The Glitter of Gold: France Bimetallism and the Emergence of the International Gold Standard 1848-1873

The Glitter of Gold: France Bimetallism and the Emergence of the International Gold Standard 1848-1873

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-344

  Flandreau, Marc ^a  

^a SCIENCES PO   (France)

Author keywords

Arbitrage; Bank Of England; Bank Of France; Bimetallism; Bullion; Gold Points; Gold Rush; Gold Standard; Rothschilds; Silver Standard

Indexed keywords

EID: 30444439197     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/0199257868.001.0001     Document Type: Book

References (478)

1. Aftalion, A. (1927). Monnaie, prix et change: expériences récentes et théorie. Paris: Sirey.
2. Aglietta, M. (1986). La fin des devises clés: essai sur la monnaie internationale. Paris: La Découverte.
3. Aglietta, M., (1994). 'Internationalisation des monnaies et organisation du système monétaire'. Economie Internationale, No. 59: 71-106.
4. Aglietta, M. and Orléan, A. (1984). La violence de la monnaie, 2nd edn. Paris:Presses Universitaires de France.
5. Allard, A. (1885). La crise, la chute des prix, la monnaie, 2nd edn. Paris:Guillaumin.
6. Angell, J. W. (1926). The Theory of International Prices: History, Criticism, and Restatement. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
7. Arnauné, F. A. (1902). La Monnaie, le crédit et le change, 2nd edn. Paris:Alcan.
8. Ashburton, [Alexander Baring] (1847). The Financial and Commercial Crisis Considered. London: J. Murray.
9. Ashton, T. S., and Sayers, R. S. (1953). Papers in English Monetary History. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
10. Atkinson, E. (1888). 'Bimetallism in Europe', in United States Congress (50th, 1st session: 1887-1888) House. House Miscellaneous Documents of the House of Representatives for the First Session of the Fiftieth Congress, 1887-1888. Washington: Government Printing Office.
11. Attman, A. (1981). The Bullion Flow between Europe and the East, 1000-1750. Goburg: Kungl. vetenskaps och vitterhets-samhallet.
12. Attman, A.. (1986). American Bullion in the European World Trade, 1600-1800. Göteborg: Kungl. vetenskaps och vitterhets-samhallet.
13. Audiffret, Marquis d' (1840) Système financier de la France, 6 Vols. Paris: P. Dupont and Guillaumin.
14. Aupetit, A. (1901). Essai sur la théorie générale de la monnaie. Paris:Guillaumin.
15. Baas, N. W. J. (1984). Die Doppelwährungspolitik Frankreichs, 1850-1885. Florence: Europäisches Hochschulinstitut: Abt Geschichte und Kulturgeschichte.
16. Bagehot, W. (1965-86). The Collected Works of Walter Bagehot (Norman St. John-Stevas (ed.)), 15 vols. London: The Economist.
17. Bairoch, P. (1973). 'European Foreign Trade in the 19th Century: The Development of the Value and Volume of Exports'. Journal of the European Economic History, 2/1: 5-36.
18. Bairoch, P.. (1974). 'Geographical Structure and Trade Balance of European Foreign Trade from 1800 to 1974'. Journal of the European Economic History, 3/3:557-608.
19. Bairoch, P.. (1976). Commerce extérieur et développement économique de l'Europe au 19 ème siècle. Paris: Mouton.
20. Bakewell, P. (ed.) (1997). Mines of Silver and Gold in the Americas. Hampshire: Aldershot; Brookfield: Variorum.
21. Bamberger, L. (1877). L'or de l'Empire: études sur l'étalon monétaire et le change. Brussels: Toint-Scohier.
22. Barbier, F. (1991). Finance et politique: la dynastie des Fould, 18e-20e siècles. Paris: Colin.
23. Barro, R. J. (1979). 'Money and the Price Level Under the Gold Standard'. Economic Journal, 89/353: 13-33.
24. Barsky, R., and DeLong, B. (1991). 'Forecasting Pre-World War I Inflation: The Fisher Effect and the Gold Standard'. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106/3: 815-36.
25. Berry, T. (1984). Early California: Gold, Prices, Trade. Richmond: Bostwick.
26. Bigo, R. (1947). Les banques françaises au cours du 19 e siècle. Paris: Sirey.
27. Billoret, J.-L. (1969). Système bancaire et dynamique économique dans un pays à monnaie stable: France, 1800-1914. D. Thesis, University of Nancy.
28. Black, S. J. (1978). 'Napoléon III et le Mexique: un triomphe monétaire'. Revue Historique, No. 1: 57-73.
29. Bloomfield, A. I. (1959). Monetary Policy under the International Gold Standard, 1880-1914. New York: Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
30. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (US) (1941-70). Banking and Monetary Statistics, 1941-1970. Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
31. Bodin, E. (1925). L'encaisse métallique de la Banque de France: son rôle en temps de guerre, en temps normal et au cours des périodes de désorganisation monétaire. Rennes: Ouest-Eclair.
32. Bonnet, V. (1876). 'Supériorité de l'or sur l'argent'. Economiste Français, 4/8.
33. Bopp, K. (1952). 'Bank of France: Brief Survey of Instruments, 1880-1914'. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 11/1: 229-44.
34. Bopp, K. (1987). 'Bimetallism', in J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, and P. Newman (eds.), The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, Vol. 1. London: Macmillan.
35. Bopp, K., and Capie, F. (eds.) (1993). Monetary Regimes in Transition. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
36. Bopp, K., and Eichengreen, B. (eds.) (1993). A Retrospective on the Bretton Woods System: Lessons for International Monetary Reform. Chicago; London:University of Chicago Press.
37. Bopp, K., and Jonung, L. (1981). 'The Long Run Behavior of the Income Velocity of Money in Five Advanced Countries, 1870-1975: An Institutional Approach'. Economic Inquiry, 19/1: 96-116.
38. Bopp, K., and Schwartz, A. (eds.) (1984). A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard, 1831-1931. Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press.
39. Bourguignon, F., and Lévy-Leboyer, M. (1985). L'économie française au 19 ème siècle: analyse macro-économique. Paris: Economica.
40. Bouvier, J. (1961). Le Crédit Lyonnais de 1863 à 1882: les années de formation d'une banque de dépôts. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale.
41. Bouvier, J. (1967). Les Rothschild. Paris: Fayard.
42. Bouvier, J. (1968). Histoire économique et histoire sociale: recherches sur le capitalisme contemporain. Geneva: Droz.
43. Bouvier, J. (1992). Les Rothschild, 2nd edn. Paris: Complexe.
44. Boyer-Xambeu, M.-T., Deleplace, G., and Gillard, L. (1986). Monnaie privée et pouvoir des princes: l'économie des relations monétaires à la Renaissance. Paris: Presses de la F.N.S.P.
45. Boyer-Xambeu, M.-T., Deleplace, G., and Gillard, L. (1994). 'Régimes monétaires, points d'or et serpent bimétallique de 1770 à 1870'. Revue Économique, 45/5: 1139-74
46. Boyer-Xambeu, M.-T., Deleplace, G., and Gillard, L. (1995). 'Bimétallisme, taux de change et prix de l'or et de l'argent: 1717-1873'. Economies et Sociétés, 29/7-8: 5-374.
47. Braga de Macedo, J., Eichengreen, B., and Reis, J. (eds.) (1996). Currency Convertibility: The Gold Standard and Beyond. London; New York: Routledge.
48. Brammetz, W., and Brouwer, T. (1992). 'Schätzung der Geldmenge der Schweiz, 1851-1910'. Mimeo.
49. Braudel, F., and Spooner, F. (1967). 'Prices in Europe from 1450 to 1750', in E. E. Rich and C. H. Wilson (eds.), Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vol. IV. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
50. Breton, Y., and Luftalla, M. (eds) (1991). L'Economie Politique en France au 19 e siècle. Paris: Economica.
51. Broadberry, S. N., and Crafts, N. F. R. (eds.) (1992). Britain in the International Economy. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
52. Cairnes, J. E. (1873). Essays in Political Economy: Theoretical and Applied. London: Macmillan.
53. Calomiris, C. W. (1992). 'Greenback Resumption and Silver Risk: The Economics and Politics of Monetary Regime Change in the United States, 1862-1900'. NBER Working Paper, 4166.
54. Calomiris, C. W., and Hubbard, G. (1996). 'International Adjustment under the Classical Gold Standard: Evidence for the U.S. and Britain', in Bayoumi, T., Eichengreen, B., and Taylor, M. (eds.), Modern Perspectives on the Gold Standard. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press.
55. Cameron, R. (1961). France and the Economic Development of Europe:1800-1914. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
56. Cameron, R. (ed.) (1970). Essays in French Economic History. Homewood: Irwin.
57. Cameron, R., and Freeman, C. G. (1983). 'French Economic Growth: A Radical Revision'. Social Science History, 7/1: 3-30.
