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Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 67-87

Planning reunification: The planning history of the fall of the Berlin Wall

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY; PLANNING HISTORY; TERRITORIAL REUNIFICATION; URBAN RENEWAL;

EID: 31144455192     PISSN: 02665433     EISSN: 14664518     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02665430500397329     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (51)
  • 1
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    • Districts in which new capital-city functions were to be developed ceded their planning authority over these to another entity as part of the 1992 Capital City Agreement. Berlin: Edition Luisenstadt
    • Districts in which new capital-city functions were to be developed ceded their planning authority over these to another entity as part of the 1992 Capital City Agreement. Herbert Schwenk, Berliner Stadtentwicklung von A bis Z. Berlin: Edition Luisenstadt, 1998, p. 230.
    • (1998) Berliner Stadtentwicklung Von A Bis Z , pp. 230
    • Schwenk, H.1
  • 2
    • 31144436829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • This is on a building facade incorporated into the side of the Gemaeldegalerie, at the edge of the former West Berlin
    • This is on a building facade incorporated into the side of the Gemaeldegalerie, at the edge of the former West Berlin.
  • 3
    • 31144476169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evisceration of the Palast der Republik has been much reported on, but it continues to exemplify both the conflicts embodied in architectural structures and shifting attitudes toward the past. A recent testament to this can be found in an interview with Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas that an anonymous reviewer of this essay brought to my attention, 'Es war ein Verbrechen, den Palast der Republik nicht zu retten' ['It was a crime not to save the Palace of the Republic'], Spiegel online 27 April
    • The evisceration of the Palast der Republik has been much reported on, but it continues to exemplify both the conflicts embodied in architectural structures and shifting attitudes toward the past. A recent testament to this can be found in an interview with Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas that an anonymous reviewer of this essay brought to my attention, 'Es war ein Verbrechen, den Palast der Republik nicht zu retten' ['It was a crime not to save the Palace of the Republic'], Spiegel online 27 April 2004.
    • (2004)
  • 4
    • 0004012050 scopus 로고
    • See, for example, (New York: Oxford University Press) especially chapters 8 and 9, on the process of East Germany's accession. Here, it is also worth noting, as an anonymous reviewer of this essay pointed out, that even the term 'reunification' is loaded, for it emphasizes the restoration of a pre-existing status rather than the constitution of a new state. 'Unification' suggests the union of two equal partners and is the term used in the official agreement, the Einigungsvertrag. The term 'reunification' is used here in relation to Berlin, where it may seem less fraught, to reflect the dominance of the West not only in the process of political change but in other realms as well, such as planning
    • See, for example, Konrad H. Jarausch, The Rush to German Unity (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), especially chapters 8 and 9, on the process of East Germany's accession. Here, it is also worth noting, as an anonymous reviewer of this essay pointed out, that even the term 'reunification' is loaded, for it emphasizes the restoration of a pre-existing status rather than the constitution of a new state. 'Unification' suggests the union of two equal partners and is the term used in the official agreement, the Einigungsvertrag. The term 'reunification' is used here in relation to Berlin, where it may seem less fraught, to reflect the dominance of the West not only in the process of political change but in other realms as well, such as planning.
    • (1994) The Rush to German Unity
    • Jarausch, K.H.1
  • 5
    • 31144472915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Basic Law of 1949 mandates the creation of equal living standards. Johannes Wieczorek, The German Planning System. Presentation to the Fulbright German Studies Seminar, Berlin, 11 June
    • The Basic Law of 1949 mandates the creation of equal living standards. Johannes Wieczorek, The German Planning System. Presentation to the Fulbright German Studies Seminar, Berlin, 11 June 2001.
