Effects of initial sowing rate and subsequent grazing management on the growth and clover content of irrigated white clover-perennial ryegrass swards in northern Victoria

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture

Volumn 45, Issue 12, 2005, Pages 1595-1602

  Kelly, K B ^a   Stockdale, C R ^a   Mason, W K ^a,b  

^a DEPARTMENT OF PRIMARY INDUSTRIES   (Australia)

^b RPC Solutions   (Australia)

Author keywords

Frequency of defoliation; Intensity of defoliation; Nutritive characteristics; Photosynthesis

Indexed keywords

DAIRY FARMING; DIGESTIBILITY; GRAZING MANAGEMENT; PASTURE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS;

AUSTRALASIA; AUSTRALIA; VICTORIA [AUSTRALIA];

BOS TAURUS; LOLIUM; LOLIUM PERENNE; TRIFOLIUM; TRIFOLIUM REPENS;

EID: 31044450759     PISSN: 08161089     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/EA04121     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Brock JL, Albrecht KA, Tilbrook LC, Hay MJM (2000) Morphology of white clover during development from seed to clonal populations in grazed pastures. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 135, 103-111. doi:10.1017/ S0021859699008060
2. Brock JL, Hay MJM (2001) White clover performance in sown pastures: a biological/ecological perspective. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 63, 73-83.
3. Brock JL, Hay MJM, Thomas VJ, Sedcole JR (1988) Morphology of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) plants in pastures under intensive sheep grazing. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 111, 273-283.
4. Clarke T, Flinn PC, McGowan AA (1982) Low cost pepsin-cellulase assays for prediction of digestibility of herbage. Grass and Forage Science 37, 147-150.
5. Connor DJ, Palta JA, Jones TR (1985) Response of sunflower to strategies of irrigation. 3. Crop photosynthesis and transpiration. Field Crops Research 12, 281-293. doi:10.1016/0378-4290(85) 90075-9
6. Doyle PT, Stockdale CR, Lawson AR, Cohen DC (2000) 'Pastures for dairy production in Victoria.' 2nd edn. (Kyabram Dairy Centre: Kyabram, Vic.)
7. Earle DF, McGowan AA (1979) Evaluation and calibration of a rising plate meter for estimating pasture dry matter yield. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 19, 337-343. doi:10.1071/EA9790337
8. Frame J, Newbould P (1986) Agronomy of white clover. Advances in Agronomy 40, 1-88.
9. Fulkerson WJ, Slack K (1995) Leaf number as a criterion for determining defoliation time for Lolium perenne. 2. Effect of defoliation frequency and height. Grass and Forage Science 50, 16-20.
10. Fulkerson WJ, Slack K, Moore K, Rolfe C (1993) Management of Lolium perenne/Trilfolium repens pastures in the subtropics. I. Effect of defoliation interval, seeding rate and application of N and lime. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, 1947-1958. doi:10.1071/AR9931947
11. Harris W, Thomas VJ (1973) Competition among pasture plants. III. Effects of frequency and height of cutting on competition between white clover and two ryegrass cultivars. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 16, 49-58.
12. Isbell RF (1996) 'The Australian soil classification.' (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne)
13. Kelly KB, Stockdale CR, Mason WK (2005a) The productivity of irrigated legumes in northern Victoria. 1. Effect of irrigation interval. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, 1567-1576.
14. Kelly KB, Stockdale CR, Mason WK (2005b) The productivity of irrigated legumes in northern Victoria. 2. Effects of grazing management. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, 1577-1585.
15. Laidlaw AS, Stewart TA (1987) Clover development in the sixth to ninth year of a grass/clover sward as affected by out-of-season management and spring fertiliser nitrogen application. Research and Development in Agriculture 4, 155-160.
16. Lawson AR, Kelly KB, Sale PWG (1997) Effect of defoliation frequency on an irrigated perennial pasture in northern Victoria. 1. Seasonal production and sward composition. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, 811-817. doi:10.1071/A96088
17. Mason WK (1993) 'White clover, a key to increasing milk yields.' (Daratech: Melbourne)
18. Mason W, Kelly K, Blaikie S, Stockdale R (1987) New directions for irrigated pasture. In 'Proceedings of the 4th Australian Society of Agronomy conference'. (Ed. TG Reeves) pp. 100-117. (The Australian Society of Agronomy Inc.: Parkville, Vic.)
19. Mitchell KJ (1956) Growth of pasture species under controlled environment. I. Growth at various levels of constant temperature. New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology 38A, 203-216.
20. Moate PJ, Robinson IB, O'Brien GN, Rogers GL, Stockdale CR (1992) The value of legumes for dairy production. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 19, 345-347.
21. O'Brien GN (1987) Increasing clover proportion alters perennial pasture production in West Gippsland. In 'Proceedings of the 4th Australian Society of Agronomy conference'. (Ed. TG Reeves) p. 168. (The Australian Society of Agronomy Inc.: Parkville, Vic.)
22. Orr RJ, Parsons AJ, Penning PD, Treacher TT (1990) Sward composition, animal performance and potential production of grass/white clover swards continuously stocked with sheep. Grass and Forage Science 45, 325-336.
23. Parsons AJ, Orr RJ, Penning PD, Lockyer DD, Ryder JC (1991) Uptake, cycling and fall of nitrogen in grass-clover swards continuously grazed by sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 116, 47-61.
24. Rogers GL, Robinson IB, Moate PJ (1986) Milk production of cows grazing white clover and perennial ryegrass. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 16, 427.
25. Skene JKM, Poutsma TJ (1962) Soils and land use in part of the Goulburn Valley, Victoria. Victorian Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin No. 14, Melbourne, Australia.
26. Stace HCT, Hubble GD, Brewer R, Northcote KH, Sleeman JR, Mulcahy MJ, Hallsworth EG (1968) 'A handbook of Australian soils.' (Rellim Technical Publications: Glenside, SA)
27. Stockdale CR (1984) Evaluation of techniques for estimating the yield of irrigated pastures intensively grazed by dairy cows. 2. The rising plate meter. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 24, 305-311. doi:10.1071/EA9840305
28. Stockdale CR (1992) Growth and utilisation of irrigated Persian clover. PhD thesis. University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
29. Stockdale CR (1997) Supplements improve the production of dairy cows grazing either white clover or paspalum-dominant pastures in late lactation. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37, 295-302. doi:10.1071/EA96136
30. Stockdale CR (1999) Effects of season and time since defoliation on the nutritive characteristics of three irrigated perennial pasture species in northern Victoria. 1. Energy, protein and fibre. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 39, 555-565. doi:10.1071/EA98051
31. Stockdale CR, King KR (1980) The effect of stocking rate and nitrogen fertilizer on the productivity of irrigated perennial pasture grazed by dairy cows. 1. Pasture production, utilization and composition. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 20, 529-536. doi:10.1071/EA9800529
32. Thomson DJ, Beever DE, Haines MJ, Cammel SB, Evans RT, Dhanoa MS, Austin AR (1985) Yield and composition of milk from Friesian cows grazing either perennial ryegrass or white clover in early lactation. Journal of Dairy Research 52, 17-31.
33. Williams BL, Pascoe IG (1994) Phytopthora megasperma, a pathogen of Trifolium repens in irrigated perennial pastures of northern Victoria. Australasian Plant Pathology 23, 88-96.
34. Woodfield DR, Caradus JR (1996) Factors affecting white clover persistence in New Zealand pastures. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 58, 229-235.
35. Yarrow NH, Penning PD (1994) Managing grass/clover swards to produce differing clover proportions. Grass and Forage Science 49, 496-501.