58. Cameron, R., Crisp, O., Patrick, H. T., and Tilly, R. (1967). Banking in the Early Stages of Industrialization: A Study in Comparative Economic History. New York; London; Toronto: Oxford University Press.
59. Capie, F., and Webber, A. (1983). 'Total coin and coin in circulation in the United Kingdom 1868-1914', Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 15/1, 24-39.
60. Capie, F., and Webber, A., (1984). 'A Survey of Estimates of U.K. Money Supply and Components, 1870-1982'. London: Centre for Banking and International Finance.
61. Capie, F., and Webber, A. (1985). Monetary History of the United Kingdom, 1870-1982, 1st edn. London; Boston: Allen and Unwin.
62. Capie, F., and Webber, A., and Wood, G. (eds.) (1999). The Development of Monetary Theory. London; New York: Routledge.
63. Capie, F., Mills, T. C., and Wood, G. (1991). 'Money, Interest Rates, and the Great Depression: Britain from 1870 to 1913', in J. Foreman-Peck (ed.), New Perspectives on the Late Victorian Economy: Essays in Quantitative Economic History, 1860-1914. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
64. Casella, A., Feinstein, J. (1989). 'Management of a Common Currency', in De Cecco, M., and Giovannini, A. (eds.), A European central bank? Perspectives on monetary unification after ten years of the EMS.
65. Cassis, Y. (1992). Finance and Financiers in European History. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
66. Cernuschi, H. (1865). Mécanique de l'échange. Paris: Lacroix.
67. Cernuschi, H. (1878). La diplomatie monétaire en 1878. Paris: Guillaumin.
68. Cernuschi, H. (1885). Les grandes puissances métalliques. Paris: Guillaumin.
69. Chabert, A. (1956). Structure économique et théorie monétaire: essai sur le comportement monétaire dans les pays sous-développés. Paris: Colin.
70. Chapman, S. D. (1984). The Rise of Merchant Banking. London: Allen and Unwin.
71. Chaunu, P. (1951). 'Le galion de Manille: grandeur et décadence d'une route de la soie'. Annales, Economies, Société, Civilisations, 4: 447-62.
72. Chaunu, P, and Chaunu, H. (1955-9). Seville et l'Atlantique, 1504-1650, 11 Vols in 8 t. Paris: Armand Colin.
73. Chen, C. (1972). 'Bimetallism: Theory and Controversy in Perspective'. History of Political Economy, 4/1: 89-112.
74. Chen, C, Tsaur, T., and Liu, S. (1989). 'Currency Substitution, Foreign Inflation and Terms of Trade Dynamics'. Journal of Political Economy, 97/4: 955-64.
75. Chevalier, M. (1851). La monnaie. Brussels: Méline.
76. Chevalier, M. (1856). 'Of the Function with Which Gold is Invested by the Monetary Legislation in France'. Bankers' Magazine, 18/2: 108-22.
77. Chevalier, M. (1859). On the Probable Fall in the Value of Gold: The Commercial and Social Consequences which may Ensue, and the Measures which it Invites, 3rd edn. Manchester: Ireland and Co.
78. Chevalier, M. (1866). Cours d'Economie Politique au Collège de France, 2nd edn, 3 Vols. Paris: Capelle.
79. Cippola, C. M. (1958). Le aventure della Lira. Rome: Edizioni di Comunità.
80. Clapham, J., Sir (1944). The Bank of England: A History, 2 Vols. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
81. Clare, G. (1893). The ABC of the Foreign Exchanges: A Practical Guide. London; New York: Macmillan.
82. Clark, T. A. (1984). 'Violations of the Gold-Points, 1890-1908'. Journal of Political Economy, 92/5: 791-823.
83. Cochut, A. (1854). 'L'or sur le marché européen'. Revue des deux Mondes, 2nd Series, 5/1: 801-29
84. Cole, A. A. (1929a). 'Seasonal Variations in Sterling Exchanges'. Journal of Economics and Business History, 2: 203-18.
85. Cole, A. A. (1929b). 'Evolution of the Foreign-Exchange Market of the United States'. Journal of Economics and Business History, 1: 384-421.
86. Collins, M. (1986). 'Sterling Exchange Rates, 1847-1880'. Journal of European Economic History, 15/3: 511-33.
87. Cooper, D. R. (1988). The Art and Craft of Coinmaking: A History of Minting Technology. London: Spink.
88. Cooper, R. N. (1982). 'The Gold Standard: Historical Facts and Future Prospects'. Brooking Papers on Economic Activity, No 1: 1-45.
89. Cooper, R. N. (1987). The International Monetary System: Essays in World Economics. Cambridge: MIT Press.
90. Costes, H. (1884). Notes et Tableaux pour servir à l'étude de la question monétaire. Paris: Société anonyme de publications périodiques.
91. Costes, H. (1885). Les Institutions monétaires de la France. Paris: Guillaumin.
92. Cottrell, P. L. (1982). 'London, Paris and Silver: 1848-1867', in A. Slaven and D. H. Aldcroft (eds.), Business, Banking, and Urban History. Edinburgh:Donald.
93. Cottrell, P. L, and Moggridge, D. E. (eds.) (1988). Money and Power: Essays in Honour of L. S. Pressnell. London: Macmillan.
94. Cottrell, P. L, and Moggridge, D. E. (1992). 'Silver, Gold and the International Monetary Order 1851-1896', in S. N. Broadberry and N. F. R. Crafts (eds.), Britain in the International Economy, 1870-1939. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
95. Courcelle-Seneuil, J.-G. (1853). Traité théorique et pratique des opérations de banque. Paris: Guillaumin.
96. Crafts, N. F. R. (1984). 'Economic Growth in France and Britain, 1830-1910: A Review of the Evidence'. Journal of Economic History, 44/1: 49-67.
97. Craig, J. (1953). The Mint: A History of the Modern Mint. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
98. Crécy (de), M. (1962). 'Bibliographie analytique des enquêtes effectuées par ordre du Ministère du Commerce et de l'Agriculture de 1800 à 1918', Histoire des Entreprises, 10/4.
99. Crouzet, F. (1985). De la supériorité de l'Angleterre sur la France:l'économique et l'imaginaire 17e-20e siècles. Paris: Perrin.
100. Crump, A. (1878). The English Manual of Banking, 3rd edn. London:Longmans, Green and Co.
101. Darimon, A. (1856). De la réforme des banques. Paris: Guillaumin.
102. Darnis, J.-M. (1988). La Monnaie de Paris, sa création et son histoire du Consulat et de l'Empire à la Restauration, 1795-1828. Paris: Centre d'Etudes Napoléoniennes.
103. Dauphin-Meunier, A. (1936). La Banque de France. Paris: Gallimard.
104. Davis, L., and Hughes, J. (1960). 'A Dollar Sterling Exchange, 1803-1895'. Economic History Review, New Series, 13/1: 52-78.
105. De Cecco, M. (1974). Money and Empire. Oxford: Blackwell.
106. De Cecco, M. (1987). 'Gold Standard', in J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, and P. Newman (eds.), The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, Vol. 2. London: Macmillan.
107. De Cecco, M. (1990). 'Introduction', in De Cecco (ed.), Collana Storica della Banca d'Italia. 1: L'Italia e il Sistema Finanziario Internazionale, 1861-1914. Rome:Laterza.
108. Del Mar, A. (1902). A History of the Precious Metals. New York: Cambridge Encyclopedia Co.
109. De Mattia, R. (1967). I Bilanci degli istituti di emissione italiani dal 1845 al 1936. Roma: Banca d'Italia.
110. De Mattia, R. (ed.) (1990). Gli Istituti di emissione in Italia. I tentativi di unificazione, 1843-1892. Roma: Laterza.
111. Denuc, J. (1932). 'Essai de détermination de la Circulation Monétaire de la France de 1870 à 1913'. Bulletin de la Statistique Générale de la France (October 1931-September 1932), 21: 419-40.
112. Denzel, M. (1994). 'The Dollar as the Standard Coin of the Pacific Rim until 1914'. Paper presented at the colloque California and the Pacific Rim, April.
113. Dermigny, L. (1955). 'Une carte monétaire de la France à la fin de l'Ancien Régime'. Annales: Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations, 10/4: 38-45.
114. Dick, T., and Floyd, J. (1992). Canada and the Gold Standard. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
115. Dowd, K., and Greenaway. D. (1993). 'Currency Competition, Network Externalities and Switching Costs: Towards an Alternative View of Optimum Currency Areas'. Economic Journal, 103/420: 1180-9.
116. Drake, L. S. (1985). 'Reconstruction of a Bimetallic Price Level'. Explorations in Economic History, 22: 194-219.
117. Dunham, A.-L. (1928). 'The Development of the Cotton Industry in France and the Anglo-French Treaty of Commerce of 1860'. Economic History Review, 1/2: 281-308.