    • (2001)
  • 6
    • 2142660411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berlin: Open City, The City on Exhibition
    • Berlin: Nicolai Verlag, Christo and Jeanne-Claude's 1995 'Wrapped Reichstag' is perhaps the best-known emblem of the celebratory spirit of this time
    • Berlin: Open City, The City on Exhibition. Berlin: Nicolai Verlag, 1999. Christo and Jeanne-Claude's 1995 'Wrapped Reichstag' is perhaps the best-known emblem of the celebratory spirit of this time.
    • (1999)
  • 10
    • 19844382715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Monumentality of Rhetoric: The Will to Rebuild in Postwar Berlin
    • For discussions of early post-war planning initiatives, see Sarah Williams Goldhagen and Rejean Legault (eds) Montreal and Cambridge: Canadian Centre for Architecture and MIT Press
    • For discussions of early post-war planning initiatives, see Francesca Rogier, The Monumentality of Rhetoric: The Will to Rebuild in Postwar Berlin, in Sarah Williams Goldhagen and Rejean Legault (eds) Anxious Modernisms: Experimentation in Postwar Architectural Culture. Montreal and Cambridge: Canadian Centre for Architecture and MIT Press, 2000, pp. 168-89;
    • (2000) Anxious Modernisms: Experimentation in Postwar Architectural Culture , pp. 168-189
    • Rogier, F.1
  • 11
    • 31144455685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attempts at a National New Beginning
    • and in Thorsten Scheer, Josef Paul Kleihues and Paul Kahlfeldt (eds) Berlin: Nicolai
    • and Gerrit Confurius, Attempts at a National New Beginning, in Thorsten Scheer, Josef Paul Kleihues and Paul Kahlfeldt (eds) City of Architecture, Architecture of the City, Berlin 1900-2000. Berlin: Nicolai, 2000, pp. 215-27.
    • (2000) City of Architecture, Architecture of the City, Berlin 1900-2000 , pp. 215-227
    • Confurius, G.1
  • 13
    • 31144445841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developments in Urban Design and Architecture, 1990-2000
    • An exception to this was the plan in the 1980s to construct a German history museum to designs by Aldo Rossi on the site that soon became the Federal government quarter. See in Thorsten Scheer et al.
    • An exception to this was the plan in the 1980s to construct a German history museum to designs by Aldo Rossi on the site that soon became the Federal government quarter. See Peter Rumpf, Developments in Urban Design and Architecture, 1990-2000, in Thorsten Scheer et al., op. cit. [10], pp.362
    • City of Architecture, Architecture of the City, Berlin 1900-2000 , pp. 362
    • Rumpf, P.1
  • 16
    • 31144447653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sixteen Principles of Urban Design and the Athens Charter?
    • It should be added that a year earlier, a competition for housing development was organized in East Berlin that included equal representation by East and West practitioners both on the jury and among the participants; first prize went to West German architect Ernst May. in Thorsten Scheer et al
    • It should be added that a year earlier, a competition for housing development was organized in East Berlin that included equal representation by East and West practitioners both on the jury and among the participants; first prize went to West German architect Ernst May. See Dorothea Tscheschner, Sixteen Principles of Urban Design and the Athens Charter?, in Thorsten Scheer et al., op. cit. [10], pp259-69.
    • City of Architecture, Architecture of the City, Berlin 1900-2000 , pp. 259-269
    • Tscheschner, D.1
  • 17
    • 31144433403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Districts in which new capital-city functions were to be developed ceded their planning authority over these to another entity as part of the 1992 Capital City Agreement. Berlin: Edition Luisenstadt
    • H. Schwenk, op. cit. [1], p. 284.
