A 12-month survey of gastrointestinal helminth infections of cervids kept in two zoos in Belgium

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 470-478

  Goossens, Els ^a,c   Vercruysse, Jozef ^a   Boomker, Joop ^d   Vercammen, Francis ^a,c   Dorny, Pierre ^a,b  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

^b INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE   (Belgium)

^c CENTRE FOR RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION   (Belgium)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Cervidae; Gastrointestinal nematodes; Oesophagostomum radiatum; Spiculopteragia spiculoptera; Trichuris spp.; Zoo

Indexed keywords

ALCES ALCES ALCES; ANIMALIA; CAPILLARIA; CERVIDAE; CERVUS ELAPHUS; CERVUS ELAPHUS HIPPELAPHUS; CERVUS ELAPHUS NELSONI; CERVUS NIPPON; DAMA DAMA; ELAPHURUS DAVIDIANUS; NEMATODA; NEMATODIRUS; NEMATODIRUS FILICOLLIS; OESOPHAGOSTOMUM RADIATUM; PUDU; RANGIFER TARANDUS; RANGIFER TARANDUS TARANDUS; SPICULOPTERAGIA SPICULOPTERA; STRONGYLOIDEA; TRICHOSTRONGYLUS; TRICHURIS; VERMES;

EID: 30444448869     PISSN: 10427260     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1638/04-086.1     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Ambrosi, M., M. T. Manfredi, and P. Lanfranchi. 1995. Pattern of abomasal helminths in fallow deer farming in Umbria (central Italy). Vet. Parasitol. 47: 81-86.
2. Arneberg, P., and I. Folstad. 1999. Predicting effects of naturally acquired abomasal nematode infections on growth rate and food intake in reindeer using serum pepsinogen levels. J. Parasitol. 85: 367-369.
3. Arneberg, P., I. Folstad, and A. J. Karter. 1996. Gastro-intestinal nematodes depress food intake in naturally infected reindeer. Parasitology 112: 213-219.
4. Audigé, L., P. R. Wilson, and R. S. Morris. 1998. A survey of internal parasites and parasite control on New Zealand deer farms. N. Z. Vet. J. 46: 203-215.
5. Barger, I. A. 1999. The role of epidemiological knowledge and grazing management for helminth control in small ruminants. Int. J. Parasitol. 29: 41-47.
6. Barth, D., and P. Matzke. 1984. Gastrointestinal nematodes of fallow deer (Dama dama L.) in Germany. Vet. Parasitol. 16: 173-176.
7. Belem, A. M. G., C. E. Couvillion, C. Siefker, and R. N. Griffin. 1993. Evidence for arrested development of abomasal nematodes in white-tailed deer. J. Wildl. Dis. 20: 261-265.
8. Boomker, J., I. G. Horak, and V. De Vos. 1989. Parasites of South African wildlife. IV. Helminths of kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, in the Kruger National Park. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 56: 111-121.
9. Borgsteede, F. H. M. 1982. The infectivity of some nematode parasites of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) and elk (Alces alces L.) for cattle and sheep. Z. Parasitenkd. 67: 211-215.
10. Borgsteede, F. H. M. 1987. Studies on the epidemiological pattern and control of nematode infection in Cervidae. Seminar of the CEC Programme of Coordination of Research in Animal husbandry, 10-11 December, 1987, Edinburgh, UK.
11. Borgsteede, F. H. M., and J. Hendriks. 1974. Identification of infective larvae of gastro-intestinal nematodes in cattle. Tijdschr. Diergeneeskd. 99: 103-113.
12. Cisek, A., A. Balicka-Ramisz, A. Ramisz, and B. Pilarczyk. 2003. Occurrence of gastro-intestinal nematodes in cervids (Cervidae) of North-Western Poland. Electr. J. Pol. Agric. Univ. 6: 1-8.
13. Connan, R. M. 1996. Observations on the epidemiology of gastro-intestinal nematodes of red deer in central South England. Vet. Rec. 139: 228-232.
14. Connan, R. M. 1997. Hypobiosis in the ostertagiids of red deer and the efficacy of ivermectin and fenbendazole against them. Vet. Rec. 140: 203-205.
15. Corn, J. L., and V. F. Nettles. 2001. Health protocol for translocation of free-ranging elk. J. Wildl. Dis. 37: 413-426.
16. Davidson, W. R., J. L. Blue, L. B. Flynn, S. M. Shea, R. L. Marchinton, and J. A. Lewis. 1987. Parasites, diseases and health status of sympatric populations of Sambar deer and white tailed deer in Florida. J. Wildl. Dis. 23: 267-272.
17. Drozdz, J. 1966. Studies on helminthes and helminthiasis in Cervidae II. The helminth fauna in Cervidae in Poland. Acta Parasitol. Pol. 14: 1-13.
18. Düwel, D. 1988. Helminthosis in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) - diagnosis and prevalence. (Wurmbefall bei rehen (Capreolus capreolus) - Diagnostik und Befallsintensität aus mehreren Jahren.) Verh. Erkrg. Zoo. 30: 153-160.
19. Flach, E. J. 1997. Investigation and control of gastro-intestinal parasitism in zoo ungulates. Verh. Erkrg. Zoo. 38: 359-365.
20. Haigh, J. C., C. Mackintosh, and F. Griffin. 2002. Viral, parasitic and prion diseases of farmed deer and bison. Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 21: 219-248.
21. Halvorsen, O., and K. Bye. 1999. Parasites, biodiversity and population dynamics in an ecosystem in the high arctic. Vet. Parasitol. 84: 205-227.