118. Dupont-Ferrier, P. (1925). Le marché financier sous le Second Empire. Paris:Alcan.
119. Eatwell, J., Milgate, M., and Newman, P. (eds.) (1987). The New Palgrave:A Dictionary of Economics, 4 Vols. London: Macmillan; New York: Stockton Press; Tokyo: Maruzen.
120. Eichengreen, B. (ed.) (1985). The Gold Standard in Theory and History. New York: Methuen.
121. Eichengreen, B. (1987). 'Conducting the International Orchestra: Bank of England Leadership under the Classical Gold Standard'. Journal of International Money and Finance, 6/1: 5-29.
122. Eichengreen, B. (1992a). Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard, and the Great Depression, 1919-1939. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
123. Eichengreen, B. (ed.) (1992b). Monetary Regime Transformations. London: Elgar.
124. Eichengreen, B. (1995). 'The Endogeneity of Exchange-Rate Regimes', in Kenen, P. B., (ed.), Understanding interdependence: The macroeconomics of the open economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
125. Eichengreen, B., and Flandreau, M. (1996a). 'Blocs, Zones and Bands: International Monetary History in Light of Recent Theoretical Developments'. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 43/4: 398-418.
126. Eichengreen, B., and Flandreau, M. (1996b).'The Geography of the Gold Standard', in J. Braga de Macedo, B. Eichengreen, and J. Reis (eds.), Currency Convertibility: The Gold Standard and Beyond. London; New York: Routledge.
127. Eichengreen, B., and Flandreau, M. (1997). The Gold Standard in Theory and History, 2nd edn. London; New York: Routledge.
128. Einaudi, L. (2001). Money and Politics: European Monetary Unification and the International Gold Standard, 1865-1873. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
129. Einzig, P. (1962). The History of Foreign Exchange. London: Macmillan.
130. Engerman, S. L. (1970). 'A Note on the Economic Consequences of the Second Bank of the United States'. Journal of Political Economy, 78/4,1: 725-8.
131. Faucher, L. (1843). Recherches sur l'or et l'argent. Paris: Paulin.
132. Faucher, L. (1852). 'De la production et de la démonétisation de l'or: la démonétisation en Hollande et la production en Russie, en Amérique, et en Australie'. Revue des Deux Mondes, 15/22: 708-60.
133. Faucher, L. (1853). 'La Banque de France et les taux de l'intérêt'. Revue des Deux Mondes, 2nd Series, 4: 1016-27; 708-60.
134. Ferguson, N. (1998). The world's banker: the history of the House of Rothschild. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
135. Fetter, F. W. (1931). 'Some Neglected Aspects of Gresham's Law'. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 46/3: 480-95.
136. Fetter, F. W. (1965). Development of British Monetary Orthodoxy, 1797-1875. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
137. Fisher, I. (1894). 'The Mechanics of Bimetallism'. Economic Journal, 4/12:527-37.
138. Fisher, I. (1926). The Purchasing Power of Money, rev edn. New York: Macmillan.
139. Flanders, J. (1989). International Monetary Economics 1870-1960 between the Classical and the New Classical. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
140. Flandreau, M. (1989). L'Union latine et la Monnaie Universelle. M. Thesis, University of Paris 10, Nanterre.
141. Flandreau, M. (1993). 'On the Inflationary Bias of Common Currencies: The Latin Union Puzzle'. European Economic Review, 37/2-3: 501-6.
142. Flandreau, M. (1995a). 'Was the Latin Union a Franc-Zone?', in J. Reis (ed.), International Monetary Systems in Historical Perspective. New York: St. Martin's Press; London: Macmillan.
143. Flandreau, M. (1995b). 'Coin Memories: Estimates of the French Metallic Currency, 1840-1878'. Journal of European Economic History, 24/2: 271-310.
144. Flandreau, M. (1995c). L'Or du monde: la France et la stabilité du système monétaire international, 1848-1873. Paris: L'Harmattan.
145. Flandreau, M. (1995d). 'Monnaie commune, decentralisation et inflation: Hujus Regio, Cujus Pecunia?', Revue de l'OFCE, No. 52 (January), 29-47.
146. Flandreau, M. (1996a). 'Adjusting to the Gold Rush: Endogenous Bullion Points and the French Balance of Payments, 1846-70'. Explorations in Economic History, 33/4: 417-39.
147. Flandreau, M. (1996b). 'The French Crime of 1873: An Essay on the Emergence of the International Gold Standard, 1870-1880'. Journal of Economic History, 56/4:862-97.
148. Flandreau, M. (1997a). 'As Good as Gold? Bimetallism in Equilibrium, 1850-70', in M. C. Marcuzzo, L. H. Officier, and A. Rosselli (eds.), Monetary standards and Exchange rates, New York; London: Routledge.
149. Flandreau, M. (1997b). 'Central Bank Cooperation in Historical Perspective: A Sceptical View'. Economic History Review, 50/4: 735-63.
150. Flandreau, M. (1998). 'The Burden of Intervention: Externalities in Multilateral Exchange Rates Arrangements'. Journal of International Economics, 45/1:137-71.
151. Flandreau, M. (2000). 'The Economics and Politics of Monetary Unions: A Reassessment of the Latin Monetary Union, 1865-71'. Financial History Review, 7/1: 25-43.
152. Flandreau, M, Le Cacheux, J., and Zumer, F. (1998). 'Stability Without a Pact?: Lessons from the European Gold Standard, 1880-1914'. Economic Policy: A European Forum, No. 26: 115-49.
153. Flandreau, M. (2002). '"Water Seeks a Level": Bimetallic Exchange Rates and the Bimetallic Band'. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking. 34/2: 491-519.
154. Flood, R. P., and Garber, P. M. (1984). 'Gold Monetization and Gold Discipline'. Journal of Political Economy, 92/1: 90-107.
155. Flynn, D. O. (1978). 'A New Perspective on the Spanish Price Revolution: The Monetary Approach to the Balance of Payments'. Explorations in Economic History, 15: 388-406.
156. Flynn, D. O. (1984). 'Use and Misuse of the Quantity Theory of Money in Early Modern Historiography', in International Congress on Economic History (8th:1982: Budapest, Hungary), Münzprägung, Geldumlauf und Wechselkurse:Akten des 8th International Economic History Congress, Section C7, Budapest 1982 = Minting, Monetary Circulation and Exchange Rates. Trier:Verlag Trierer Historische Forschung.
157. Flynn, D. O. (1986). 'The Microeconomics of Silver and the East-West Trade in the Early Modern Period', in International Congress on Economic History (9th:1986: Bern, Switzerland), The Emergence of a World Economy 1500-1914:Papers of the IX International Congress of Economic History. [Stuttgart:] Kommission bei F. Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH.
158. Flynn, D. O., and Giraldez, A. (1994). 'China and the Manila Galleons', in Latham, A. J. H. and Kawakatsu, H. (eds.), Japanese industrialization and the Asian economy. London: Routledge.
159. Fohlen, C. (1956). L'Industrie textile au temps du Second Empire. Paris: Plon.
160. Foville, A. de. (1878). 'La composition de la circulation monétaire de la France'. Bulletin de Statistique et de Législation Comparée, 4/(October): 202-20.
161. Foville, A. de. (1879). 'Le stock monétaire de la France'. L'Economiste Français, November: 547-50.
162. Foville, A. de. (1885). 'La composition de la circulation monétaire de la France'. Bulletin de Statistique et de Législation Comparée, 18/(August): 163-88.
163. Foville, A. de. (1886). 'La circulation monétaire de la France, d'après les recensements de 1868, 1878 et 1885'. Journal de la Société de Statistique de Paris, 27: 6-15.
164. Foville, A. de. (1889). La France économique: statistique raisonnée et comparative. Paris: Colin.
165. Foville, A. de. (1893). 'Combien nous reste-t-il d'écus de cinq francs?' Journal des Economistes, 15/5: 366-80.
166. Foville, A. de. (1907). La monnaie. Paris: Gabalda et Cie.
167. Fox, E. W. (1971). History in Geographic Perspective: The Other France. New York: Norton.
168. France. Ministère de l'Economie et des Finances (ed.) (1827-56). Tableau décennal du commerce de la France avec ses colonies et les puissances étrangères, publié par l'Administration des douanes, 5 Vols. Paris: Imprimerie Royale.
169. Frenkel, J., and Johnson, H. G. (eds.) (1976). The Monetary approach to the balance of payments. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
170. Friedman, M. (1990a). 'Bimetallism Revisited'. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 4/3: 85-104.
171. Friedman, M. (1990b). 'The Crime of 1873'. Journal of Political Economy, 98/6: 1159-94.
172. Friedman, M. (1992). Money Mischief: Episodes in Monetary History. New York:Harcourt Brace Jovanovitch.
173. Friedman, M, and Schwartz, A. (1963). Monetary History of the United States. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
174. Gadoury, V. (1989). Monnaies Françaises: 1789-1979. Monaco: Gadoury.
175. Gadoury V. (1989). Monnaies françaises: 1789-1979. (9th ed.) Monte-Carlo:V.
176. Gallarotti, G. M. (1990). 'The Scramble for Gold: Monetary Regimes Transformation in the 1870's'. Paper presented at the Tenth International Economic History Congress, Leuven, August 20-24.
