Iran's nuclear controversy: Prospects for a diplomatic solution

Mediterranean Quarterly

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 20-41

  El Khawas, Mohamed A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS; NUCLEAR POWER; POLITICAL CONFLICT;

ASIA; EURASIA; IRAN; MIDDLE EAST;

EID: 30444444240     PISSN: 10474552     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/10474552-16-4-20     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Radio Free Europe, "Iran: Tehran Seen as Progressing along Two Tracks to Develop Nuclear Weapons (Part 2)," at www.rferl.org.featuresarticle/2004.
2. Andrea Dudikov, "US Accuses Iran of Pursuing Nuclear Weapons," Washington Post, 2 March 2005;
3. "West Lying about Iran Nuclear Aims," Middle East News, 11 March 2005.
4. Dafna Linzer, "Past Arguments Don't Square with Current Iran's Policy," Washington Post, 27 March 2005.
5. Henry A. Kissinger, "Iran: A Nuclear Test Case," Washington Post, 8 March 2005.
6. Linzer, "Past Arguments."
7. "Khamenei Condemns Bush Address," Guardian, 3 February 2005.
8. "Group: Iran's Nuke Program Growing," New York Times, 15 August 2002.
9. US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA), Iran Country Analysis Brief, March 2004, 24, at www.eia.doe.gov.
10. "Iran's Explanation for Nuke Cover-up," Express, 7 March 2005, 9.
11. Ibid.
12. Vivienne Walt, "Iran Looks East," Fortune, 21 February 2005, 90.
13. EIA, 5.
14. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, Information circular no. 140, 22 April 1970, 3.
15. IAEA, "Rising Expectations for Nuclear Electricity Production," 1 March 2005, at www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/News/2005.
16. "America and Its Allies: Condi's Challenge," Economist, 15 January 2005, 29.
17. President George W. Bush, State of the Union Address, 2 February 2005, at www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/02/print.
18. Ibid.
19. Radio Free Europe, "Is Iran Trying to Develop Nuclear Weapons?" 22 December 2004, 2, at www.eferl/featurearticle/2004.
20. Radio Free Europe, "Iran: Tehran Seen."
21. "Iran Attack 'Not on US Agenda,'" Guardian, 4 February 2005.
22. Thomas Omestad, "Iran and the Nuclear Bomb," US News and World Report, 22 November 2004, 50.
23. "'Great Satan' Warned of a Burning Hell," Guardian, 16 February 2005.
24. IAEA, "Iran Signs Additional Protocol on Nuclear Safeguards," 18 December 2003, at www.iaea.org.
25. EIA, 22-3;
26. IAEA, "Implementation of the NPT Safeguards Agreement in the Islamic Republic of Iran - Resolution Adopted by the Board on 18 June 2004," at www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Board/2004.
27. "Powell: US Wants UN Sanctions against Iran," MSNBC (International News), 1 September 2004, at www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5886885.
28. "'No Proof' of Iranian Nuclear Weapons Program," Guardian, 14 September 2004.
29. Ian Traynor, "Tehran Agrees to Nuclear Freeze," Guardian, 8 November 2004.
30. Ian Traynor, "West Sets Deadline for Iran to Freeze Uranium Enrichment," Guardian, 18 September 2004.
31. "Iran: The Nuclear Squeeze," Economist, 13 November 2004, 51-2.
32. IAEA, "Iran-EU Agreement on Nuclear Program," information circular no. 637, 26 November 2004, at iaea.org/Publications/Documents.
33. Ian Traynor, "Iran Tries to Relax EU Nuclear Agreement," Guardian, 2 November 2004.
34. "Iran Hails UN Nuclear Victory," BBC News (UK Edition), 30 November 2004.
35. "EU Drafts Iran Nuclear Timetable," BBC News (UK Edition), 22 November 2004.
36. David Gow, "EU Revives Negotiations with Iran after WMD Commitment," Guardian, 12 January 2005.
37. Ian Traynor, "Special Forces 'on the Ground' in Iran," Guardian, 17 January 2005.
38. Seymour M. Hersh, "The Coming War," New Yorker, 24 January 2005, 2.
39. "Europe, America, and Iran: Jaw-Jaw, for Now," Economist, 29 January 2005, 47.
40. Omestad, 50-1.
41. Dafna Linzer, "US Uses Drones to Probe Iran for Arms," Washington Post, 13 February 2005.
42. Hersh, 4.
43. Αmerica and Its Allies," 30.
44. Hersh, 5.
45. For more information, see Stan Crock and Babak Pirouz, "Why Iran Can Thumb Its Nose at Washington," Business Week, 28 February 2005, 59.
46. Kissinger.
47. Julian Borger, "Bush Defuses Iran Strike Fear," Guardian, 3 February 2005.
48. Ewen MacAskill, "Rice Lavishes Praise on Britain - but Attacks 'Loathed' Iran," Guardian, 5 February 2005.
49. "Iran Attack," Guardian, 4 February 2005.
50. "Bush Calls for United Stance on Iran," Guardian, 23 February 2005.
51. "US and Germany Bury Differences," BBC News (World), 23 February 2005.
52. Nick Paton Walsh and Julian Borger, "Putin Defends Iran and Eyes Up Nuclear Fuel Deal," Guardian, 19 February 2005.
53. Roland Watson, "US Yields over Trade for Iran Deal," Times OnLine, 11 March 2005, at www.timesonline.co.uk.
54. "EU Warns Iran Nuclear Talks Slower Than Hoped," MediaCorp News, 11 March 2005;
55. Jim Hoagland, "No Good Options on Iran," Washington Post, 15 May 2005.
56. Watson.
57. Alec Russell, "US Agrees Incentives if Iran Halts Its Nuclear Program," News Telegraph, 12 March 2005.
58. "Iran Says Incentives Offer 'Insignificant,'" ABC News Online, 12 March 2005, at www.abc.net.au/news.
59. Omestad, 50.
60. Ewen MacAskill, "Iran Agrees Fresh Nuclear Talks," Guardian, 24 March 2005, 1.
61. Paton and Borger.
62. Ibid.
63. Erika Lorentzsen, "World in Brief: Europe," Washington Post, 19 March 2005.
64. Molly Moore, "In Israel, Putin Defends Syria, Iran Deals," Washington Post, 29 April 2005.
65. Jim VandeHei, "Cheney Defends Bush Appointments," Washington Post, 23 March 2005.
66. Robin Wright, "US, Allies May Have to Wait Out Iran Elections," Washington Post, 12 March 2005.
67. "Russian Fuel, European Carrot, American Stick," Economist, 26 February 2005, 43.
68. UN News Service, "Ball in Iran's Court to Come Clean on Nuclear Program - IAEA," 3 March 2005, at www.un.org/apps/news.
69. Walt, 89.
70. "A Grand Bargain with the Great Satan," Economist, 12 March 2005, 12-3.
71. "Iran: The Nuclear Squeeze," Economist, 13 November 2004, 51-2.
72. Ibid.
73. Charles Recknagel, "2004 and Beyond: Iran, North Korea Nuclear Crisis Still Unresolved," Radio Free Europe, 16 December 2004, at www.rferl.org/featurearticle/2004.
74. Dafna Linzer, "Iran Leaves Door Open for Nuclear Discussions," Washington Post, 13 May 2005.