22. Hoberg, E. P., A. A. Kocan, and L. G. Rickard. 2001. Gastro-intestinal strongyles in wild ruminants. In: Samuel, W. M., M. J. Pybus, and A. A. Kocan (eds.). Parasitic Diseases of Wild Mammals, 2nd ed. Manson Publishing, London, UK. Pp. 193-227.
23. Hoeve, J., D. G. Joachim, and E. M. Addison. 1988. Parasites of moose (Alces alces) from an agricultural area of Eastern Ontario. J. Wildl. Dis. 24: 371-374.
24. Irvine, R. J. 2000. Use of moxidectin treatment in the investigation of abomasal nematodiasis in wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus). Vet. Rec. 147: 570-573.
25. Irvine, R. J. 2001. Contrasting regulation of fecundity in two abomasal nematodes of Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus). Parasitology 122: 673-681.
26. Lancaster, M. B., and S. J. Andrews. 1991. Observations on the output of nematode eggs in faeces and on the subsequent pasture infestation with third stage larvae produced by a herd of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus). Vet. Rec. 129: 549-551.
27. Leader-Williams, L. 1980. Observations on the internal parasites of reindeer introduced into South Georgia. Vet. Rec. 107: 393-395.
28. Meister, V., K. Robin, M. Müller, and K. Pfister. 1993. Endoparasites - prevention in ungulates in fenced enclosures: experiences with a pilot project in the Dahlholzli Zoo in Bern. (Endoparasiten - Prophylaxe bei Huftieren in Gehegehaltung: Erfahrungen mit einem Pilotprojekt im Tierpark Dählhölzli Bern.) Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd. 135: 165-171.
29. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 1986. Manual of Veterinary Parasitological Laboratory Techniques. HMSO, London.
30. Mylrea, G. E., R. C. Mulley, and A. W. English. 1991. Gastrointestinal helminthosis in fallow deer (Dama dama) and their response to treatment with anthelmintics. Aust. Vet. J. 68: 74-75.
31. Rehbein, S., R. Schmäschke, K. Eulenberger, and K. F. Schüppel. 1997. Parasitic gastro-enteritis in reindeer kept at Leipzig Zoo. (Parasitäre Gastroenteritis bei Rentieren aus dem Zoologischen Garten Leipzig.) Verh. Erkrg. Zoo. 38: 371-375.
32. Rehbein, S., M. Viser, R. Winter, and W. Lutz. 2002. Endoparasites of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) of Northrine-Westfalia (Germany). European Association of Zoo and Wildlife Veterinarians, 4th Scientific Meeting, 8-12 May 2002, Heidelberg, Germany.
33. Reinecke, R. K., and H. T. Groeneveld. 1991. Overberg research projects. X. Faecal egg counts in the interpretation of nematode worm burdens in sheep. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 58: 49-53.
34. Rickard, L. G., E. P. Hoberg, N. M. Allen, G. L. Zimmerman, and T. M. Craig. 1993. Spiculopteragia spiculoptera and S. asymmetrica (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea) from red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Texas. J. Wildl. Dis. 29: 512-515.
35. Ritchie, J. S. D., M. Anderson, J. Amour, W. F. H. Jarret, F. W. Jenning, and G. M. Urquhart. 1966. Experimental Ostertagia ostertagi infection in calves: parasitology and pathogenesis of a single infection. Am. J. Vet. Res. 27: 659-667.
36. Shimalov, V. V., and V. T. Shimalov. 2003. Helminth fauna of cervids in Belorussian Polesie. Parasitol. Res. 89: 75-76.
37. Stein, A., R. J. Irvine, R. Langvatn, S. D. Albon, and O. Halvorsen. 2002a. The population dynamics of Ostertagia gruehneri in reindeer: a model for the seasonal and intensity dependent variation in nematode fecundity. Int. J. Parasitol. 32: 991-996.
38. Stein, A., R. J. Irvine, E. Ropstad, O. Halvorsen, R. Langvatn, and S. D. Albon. 2002b. The impact of gastro-intestinal nematodes on wild reindeer: experimental and cross-sectional studies. J. Anim. Ecol. 71: 937-945.
39. Stock, T. M., and M. W. Barrett. 1983. Helminth parasites of the gastrointestinal tracts and lungs of moose (Alces alces) and wapiti (Cervus elaphus) from Cypress Hills, Alberta, Canada. Proc. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 50: 246-251.
40. Thienpont, D. C., F. Rochette, and O. F. J. Vanparijs 1979. Coprology. In: Thienpont, D. C., F. Rochette, and O. F. J. Vanparijs. (eds.). Diagnosing helminthiasis by coprological examination. Janssen Research Foundation, Beerse, Belgium. Pp. 17-69.
41. Thrusfield, M. 1995. Demonstrating association. In: M. Thrusfield (ed.). Veterinary Epidemiology, 2nd ed. Blackwell Science Ltd., Berlin, Germany. Pp. 199-219.
42. Vengust, G. 2003. Comparison of the parasitic fauna of fallow deer (Dama dama) from two enclosures in Slovenia, Slovakia. Vet. Res. 40: 27-31.
43. Zaffaroni, E., M. T. Manfredi, C. Citterio, M. Sala, G. Piccolo, and P. Lanfranchi. 2002. Host specificity of abomasal nematodes in free ranging alpine ruminants. Vet. Parasitol. 90: 221-230.
44. Zuchowaska, E. 1997. Trichuris-infections in zoo-mammals. (Trichurosis bei Säugetieren im Zoo.) Verh. Erkrg. Zoo. 38: 367-369.