177. Gallarotti, G. M. (1995). The Anatomy of an International Monetary Regime: The Classical Gold Standard, 1880-1914. New York: Oxford University Press.
178. Garber, P. M. (1986). 'Nominal Contracts in a Bimetallic Standard'. American Economic Review, 76/5: 1012-30.
179. Giffen, R. (1892). The Case against Bimetallism, 2nd edn. London; New York:G. Bell and Sons.
180. Gille, B. (1965). Histoire de la Maison Rothschild. 1: Des Origines à 1848. Geneva: Droz.
181. Gille, B. (1967). Histoire de la Maison Rothschild. 2: 1848-1870. Geneva: Droz.
182. Gille, B. (1970). La Banque en France au 19e siècle. Geneva: Droz.
183. Gille, G. (1965). 'Les capitaux français et l'expédition du Mexique'. Revue d'Histoire Diplomatique, 79: 193-250.
184. Glassman, D., and Redish, A. (1985). 'New Estimates of the Money Stock in France, 1493-1680'. Journal of Economic History, 45/1: 31-46.
185. Goodhart, C. A. E. (1972). The Business of Banking, 1891-1914. London:Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
186. Goschen, G. J. (1883). 'On the Probable Result of an Increase in the Purchasing Power of Gold'. Journal of the Institute of Bankers.
187. Goschen, G. J. (1892). The Theory of the Foreign Exchanges, 15th edn. London:Wilson.
188. Goschen, G. J. (1896). Théorie des changes étrangers... traduit et précédé d'une introduction par M. Léon Say.... suivi du Rapport fait au nom de la commission du budget de 1875 sur le payement de l'indemnité de guerre et sur les opérations de change qui en ont été la conséquence, par M. Léon Say, .... Paris: Guillaumin.
189. Goswami, P. K. (1983). Indian Currency and Exchange. New Delhi: Milind.
190. Grandmont, J.-M. (1983). Money and Value: A Reconsideration of Classical and Neoclassical Monetary Theories. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press; Paris: Maison des sciences de l'homme.
191. Grandmont, J.-M. (1986). Monnaie et valeur. Paris: Economica.
192. Green, E. H. H. (1988). 'Rentiers Versus Producers?: The Political Economy of the Bimetallic Controversy'. English Historical Review: 103/408: 588-612.
193. Greenfield, R., and Rockoff, H. (1992). 'Gresham's Law Regained'. NBER, Working Paper Series on Historical Factors in Long Run Growth, 35.
194. Gregory, T. E. (1928). 'An Introduction to Tooke and Newmarch's', in T. Tooke and W. Newmarch (eds.), A History of Prices and of the State of the Circulation from 1792 to 1856, 6 Vols. New York: Adelphi Co.
195. Gregory, T. E. (1929). Select Statutes. Documents and Reports Relating to British Banking 1832-1928, Vol. 1: 1832-1844. London: King.
196. Guilloteau, V. G. (1942). Nomenclature des monnaies françaises. Versailles:Barry.
197. Gutmann, F. (1913). Das Französiche Geldwesen im Kriege: 1870-1878. Strasburg: K. J. Trübner.
198. Habakkuk, H. J. (1940). 'Free Trade and Commercial Expansion: 1853-1870', in The Cambridge History of the British Empire, Vol. 2. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
199. Harsin, P. (1928). Les doctrines monétaires et financières en France du 16e au 18e siècle. Paris: Alcan.
200. Hatton, T. J. (1992). 'Price Determination under the Gold Standard:Britain 1880-1914', in S. N. Broadberry and N. F. R. Crafts (eds.), Britain in the International Economy, 1870-1939. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
201. Haupt, O. (1872). Arbitrages et parités: traité pratique des opérations d'arbitrages sur lettres de change, fonds publics et matières d'or et d'argent avec les principales places de l'étranger, 1st edn. Paris: Lacroix, Verboeckhoven et Cie.
202. Haupt, O. (1882). Arbitrages et parités, traité pratique des opérations d'arbitrages sur lettres de change, fonds publics et matières d'or et d'argent avec les principales places de l'étranger, 5th edn. Paris: J. Lecuir, 1882.
203. Haupt, O. (1886). L'histoire monétaire de notre temps. Paris: Truchy.
204. Hay, H., Sir (1886). 'Stock of Gold and Silver in the World'. Journal of the Institute of Bankers, 172-6.
205. Helfferich, K. (1898). Reform des deutschen Geldwesens nach der Gründung des Reiches. Leipzig: Duncker and Humblot.
206. Helfferich, K. (1927). Money, 2 Vols. New York: Adelphi Co.
207. Henderson, W. O. (1933). 'The Cotton Famine on the Continent (1861-1865)'. Economic History Review, 4/2: 195-207.
208. Hendry, D. (1986). 'Econometric Modelling with Cointegrated Variables: An Overview'. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 48/3: 201-12.
209. Homer, S., and Sylla, R. A. (1991). History of Interest Rates, 3rd edn. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
210. Huffman, W. E., and Lothian, J. R. (1980). 'Money in the United Kingdom, 1833-1880'. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 12/2, 1: 155-74.
211. Hughes, J. R. T. (1960). Fluctuations in Trade, Industry and Finance: A Study in British Economic Development, 1850-1860. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
212. Hume, D. (1758). 'Of the Balance of Trade', in Essays, Moral, Political and Literary. London: Oxford University Press.
213. Hutter, J.-P. (1932). 'La famine du coton en Westphalie 1861-1865'. Revue d'Histoire Economique et Sociale, 20/4: 392-405.
214. Hutter, J.-P. (1938a). L'incidence économique de la frappe de monnaie d'argent aux Etats-Unis de 1878 à 1893: Interprétations contemporaines et essai d'évaluation quantitative. Paris: Presses Modernes.
215. Hutter, J.-P. (1938b). La question de la monnaie d'argent aux Etats-Unis des origines à 1900. Paris: Presses Modernes.
216. Jacob, W. (1931). An Historical Inquiry into the Production and Consumption of the Precious Metals, 2 Vols. London: Murray.
217. Jacoud, G. (1994). 'Stabilité monétaire et régulation étatique dans l'analyse de Léon Walras'. Revue Economique, 45/2: 257-288.
218. Jannet, C. (1892). Le capital, la spéculation et la finance au 19ème siècle. Paris: Plon.
219. Jeanneney, J.-M. (1991). 'Monnaie et mécanismes monétaires', in M. Lévy-Leboyer and J.-C. Casanova (eds.), Entre l'Etat et le marché: l'économie française des années 1880 à nos jours. Paris: Gallimard.
220. Jevons, S. W. (1868). 'On the Condition of the Metallic Currency in the United Kingdom, with Reference to the Question of International Coinage'. Journal of the Statistical Society, 31/4: 426-64.
221. Jevons, S. W. (1884). Investigations in Currency and Finance. London: Macmillan.
222. Jones, G. (ed.) (1992). Multinational and International Banking. Aldershot; Brookfield: Elgar.
223. Jones, S. L. (1964). The Election of 1896. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
224. Jonung, L. (1978). 'The Long Run Demand for Money: A Wicksellian Approach'. Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 80/2: 216-30.
225. Jourdan, F. (1861). 'The Effect of the Gold Supplies on the Foreign Exchanges between the United Kingdom and Foreign Countries, and on the Price of Silver'. Journal of the Statistical Society of London, 24/1: 38-54.
226. Juglar, C. (1868a). De la circulation fiduciaire sous le régime de l'unité et de la liberté d'émission en France, en Angleterre et aux Etats-Unis. Paris:Berger-Levrault.
227. Juglar, C. (1868b). Du change et de la liberté d'émission. Paris: Guillaumin.
228. Juglar, C. (1877). La baisse et la hausse de l'argent. Paris: Chaix.
229. Juglar, C. (1889). Des crises commerciales et de leur retour périodique en France, en Angleterre et aux Etats-Unis. Paris: Guillaumin.
230. Kareken, J., and Wallace, N. (1981). 'On the Indeterminacy of Equilibrium Exchange Rates'. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 96/2: 207-22.
231. Kauch, P. (1950). La Banque Nationale de Belgique, 1850-1918. Brussels:Banque Nationale de Belgique.
232. Kelly, P. (1835). The Universal Cambist and Commercial Instructor, 2nd edn., 2 Vols. London: Longman and Co.
233. Kenwood, A. G. and Lougheed, A. L. (1971). The Growth of the International Economy 1820-1960. London: Allen and Unwin.
234. Kindleberger, C. P. (1964). Economic Growth in France and Britain, 1851-1950. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
235. Kindleberger, C. P. (1984). 'Financial Institutions and Economic Development: A Comparison of Great Britain and France in the 18th and the 19th Centuries'. Explorations in Economic History, 21/2: 103-24.