    • (1998) Berliner Stadtentwicklung Von A Bis Z , pp. 284
    • Schwenk, H.1
  • 18
    • 0001853247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privatization and Its Discontents: Property Rights in Land and Housing in the Transition in Eastern Europe
    • G. Andrusz, M. Harloe and I. Szelenyi (eds) Oxford: Blackwell
    • Peter Marcuse, Privatization and Its Discontents: Property Rights in Land and Housing in the Transition in Eastern Europe, in G. Andrusz, M. Harloe and I. Szelenyi (eds) Cities After Socialism: Urban and Regional Change and Conflict in Post-Socialist Societies. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996, p. 137;
    • (1996) Cities After Socialism: Urban and Regional Change and Conflict in Post-Socialist Societies , pp. 137
    • Marcuse, P.1
  • 20
    • 0034911385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socialist Planning and the Rediscovery of the Old City in the German Democratic Republic
    • On historic preservation in the GDR, see (July)
    • On historic preservation in the GDR, see Brian Ladd, Socialist Planning and the Rediscovery of the Old City in the German Democratic Republic. Journal of Urban History 27 (July 2001) 584-603;
    • (2001) Journal of Urban History , vol.27 , pp. 584-603
    • Ladd, B.1
  • 28
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    • Pre-war street patterns in the central city were destroyed in East Berlin also; the redevelopment of Fischerinsel in an example of this
    • Pre-war street patterns in the central city were destroyed in East Berlin also; the redevelopment of Fischerinsel in an example of this.
  • 30
    • 31144446336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Between Arkonaplatz and the Nikolaiviertel
    • notes that this was a result of Hans Stimmann's study of East Berlin city renewal efforts
    • S. Hain, op. cit. [17], p. 339, notes that this was a result of Hans Stimmann's study of East Berlin city renewal efforts.
    • Hain, S.1
  • 31
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    • New Berlin Office and Commercial Buildings
    • Berlin: Annegret Burg, Birkhaeuser Verlag
    • Hans Stimmann, New Berlin Office and Commercial Buildings, in Annegret Burg, Downtown Berlin: Building the Metropolitan Mix. Berlin: Birkhaeuser Verlag, 1995, p. 11.
    • (1995) Downtown Berlin: Building the Metropolitan Mix , pp. 11
    • Stimmann, H.1
  • 32
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    • Berlin: Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz
    • Bericht Ueber die Planungen im Grenznahen Raum. Berlin: Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz, 1991.
    • (1991) Bericht Ueber Die Planungen Im Grenznahen Raum
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    • Stadt-Gedaechtnis: Erinnerung an die Berliner Mauer
    • Gerwin Zohlen, Stadt-Gedaechtnis: Erinnerung an die Berliner Mauer. Foyer 4 (1994) 52.
    • (1994) Foyer , vol.4 , pp. 52
    • Zohlen, G.1
  • 35
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    • Berlin: Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz
    • Stadtforum: Stadtidee Berlin. Berlin: Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz, 1992.
    • (1992) Stadtforum: Stadtidee Berlin
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    • Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz
    • Berlin: D & D Verlag
    • Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz, Projekte der Raeumlichen Planung. Berlin: D & D Verlag, 1993, p. 16.
    • (1993) Projekte Der Raeumlichen Planung , pp. 16
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    • Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz
    • Berlin: D & D Verlag
    • Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz, Projekte der Raeumlichen Planung: Fortschreibung, Berlin: D & D Verlag, 1995.
    • (1995) Projekte Der Raeumlichen Planung: Fortschreibung
  • 39
    • 31144477280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • At the federal level, there is a comparable effort to establish a nature preserve along the entire 1400 km length of the former border between East and West Germany. Called Das Gruene Band (the Green Ribbon), this is a project of the Bund fuer Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland in coordination with many regional organizations.
  • 40
    • 31144464492 scopus 로고
    • London: Academy Group
    • Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani, Berlin Tomorrow. London: Academy Group, 1991, p. 31.
    • (1991) Berlin Tomorrow , pp. 31
    • Lampugnani, V.M.1
  • 41
    • 65849458441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dual-language volume that reflects these sensibilities is Polly Feversham and Leo Schmidt, Berlin: Verlag Bauwesen
    • A dual-language volume that reflects these sensibilities is Polly Feversham and Leo Schmidt, Die Berliner Mauer heute/The Berlin Wall Today. Berlin: Verlag Bauwesen, 1999.
