Tappi J. 2:3-8.
33. Tanaka, F., Koshijima, T., Okuyama, T. (1981) Characterization of cellulose in compression wood and opposite woods of a Pinus densiflora tree grown under the influence of strong wind. Wood Sci. Technol. 15:265-273.
34. Tappi standard (1988) T 264 om-88, Preparation of wood for chemical analysis.
35. Timell, T.E. Compression Wood in Gymnosperms. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1986.
36. Vonk, C.G. (1973) Computerization of Ruland's X-ray method for determination of the crystallinity in polymers. J. Appl. Cryst. 6:148-152.
37. Wilkes, J. (1987) Review of the significance of variations in wood structure in the utilization of Pinus radiata. Aust. For. Res. 17:215-232.
38. Yeh, T.F., Goldfarb, B., Chang, H.M., Peszlen, I., Braun, J.L., Kadla, J.F. (2005a) Comparison of morphological and chemical properties between juvenile wood and compression wood of loblolly pine. Holzforschung 59:669-674.
39. Yeh, T.F., Yamada, T., Capanema, E., Chang, H.M., Chiang, V., Kadla, J.F. (2005b) Rapid screening of wood chemical component variations using transmittance near infrared spectroscopy. J. Agric. Food Chem. 3328-3332.
40. Yokoyama, T., Kadla, J.F., Chang, H.M. (2002) Microanalytical method for the characterization of fiber components and morphology of woody plants. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 1040-1044.
41. Zhu, J., Tadooka, N., Takata, K. (2005) Growth and wood quality of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) planted in Akita prefecture (II). Juvenile/mature wood determination of aged trees. J. Wood Sci. 51:95-101.
42. Zobel, B.J. (1975) Using the juvenile wood concept in the southern pines. South. Pulp Pap. Manuf. 38:14-16.
43. Zobel, B.J. (1981) Wood quality from fast-grown plantation. Tappi J. 64:71-74.
44. Zobel, B.J. (1984) The changing quality of the world wood supply. Wood Sci. Technol. 18:1-17.
45. Zobel, B.J., van Buijtenen, J.P. Wood Variation: Its Causes and Control. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989.