236. Kindleberger, C. P. (1985). 'Keynesianism vs. Monetarism in Eighteenth-and Nineteenth-Century France', in C. P. Kindleberger (ed.), Keynesianism vs. Monetarism and Other Essays in Financial History. London: Allen and Unwin.
237. Kindleberger, C. P. (1989). Spenders and Hoarders: The World Distribution of Spanish American Silver, 1550-1750. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
238. Kindleberger, C. P. (1993). A Financial History of Western Europe, 2nd edn. New York:Oxford University Press.
239. Kindleberger, C. P. (2000). Manias, panics and crashes: a history of financial crises, 4th edn. New York: Wiley.
240. Kiyotaki, N., and Wright, R. (1989). 'On Money as a Medium of Exchange'. Journal of Political Economy, 97/4: 927-54.
241. Kravis, I., and Lipsey, R. E. (1978). 'Price Behavior in the Light of Balance of Payment Theories'. Journal of International Economics, 8/2: 193-248.
242. Krugman, P. (1991). 'Target Zones and Exchange Rate Dynamics'. Quarterly Journal of Economics. 106/3: 669-82.
243. Laffitte, J. (1932). Mémoires de Laffitte 1767-1844, publiés par Paul Duchon. Paris: Firmin Didot.
244. Laidler, D. (1991). The Golden Age of the Quantity Theory. Princeton:Princeton University Press.
245. Landes, D. (1956). 'Vieille banque et banque nouvelle: la révolution financière du 19e siècle'. Revue d'Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine, 3/3:204-22.
246. Laughlin, J. L. (1886). The History of Bimetallism in the United States. New York: Appleton.
247. Laughlin, J. L. (1895). Gold and prices since 1873. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
248. Laughlin, J. L. (1896). The history of bimetallism in the United States... with new appendices, and a study of the fall of silver since 1885, 3rd edn. New York:Appleton and Company.
249. Laughlin, J. L. (1903). The Principles of Money. New York; London: Murray.
250. Laveleye, E. de. (1860). Le marché financier et ses crises depuis 50 ans. Paris: Guillaumin.
251. Laughlin, J. L. (1881). Le Bimétallisme International. Paris: Picard.
252. Laughlin, J. L. (1885). 'La Crise et la Contraction Monétaire'. Journal des Economistes, 29/3: 411-22.
253. Laughlin, J. L. (1891). La monnaie et le bimétallisme international. Paris: Alcan.
254. Leti, G. (1936). Henri Cernuschi, patriote, financier, philantrope, apôtre du bimétallisme: sa vie, sa doctrine, ses oeuvres. Paris: Les Presses Universitaires de France.
255. Le Touzé, C. (1868). Traité théorique et pratique du change, des arbitrages et des matières d'or et d'argent, contenant les changes et les monnaies des principales places de commerce du monde, 2nd edn. Paris: Guillaumin.
256. Levan-Lemesle, L. (1983). 'L'analyse du bimétallisme chez Bertrand Nogaro', mimeo, University Paris 9 Dauphine.
257. Levan-Lemesle, L. (2003). L'enseignement de l'économie politique en France. Paris:Comité pour l'Histoire Economique et Financière.
258. Levasseur, E. (1858). La question de l'or: les mines de Californie et d'Australie, les anciennes mines d'or et d'argent, leur production, la distribution et l'emploi des métaux précieux, l'influence des nouvelles mines d'or sur la société. Paris: Guillaumin.
259. Levasseur, E. (1912). Histoire du commerce de la France. 2: De 1789 à nos jours. Paris: Rousseau.
260. Lévy-Leboyer, M. (1968). 'Le rôle historique de la monnaie de banque'. Annales: Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations, 28: 1-8.
261. Lévy-Leboyer, M. (1977a). 'La balance des paiements et l'exportation des capitaux français', in Maurice Lévy-Leboyer (ed.), La Position Internationale de la France: Aspects Economiques et Financiers, 19e-20e siècles. Paris: Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales.
262. Lévy-Leboyer, M. (1977b). 'Crédit et monnaie: l'apprentissage du marché', in Braudel, F. and Labrousse, E. (eds.), Histoire économique et sociale de la France. 3,1, L'Avénement de l'ère industrielle, pp. 405-20. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.
263. Lévy-Leboyer, M. (1989). 'Central Banking and Foreign Trade: The Anglo-American Cycle in the 1830s', in C. P. Kindleberger and J.-P. Laffargue (eds.), Financial Crises:Theory, History and Policy. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press; Paris: Ed. de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
264. Lévy-Leboyer, M, and Bourguignon, F. (1985). L'Economie française au 19e siècle. Paris:Economica.
265. Lévy-Leboyer, M, and Casanova, J.-C. (eds.) (1991). Entre l'Etat et le marché: l'économie française des années 1880 à nos jours. Paris: Gallimard.
266. Lexis, W. (1891). 'Doppelwährung', in Handwörterrbuch der Staatswissenchaften, 2nd edn. Jena: Fischer.
267. Liesse, A. (1909). Evolution of Credit and Banks in France, from Founding of the Bank of France to the Present Time. Washington: Government Printing Office.
268. Lindert, P. K. (1969). 'Key Currencies and Gold 1900-1913'. Princeton Studies in International Finance, No. 24: 85.
269. Luzatti, L. (1883). 'Delle attinenze dei biglietti di banca col bimetallismo', in Nuova Antologia di Scienze, Lettere, ed Arti, 2nd Series, 524-45.
270. Mac Closkey, D. N. (1985). The rhetoric of economics. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
271. Mac Closkey, D. N, and Zecher, J. R. (1976). 'How the Gold Standard Worked, 1880-1913', in J. A. Frenkel and H. G. Johnson (eds.), The Monetary Approach to the Balance of Payments. London: Allen and Unwin.
272. Mac Closkey, D. N. (1984). 'The Success of Purchasing Power Parity: Historical Evidence and Its Implications for Macroeconomics', in M. D. Bordo and A. J. Schwartz (eds.), A Retrospective on the Classical Gold Standard, 1821-1931. Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
273. Mac Culloch, J. R. (1859). A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical, and Historical, of Commerce and Commercial Navigation. London: Longman, Green, Longman and Roberts.
274. Mac Kenzie, C. (1954). Realms of Silver: One Hundred Years of Banking in the East. London: Routledge and Kegan.
275. Mac Kinnon, R. (1963). 'Optimum Currency Areas', American Economic Review. 53, 717-25.
276. Mac Kinnon, R. (1996). The Rules of the Game: International Money and Exchange Rates. Cambridge: MIT Press.
277. Machlup, F. (1964). International Payments, Debts and Gold. New York:Scribner's.
278. Magliani, A. (1874). 'La quistione monetaria'. Nuova Antologia di Scienze, Lettere, ed Arti, 2nd Series, 190-224.
279. Magne, P. (1869). 'Institution d'une enquête sur le régime monétaire:historique de la question'. Journal des Economistes, 16/47: 279-81.
280. Malou, J. (1873). 'Mémoires inédits d'une vieille pièce de 20 francs', in J. Malou (ed.), La question monétaire. Brussels: Imprimerie E. Guyot.
281. Malou, J. (1880). Documents relatifs à la question monétaire, 4 Vols. Brussels:Hayez.
282. Marchal, J., and Piquet-Marchal, M. O. (1977). 'Essai sur la nature et l'évolution du billet de banque'. Revue Internationale d'Histoire de la Banque, 14.
283. Marco, L., and Laurent, E. (1990). Le Journal des Economistes: Historique et Tables Résumées, 1841-1940. Paris: Ed. de l'Andese.
284. Marion, M. (1914). Histoire financière de la France depuis 1715. Paris:Rousseau.
285. Martin, D. A. (1968). 'Bimetallism in the United States Before 1850'. Journal of Political Economy, 76/3: 428-42.
286. Martin, D. A. (1973). '1853: The End of Bimetallism in the United States'. Journal of Economic History, 33/4: 825-44.
287. Martin, D. A. (1977). 'The impact of Mid-Nineteenth Century Gold Depreciation upon Western Monetary Standards'. Journal of European Economic History, 6/3:641-58.
288. Martin, J. B. (1882). 'On the Condition of Old Coinage'. Journal of the Institute of Bankers, 4/4: 179-82.
289. Marx, K. (1968). Le Capital, 3 Vols. Paris: Ed. de la Pléiade.
290. Matigny, H. de. (1859). De la disparition de la monnaie d'argent et de son remplacement par la monnaie d'or, ou situation de la France en 1859. Paris:Matigny.
291. Matsuyama, K., Kiyotaki, N., and Matsui, A. (1991). 'Toward a Theory of International Currency'. Review of Economic Studies, 60/2: 283-307.
292. Mauro, F. (1961). 'Towards an "Intercontinental Model": European Overseas Expansion between 1500 and 1800'. Economic History Review, New Series, 14/1: 1-17.