    • (1999) Die Berliner Mauer Heute/The Berlin Wall Today
  • 43
    • 31144470208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berlin: Fraktion Buendnis 90/Die Gruenen
    • Berliner Mauerstreifzuege. Berlin: Fraktion Buendnis 90/Die Gruenen, 2001.
    • (2001) Berliner Mauerstreifzuege
  • 44
    • 31144455690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In some central-city areas there is a double row of cobblestones along the pavement, implanted at intervals with bronze plaques that read 'Berlin Mauer 1961-1989'. This follows the line of the exterior, West-facing Wall, indicating the district border but not giving a sense of the Wall zone in its entirety
    • In some central-city areas there is a double row of cobblestones along the pavement, implanted at intervals with bronze plaques that read 'Berlin Mauer 1961-1989'. This follows the line of the exterior, West-facing Wall, indicating the district border but not giving a sense of the Wall zone in its entirety.
  • 45
    • 31144464492 scopus 로고
    • The Planwerk Innenstadt (central city planning document) that was proposed in 1996 and ratified in 1999 embodies the revival of Berlin's traditional ground-plan and block structure. It was produced by Western planners
    • Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani, op. cit. [34], p. 45. The Planwerk Innenstadt (central city planning document) that was proposed in 1996 and ratified in 1999 embodies the revival of Berlin's traditional ground-plan and block structure. It was produced by Western planners;
    • (1991) Berlin Tomorrow , pp. 45
    • Lampugnani, V.M.1
  • 47
    • 31144471600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • October
    • Im Spannungsfeld von 'gewollten' und 'gewordenen' historischen Zeitzeugnissen muss die Berliner Mauer zur Erinnerung an die Spaltung der Stadt und deren Wiedervereinigung eindeutig als ein gewordenes Denkmal bezeichnet werden. Abgeordnetenhaus von Berlin, Drucksache 14/1592, 11
    • Im Spannungsfeld von 'gewollten' und 'gewordenen' historischen Zeitzeugnissen muss die Berliner Mauer zur Erinnerung an die Spaltung der Stadt und deren Wiedervereinigung eindeutig als ein gewordenes Denkmal bezeichnet werden. Abgeordnetenhaus von Berlin, Drucksache 14/ 1592, 11 October 2001.
    • (2001)
  • 48
    • 31144445339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • May
    • quoted in Eva Gerlach, Birgit Kahl, and Gabriele Schmitz, Berlin am Mauerstreifen: Ein besonderer Ort in der Stadt zwischen Umgestaltung und Erinnerung. Diplomarbeit in Studiengang Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Technischen Universitaet Berlin
    • Dieter Hoffmann-Axthelm, quoted in Eva Gerlach, Birgit Kahl, and Gabriele Schmitz, Berlin am Mauerstreifen: Ein besonderer Ort in der Stadt zwischen Umgestaltung und Erinnerung. Diplomarbeit in Studiengang Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Technischen Universitaet Berlin, May 1999, p. 7.
    • (1999) , pp. 7
    • Hoffmann-Axthelm, D.1
  • 50
    • 31144435161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Among the numerous photographic essays, see, for example, Berlin: Nikolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung Beuermann
    • Among the numerous photographic essays, see, for example, Thomas Friedrich and Harry Hampel, Wo die Mauer war/Where was the Wall?. Berlin: Nikolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung Beuermann, 1996.
    • (1996) Wo Die Mauer War/Where Was the Wall?
    • Friedrich, T.1    Hampel, H.2
  • 51
    • 31144433404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The most recent addition to this literature is Berlin: Westkreuz Verlag
    • The most recent addition to this literature is Axel Klausmeier and Leo Schmidt, Mauerreste - Mauerspuren. Berlin: Westkreuz Verlag, 2004.
    • (2004) Mauerreste - Mauerspuren
    • Klausmeier, A.1    Schmidt, L.2


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