Cool-skin simulation by a one-column ocean model

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 32, Issue 22, 2005, Pages 1-4

  Tu, Chia Ying ^a   Tsuang, Ben Jei ^a  

^a NATIONAL CHUNG HSING UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; HEAT FLUX; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NATURAL CONVECTION; TEMPERATURE; WIND;

COOL SKIN EFFECT; ONE-COLUMN OCEAN MODEL; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WIND SPEEDS;

OCEANOGRAPHY;

MODELING; OCEAN;

EID: 30744454557     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2005GL024252     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Arakawa, A., and Y. Mintz (1974), The UCLA atmospheric general circulation model, paper presented at workshop of 25 March to 4 April 1974, Dep. of Meteorol., Univ. of Calif., Los Angeles.
2. Artale, V., D. Iudicone, R. Santoleri, V. Rupolo, S. Marullo, and F. D'Ortenzio (2002), Role of surface fluxes in ocean general circulation models using satellite sea surface temperature: Validation of and sensitivity to the forcing frequency of the Mediterranean thermohaline circulation, J. Geophys. Res., 107(C8), 3120, doi:10.1029/2000JC000452.
3. Brutsaert, W. H. (1992), Stability correction functions for the mean wind-speed and temperature in the unstable surface-layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 469-472.
4. Businger, J. A., J. C. Wyngaard, Y. Izumi, and E. F. Bradley (1971), Flux-profile relationships in the atmospheric surface layer, J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 181-189.
5. Castro, S. L., G. A. Wick, and W. J. Emery (2003), Further refinements to models for the bulk-skin sea surface temperature difference, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 3377, doi:10.1029/2002JC001641.
6. Chou, S.-H., E. Nelkin, J. Ardizzone, R. M. Atlas, and C.-L. Shie (2003), Surface turbulent heat and momentum fluxes over global oceans based on the Goddard Satellite Retrievals, version 2 (GSSTF2), J. Clim., 16(20), 3256-3273.
7. Donlon, C. J., P. J. Minnet, C. Gentemann, T. J. Nightingale, I. J. Barton, B. Ward, and M. J. Murray (2002), Toward improved validation of satellite sea surface skin temperature measurements for climate research, J. Clim., 15, 353-369.
8. Fairall, C. W., E. F. Bradley, J. S. Godfrey, G. A. Wick, J. B. Edson, and G. S. Young (1996), Cool-skin and warm-layer effects on sea surface temperature, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 1889-1903.
9. Gaspar, P., Y. Gregoris, and J.-M. Lefevre (1990), A simple eddy kinetic energy model for simulations of the oceanic vertical mixing: Test at station Papa and long-term upper ocean study site, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 16,179-16,193.
10. Grassl, H. (1976), The dependence of the measured cool skin of the ocean on wind stress, and total heat flux, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 10, 465-474.
11. Hasse, L. (1971), The sea surface temperature deviation and the heat flow at the sea-air interface, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 1, 368-379.
12. Horrocks, L. A., B. Candy, T. J. Nightingale, R. W. Saunders, A. O'Carroll, and A. R. Harris (2003), Parameterizations of the ocean skin effect and implications for satellite-based measurement of sea-surface temperature, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C3), 3096, doi:10.1029/2002JC001503.
13. Kraus, E. B., and J. A. Businger (1994), Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction, 362 pp., 2nd ed., Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
14. Liu, W. T., K. B. Katsaros, and J. A. Businger (1979), Bulk parameterization of air-sea exchanges of heat and water vapor including the molecular constraints at the interface, J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 1722-1735.
15. Mote, P., and A. O'Neill (2000), Numerical Modeling of the Global Atmosphere in the Climate System, 517 pp., Springer, New York.
16. Paulson, C. A., and J. J. Simpson (1981), The temperature difference across cool skin of the ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 86(C11), 11,044-11,054.
17. Saunders, P. M. (1967), The temperature at the ocean-air interface, J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 269-273.
18. Tsuang, B.-J. (2003), Analytical asymptotic solutions to determine interactions between the planetary boundary layer and the Earth's surface, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D16), 8608, doi:10.1029/2002JD002557.
19. Tsuang, B.-J. (2005), Ground heat flux determination according to land skin temperature observations from in-situ stations and satellites, J. Hydrometeorol., 6(4), 371-390.
20. Tsuang, B.-J., and C.-Y. Tu (2002), Model structure and land parameter identification: An inverse problem approach, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D10), 4096, doi:10.1029/2001JD000711.
21. Tsuang, B.-J., and H.-C. Yuan (1994), The ideal numerical surface thickness to determine ground surface temperature and schemes comparison (in Chinese), Atmos. Sci., 21, 189-218.
22. Tsuang, B.-J., C.-Y. Tu, and K. Arpe (2001), Lake parameterization for climate models, Max Planck Inst. Meteorol. Rep. 316, 72 pp. (Available at http://cs1.aqmc.org.tw/~bjtsuang/papers/MPI_report_316.pdf)
23. Wick, G. A., W. J. Emery, L. H. Kantha, and P. Schlussel (1996), The behavior of the bulk-skin temperature difference under varying wind speed and heat flux, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 1969-1988.
24. Wu, J. (1985), On the cool skin of the ocean, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 31, 203-207.