293. Mertens, J. (1944). La naissance et le développement de l'Etalon Or: 1696-1922. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
294. Meuvret, J. (1970). 'Monetary Circulation in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries', in R. Cameron (ed.), Essays in French Economic History. Homewood: Irwin.
295. Michaud, G. (ed.) (1959). Les routes de France, depuis les origines jusqu'à nos jours. Paris: Association pour la Diffusion de la Pensée Française.
296. Mill, J. S. (1894). Principles of Political Economy, with Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, 2 Vols. New York: Appleton.
297. Milward, A. (1996). 'The Gold Standard: How It All Began', in J. Braga De Macedo, B. Eichengreen, and J. Reis (eds.), Currency Convertibility: The Gold Standard and Beyond. London; New York: Routledge.
298. Milward, A, and Saul, S. B. (1973). An Economic Development of Continental Europe: 1780-1870. London: Allen and Unwin.
299. Mitchell, B. R. (1980). European Historical Statistics, 1750-1975, 2nd rev. edn. London: Macmillan.
300. Mitchell, B. R. (1988). British Historical Statistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
301. Molinari, G. de. (1854). 'De la dépréciation de l'or'. Journal des Economistes, 2/5: 192-218.
302. Mollien, F. N., Comte (1898). 'Note sur l'état de la monnaie en France en 1810', in Comte F. N. Mollien (ed.), Mémoires d'un ministre du Trésor Public, 1780-1815, Vol. 3. Paris: Guillaumin.
303. Morgan, V. (1965). The Theory and Practice of Central Banking, 1797-1913. London: Frank Cass.
304. Morgenstern, O. (1959). International Financial Transactions and Business Cycles. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
305. Morgenstern, O. (1965). On the Accuracy of Economic Observations. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
306. Morineau, M. (1985). Incroyables gazettes et fabuleux métaux: les retours des trésors américains d'après les gazettes hollandaises (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles). London; New York: Cambridge University Press; Paris: Maison des sciences de l'homme.
307. Mulhall, M. G. (1881). Balance-Sheet of the World for Ten Years: 1870-1880. London: E. Stanford.
308. Mulhall, M. G. (1903). The Dictionary of Statistics. London: Routledge and Sons.
309. Nakagawa, Y. (1981). La circulation monétaire dans les départements français des années 1870 à 1914. D. Thesis, University of Paris 10.
310. Neal, L. (1987). 'Integration of International Capital Markets: Quantitative Evidence from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Centuries'. Journal of Economic History, 47/1: 97-115.
311. Neal, L. (1990). The Rise of Financial Capitalism: International Capital Markets in the Age of Reason. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
312. Newman, P., Milgate, M., and Eatwell, J. (eds.) (1992). The New Palgrave Dictionary of Money and Finance, 3 Vols. New York: Stockton Press.
313. Newmarch, W. (1853). The New Supplies of Gold: Facts and Statements, Relative to Their Actual Amount and Their Present and Probable Effects. London: Richardson.
314. Niehans, J. (1978). The Theory of Money. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
315. Nishimura, S. (1971). The Decline of Inland Bills of Exchange in the London Money Market, 1855-1913. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
316. Nogaro, B. (1908). 'L'expérience bimétalliste du 19e siècle'. Revue d'Economie Politique, 641-74.
317. Nogaro, B. (1927). Modern Monetary Systems. London: P. S. King and Sons.
318. Nogaro, B. (1945). La monnaie et les systèmes monétaires. Paris: Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence.
319. Nogaro, B. (1947). Cours d'économie politique, 4th edn., 2 Vols. Paris: Domat-Montchrestien.
320. Nogaro, B. (1949). A Short Treatise on Money and Monetary Systems. London; New York: Staples Press.
321. O'Brien, P., and Keyder, C. (1978). Economic Growth in Britain and France, 1780-1914: Two Paths to the Twentieth Century. London: Allen and Unwin.
322. O'Leary, P. M. (1960). 'The Scene of the Crime of 1873 Revisited: A Note'. Journal of Political Economy, 68/4: 388-92.
323. Officer, L. H. (1983). 'Dollar-Sterling Mint Parity and Exchange Rates, 1791-1834'. Journal of Economic History, 43/3: 579-616.
324. Officer, L. H. (1986). 'The Efficiency of the Dollar-Sterling Gold Standard, 1890-1908'. Journal of Political Economy, 94/5: 1002-37.
325. Officer, L. H. (1989). 'The Remarkable Efficiency of the Dollar Sterling Gold Standard, 1890-1906'. Journal of Economic History, 49/1: 1-41.
326. Officer, L. H. (1996). Between the dollar-sterling gold points: exchange rates, parity, and market behavior. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
327. Oppers, S. E. (1993). 'Arbitrage in Bimetallic Money Supplies: Evidence from the Exchange Rate'. Papers of the Michigan Research Forum on International Economics, 338.
328. Oppers, S. (1996). 'Was the Worldwide Shift to Gold Inevitable? An Analysis of the End of Bimetallism', Journal of Monetary Economics, 37/1: 143-6.
329. Oppers, S. (2000). 'A Model of the Bimetallic System', Journal of Monetary Economics, 46/2: 517-3.
330. Palgrave, R. H. I., Sir (ed.) (1894-1908). Dictionary of Political Economy, 3 Vols. London: Macmillan.
331. Pareto, V. (1964). Oeuvres complètes. 1. Cours d'Economie Politique. new edn. Geneva: Droz.
332. Parieu, E. de. (1860). 'La question monétaire française considérée dans ses rapports avec la législation monétaire des pays étrangers'. Journal des Economistes, No. 4: 1-25.
333. Parieu, E. de. (1868). La question monétaire et l'opportunité de sa solution. Paris:Bureau de la Revue Contemporaine.
334. Parieu, E. de. (1869). 'Les conférences monétaires internationales de 1865 et 1867 et leurs résultats'. Journal des Economistes, 3rd Series, 13 (February): 243-66.
335. Parieu, E. de. (1871). 'La Question de l'unification monétaire en 1870'. Journal des Economistes, 3rd Series, 18 (May): 147-57.
336. Parieu, E. de. (1872). La politique monétaire en France et en Allemagne. Paris:Sauton.
337. Parieu, E. de. (1875). 'La révolution monétaire par la dépréciation de l'argent'. Journal des Economistes, 3rd Series, 34 (August): 156-72.
338. Parieu, E. de. (1876). Interpellation relative à la convention monétaire de 1876 faite au Sénat par M. E. de Parieu... dans la Séance du 21 mars 1876. Paris: Impr. A. Pougin.
339. Parieu, E. de. (1877). 'La question monétaire internationale en 1872: à propos de la nouvelle loi monétaire de l'Allemagne'. Revue de France, 3 (July): 5-15.
340. Parieu, E. de. (1879). 'Le progrès et la réaction dans la législation monétaire'. Journal des Economistes, No. 4: 33-9.
341. Perkins, E. J. (1974). 'The Emergence of a Futures Market for Foreign Exchange in the United States'. Explorations in Economic History, 11/3: 193-213.
342. Perkins, E. J. (1975). Financing Anglo-American Trade. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
343. Perkins, E. J. (1978). 'Foreign Interest Rates in American Financial Markets: A Revised Series of Dollar Sterling Exchange Rates, 1835-1900'. Journal of Economic History, 38/2: 392-417.
344. Perroux, F. (1944). 'Les banques d'émission et l'Etat'. Revue d'Economie Politique, December.
345. Petit, C.-J. (1972). La difficile mise en oeuvre d'un nouveau système monétaire: de la Constituante à Napoléon III. Master's Dissertation, University of Rennes.
346. Pinaud, P. F. (1983). Les Trésoriers-payeurs généraux au XIXème siècle:répertoires nominatif et territorial. Paris: Ed. de l'Erudit.
347. Plessis, A. (1985a). La Banque de France et ses deux cents actionnaires sous le Second Empire. Geneva: Droz.
348. Plessis, A. (1985b). La politique de la Banque de France de 1851 à 1870. Geneva:Droz.
349. Plessis, A. (1985c). Les régents et gouverneurs de la Banque de France sous le Second Empire. Geneva: Droz.
350. Poisat, M. B. (1851). Discours et rapports sur les monnaies et les métaux précieux. Paris: Firmin Didot.
351. Polanyi, Karl, (1944). The great transformation. New York; Toronto: Farrar & Rinehart, inc.
352. Pollard, S., and Ziegler, D. (1992). 'Banking and Industrialization: Rondo Cameron Twenty Years On', in Y. Cassis (ed.), Finance and Financiers in European History, 1880-1960. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press; Paris: Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
353. Pose, A. (1942). La Monnaie et ses Institutions, 2 Vols. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
354. Prince-Smith, J. (1869). 'Währung und Münze'. Annalen des deutschen Reichs, Hirth, 143.
355. Pupin, R. (1916). La Richesse de la France devant la guerre. Paris: Rivière.
356. Pupin, R. (1917). 'La circulation et la thésaurisation des monnaies d'or en France'. Journal de la Société de Statistique de Paris, No. 58: 308-24.
357. Quinn, S. (1996). 'Gold, Silver, and the Glorious Revolution: Arbitrage between Bills of Exchange and Bullion', Economic History Review, 49/3: 473-90.
358. Ramon, G. (1929). Histoire de la Banque de France d'après les sources originales. Paris: Grasset.
359. Rastel, G. (1935). Les controverses doctrinales sur le bimétallisme au 19e siècle. Paris: Presses Modernes.
360. Redish, A. (1990). 'The Evolution of the Gold Standard in England'. Journal of Economic History, 50/4: 789-805.
361. Redish, A. (1995). 'The Persistance of Bimetallism in 19th Century France'. Economic History Review, 48/4: 717-36.
362. Redish, A. (2000). Bimetallism: An Economic and Historical Analysis. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
363. Reis, J. (1996). 'Portugal: First to Join the Gold Standard', in J. Braga de Macedo, B. Eichengreen, and J. Reis (eds.), Currency Convertibility: The Gold Standard and Beyond. London; New York: Routledge.
364. Reis, J. (2002). 'An art not a science: central bank management in Portugal under the gold standard, 1854-1891', mimeo, Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa.
365. Reserve Bank of India (1954). Banking and Monetary Statistics in India. Bombay: Reserve Bank of India.
366. Riley, J. C., and Mac Cusker, J. J. (1983). 'Economic Growth, and the Quantity Theory of Money: France, 1650-1788'. Explorations in Economic History, 20:274-93.
367. Rist, C. (1951). Histoire des doctrines relatives au crédit et à la monnaie depuis John Law jusqu'à nos jours. Paris: Sirey.
368. Roccas, M. (1990). 'L'Italia e il sistema monetario internazionale dagli anni sessanta agli anni novanta del seccolo scorso', in Ricerche per la storia della Banca d'Italia, Vol. 1, pp. 3-67. Roma: Laterza.
369. Rolnick, A. J., and Weber, W. (1986). 'Gresham's Law or Gresham's Fallacy?'. Journal of Political Economy, 94/1: 185-99.
370. Roulleau, G. (1912). 'La production et les mouvements internationaux des métaux précieux au début du 20e siècle'. Journal de la Société de Statistique de Paris, 53/2: 70-91.
371. Roulleau, G. (1914). Les Règlements par Effets de Commerce en France et à l'Etranger. Paris: Imprimerie Dubreuil, Frèrebeau et Cie.
372. Roover, R. de. (1968). The Bruges Money Market around 1400. Brussels:Paleis der Akademien.
373. Russell, H. B. (1898). International Monetary Conferences. New York; London:Harper and Brothers.
374. Saint-Clair, D. J. (1998). 'California Quicksilver in the Pacific Rim Economy, 1850-90', in S. M. Miller, A. J. H. Latham, and D. O. Flynn (eds.), Studies in the Economic History of the Pacific Rim. London; New York: Routledge.
375. Saint-Marc, M. (1974). 'Introduction aux statistiques monétaires et financières de la France'. Journal de la Société de Statistique de Paris.
376. Saint-Marc, M. (1983). Histoire monétaire de la France 1800-1980. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
377. Salant, S. W., and Henderson, D. W. (1978). 'Market Anticipations of Government Policies and the Price of Gold'. Journal of Political Economy, 86/4: 627-48.
378. Salant, S. W., and Henderson, D. W. (1983). 'The Vulnerability of Price Stabilization Schemes to Speculative Attack'. Journal of Political Economy, 91/1: 1-38.
379. Sanucci, V. (1989). 'The Establishment of a Central Bank: Italy in the 19th Century', in M. De Cecco and A. Giovannini (eds.), A European Central Bank? Perspectives on Monetary Unification after Ten Years of the EMS. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
380. Say, H. (1843). 'Du projet de centralisation de la fabrication des monnaies et du projet de remplacer par une monnaie de bronze les monnaies de cuivre et de billon actuellement en circulation'. Journal des Economistes, No. 4: 366-82.
381. Say, H. (1847). 'La crise financière et la Banque de France'. Journal des Economistes, No. 16: 193-207.
382. Say, J.-B. (1826). Traité d'économie politique. Paris: Guillaumin.
383. Say, J.-B. (1832). Cours complet d'économie politique pratique. Paris: Guillaumin.
384. Say, L. (1874). Rapport sur le payement de l'indemnité de guerre et sur les opérations de change qui en ont été la conséquence. Paris:Guillaumin.
385. Say, L. (1883). Dix jours en Haute Italie. Paris: Guillaumin.
386. Say, L. (1891-92). Nouveau dictionnaire d'économie politique, 2 Vols. Paris:Guillaumin.
387. Say, L. (1896). 'Préface', in G.J. Goschen (ed.), Théorie des changes étrangers ... traduit et précédé d'une introduction par M. Léon Say.... suivie du Rapport fait au nom de la commission du budget de 1875 sur le payement de l'indemnité de guerre et sur les opérations de change qui en ont été la conséquence, par M. Léon Say,.... Paris: Guillaumin: 1896.
388. Say, L. (1892-1901). Les finances de la France sous la Troisième République, 4 Vols. Paris: Calmann-Lévy.
389. Sayers, R. S. (1933). 'The Question of the Standard in the Eighteenfifties'. Economic History, a Supplement to the Economic Journal, 2/8: 575-601.
390. Sayers, R. S. (1935). 'The Question of the Standard, 1815-1844'. Economic History, a Supplement for the Economic Journal, 3/10: 79-102.
391. Sayers, R. S. (1936). Bank of England Operations, 1890-1914. London: King.
392. Schneider, J., Schwarzer, O., and Zellfelder, F. (eds.) (1991). Europäische und nordamerikanische Devisenkurse, 3 Vols. Stuttgart: In Kommission bei F. Steiner.
393. Schumpeter, J. (1954). History of Economic Analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.
394. Schwartz, A. (ed.) (1992). Commodity Moneys. London: Elgar.
395. Selgin, G. (1996). 'Salvaging Gresham's Law: The Good, the Bad, and the Illegal', Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 28/4: 637-49.
396. Selgin, G. (2002). 'Steam, hot air, and the Gold Standard', mimeo, University of Georgia.
397. Senior, N. W. (1830). Three Lectures on the Transmission of the Precious Metals from Country to Country and the Mercantile Theory of Wealth, 2nd edn. London: J. Murray.
398. Seyd, E. (1858). California and Its Resources: A Work for the Merchant, the Capitalist and the Emigrant. London: Trübner and Co.
399. Seyd, E. (1868). Bullion and Foreign Exchanges, Theoretically and Practically Considered, Followed by a Defence of the Double Valuation. London: Wilson.
400. Seyd, E. (1869). The Depreciation of Labour and Property which Would Follow the Demonetization of Silver. London: Wilson.
401. Seyd, E. (1876). The Fall in the Price of Silver: Its Causes, Its Consequences, and Their Possible Avoidance, with Special Reference to India. London: King and Co.
402. Seyd, E. (1879). The Decline of Prosperity: Its Insidious Cause and Obvious Remedy. London: Stanford.
403. Shaw, W. A. (1892). The History of Currency: 1252 to 1894. London: Wilsons and Milne.
404. Shrigley, I. (1935). The Price of Gold: Documents Illustrating the Statutory Control through the Bank of England of the Market Price of Gold, 1694-1931. London: King.
405. Sicsic, P. (1989). 'Estimation du stock de monnaie métallique en France à la fin du 19e siècle'. Revue Economique, 40/4: 709-35.
406. Siegenthaler, H., Ritzmann-Blickenstorfer, H. (eds.) (1996). Historische Statistik der Schweitz = Statistique historique de la Suisse = Historical Statistics of Switzerland. Zürich: Chronos.
407. Soetbeer, A. (1852). Andeutungen in Bezug auf die vermehrte Goldproduktion und ihren Einfluss. Hamburg: Perthes-Besser und Mauke.
408. Soetbeer, A. (1879). Edelmetall Produktion und Werthverhältniss zwischen Gold und Silber seit der Entdeckung Amerika's bis zur Gegenwart. Gotha: Perthes.
409. Soetbeer, A. (1888). 'Materials toward the Elucidation of the Economic Conditions Affecting the Precious Metals and the Question of Standards', in United States Congress (50th, 1st session: 1887-1888) House. House Miscellaneous Documents of the House of Representatives for the First Session of the Fiftieth Congress, 1887-1888. Washington: Government Printing Office.
410. Soetbeer, A. (1889). Matériaux pour faciliter l'intelligence et l'examen des rapports économiques des métaux précieux et de la question monétaire. Paris; Nancy:Berger-Levrault.
411. Soetbeer, A. (1892). Litteraturnachweis über Geld Munzwesen, insbesondere über den Währungsstreit, 1871-1891. Berlin: Puttkammer.
412. Sommariva, A., and Tullio, G. (1988). 'International Gold Flows in Gold Standard Germany, 1800-1911: A Test of the Monetary Approach to the Balance of Payments'. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 20/1: 132-40.
413. Spooner, F. C. (1956). L'économie mondiale et les frappes monétaires en France, 1493-1680. Paris: S E V P E N.
414. Spooner, F. C. (1972). The International Economy and Monetary Movements in France, 1493-1725. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
415. Sprenger, B. (1981). Währungswesen und Währungspolitik in Deutschland, von 1834 bis 1875. Köln: Forschunginstitut für Sozial-und Wirtschaftsgeschichte an der Universität zu Köln.
416. Sprenger, B. (1983). Geldmengenänderungen in Deutschland im Zeitalter der Industrialisierung, von 1835 bis 1913. Köln: Forschunginstitut für Sozial-und Wirtschaftsgeschichte an der Universität zu Köln.
417. Stern, F. R. (1979). Gold and Iron: Bismark, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire. New York: Vintage Books.
418. Stirling, P. J. (1853). The Australian and Californian Gold Discoveries. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.
419. Tate, W. (1829). A manual of exchanges; forming a complete synopsis of the calculations of foreign exchanges, in the direct, indirect, and cross operations of bills of exchange and bullions... London: Robinson.
420. Tate, W. (1834). The modern cambist: forming a manual of foreign exchanges, in the direct, indirect, and cross operations of bills of exchange and bullions..., 2nd edn. London: Effingham Wilson.
421. Tate, W. (1836). The modern cambist: forming a manual of foreign exchanges, in the direct, indirect, and cross operations of bills of exchange and bullions..., 3rd edn. London: Effingham Wilson.
422. Tate, W. (1842). The modern cambist: forming a manual of foreign exchanges, in the direct, indirect, and cross operations of bills of exchange and bullions..., 4th edn. London: Effingham Wilson.
423. Tate, W. (1852). The modern cambist: forming a manual of foreign exchanges, in the different operations of bills of exchange and bullions..., 7th edn. London:Effingham Wilson.
424. Tate, W. (1856). The modern cambist: forming a manual of foreign exchanges, in the different operations of bills of exchange and bullions..., 8th edn. London:Effingham Wilson.
425. Taussig, F. W. (1927). Principles of economics, 3rd edn. New York: Macmillan.
426. Temin, P. (1968). 'The Economic Consequences of the Bank War'. Journal of Political Economy, 76/2: 257-74.
427. Temin, P. (1969). The Jacksonian Economy. New York: Norton.
428. Thuillier, G. (1974). 'Le stock monétaire en l'an Dix'. Revue d'Histoire Economique et Sociale, 52/2: 247-57.
429. Thuillier, G. (1983). La monnaie en France au début du 19e siècle. Geneva: Droz.
430. Timberlake, R. H. (1978). 'Repeal of Silver Monetization in the Late Nineteenth Century'. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 10/1: 27-45.
431. Tooke, T. (1826). Considerations on the State of the Currency. London: Murray.
432. Tooke, T. (1844). An Inquiry into the Currency Principle, 2nd edn. London:Longman.
433. Tooke, T. and Newmarch, W. (1928). A History of Prices and of the State of the Circulation from 1792 to 1856, 6 Vols. London: King.
434. United States Bureau of the Census (1975). Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1970: Bicentennial edition. Washington:Government Printing Office.
435. United States Congress (50th, 1st session: 1887-8) House (1888). House Miscellaneous Documents of the House of Representatives for the First Session of the Fiftieth Congress, 1887-1888. Washington: Government Printing Office.
436. United States Congress (53rd, 2nd session: 1893-5) Senate (1895). Coinage Laws of the United States 1792 to 1894, Senate Report No. 235. Washington:GPO.
437. Van Cauwenberghe, E. (1989). Precious Metals, Coinage, and the Changes of Monetary Structures in Latin-America, Europe and Asia. Leuven: Leuven University Press.
438. Van der Eng, P. (1993). 'The Silver Standard and Asia's Integration into the World Economy, 1850-1914'. Mimeo, Workshop on the History of International Monetary Arrangements, May.
439. Van Der Wee, H. (1977). 'Money, Credit and Banking Systems', in E. E. Rich and C. H. Wilson (eds.), The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, 5: The Economic Organization of Early Modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
440. Vibert, F.-C. (1844). Traité pratique de la réduction des monnaies, changes étrangers, poids, mesures et usages des principales villes de commerce des quatre parties du monde: frêts, assurances, traif des douanes françaises à l'importation, tarif de douane nouvellement adopté par le gouvernement chinois [...]. Paris: Bureau.
441. Vicat Turrell, R., and Van Helten, J. J. (1992). 'The Rothschilds, the Exploration Company and Mining Finance', in G. Jones (ed.), Multinational and International Banking. Aldershot; Brookfield: Elgar.
442. Vilar, P. (1974). Or et monnaie dans l'histoire, Paris: Flammarion.
443. Viner, J. (1924). Canada's Balance of International Indebtedness, 1900-1913: An Introductive Study in the Theory of International Trade. Cambridge:Harvard University Press.
444. Viner, J. (1937). Studies in the Theory of International Trade. New York: Harper and Brothers.
445. Viner, J. (1975). Studies in the Theory of International Trade. Clifton: Kelley.
446. Vitu, A. (1864). Guide financier: recherches sur les bourses françaises et sur les principaux marchés de l'Europe, de l'Amérique et des Indes. Paris:Hachette.
447. Vrolik, A. (1853). Le système monétaire du Royaume des Pays-Bas: la refonte des monnaies d'argent et la démonétisation de l'or. Utrecht: Broese.
448. Walch, J. (1975). M. Chevalier, économiste saint-simonien. Paris: Vrin.
449. Walras, A., and Walras, L. (1987-1996). Oeuvres économiques complètes, 14 Vols. Paris: Economica.
450. Walras, L. (1881). Théorie mathématique du bimétallisme. Lausanne: Corbaz.
451. Walras, L. (1883). Théorie mathématique de la richesse sociale. Lausanne: Corbaz.
452. Walras, L. (1884). Monnaie d'or avec billon d'argent régulateur: principes posés à la Conférence internationale pour la prorogation de l'Union latine. Brussels:s.p.
453. Walras, L. (1886). Théorie de la monnaie. Lausanne: Corbaz.
454. Walras, L. (1988). 'Eléments d'économie politique pure ou Théorie de la richesse sociale', in A. Walras and L. Walras (eds.), Oeuvres économiques complètes, Vol. 8. Paris: Economica.
455. Walras, L. (1990a). 'Contribution à l'étude des variations des prix depuis la suspension de la frappe des écus d'argent', in A. Walras and L. Walras (eds), Oeuvres économiques complètes, Vol. 10. Paris: Economica.
456. Walras, L. (1990b). 'Note sur la solution du problème monétaire Anglo-Indien', in A. Walras and L. Walras (eds.), Oeuvres économiques complètes, Vol. 10. Paris: Economica.
457. Walras, L. (1990c). 'Le Problème Monétaire en Europe et aux Etats Unis', in A. Walras and L. Walras (eds.), Oeuvres économiques complètes, Vol. 10. Paris: Economica.
458. Walras, L. (1990d). 'Le péril bimétalliste', in A. Walras and L. Walras (eds.), Oeuvres économiques complètes, Vol. 10. Paris: Economica.
459. Walras, L. (1990e). 'Théorie mathématique du bimétallisme', in A. Walras and L. Walras (eds.), Oeuvres économiques complètes, Vol. 11. Paris: Economica.
460. Warren, G. F., and Pearson, F. A. (1935). Gold and Prices. New York: Wiley.
461. Weber, E. J. (1976). Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France, 1870-1914. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
462. Weil, P. (1991). 'Currency Competition and the Evolution of Multi-currency Regions', in Giovannini, A., Mayer, C. (eds.), European Financial Integration. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
463. White, H. D. (1933). The French International Accounts, 1880-1913. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
464. Whittlesey, C. R., and Wilson, J. S. G. (1968). Essays in Money and Banking in Honour of R. S. Sayers. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
465. Wicksell, K. (1962). Interest and Prices: A Study of the Causes Regulating the Value of Money, new edn. New York: A. K. Kelley.
466. Williamson, J. G. (1961). 'International Trade and United States Economic Development: 1827-1843'. Journal of Economic History, 21/3: 372-83.
467. Williamson, J. G, and Clemens, M. (2000). 'Where did British Foreign Capital Go? Fundamentals, Failures and the Lucas Paradox: 1870-1913', National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 8028.
468. Willis, H. P. (1901). A History of the Latin Union. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
469. Wolowski, L. (1868). De l'influence du change sur le marché monétaire. Paris:Claye.
470. Wolowski, L. (1869a). Le change et la circulation. Paris: Guillaumin.
471. Wolowski, L. (1869b). La Question monétaire, 2nd edn. Paris: Guillaumin.
472. Wolowski, L. (1870). L'or et l'argent, 2nd edn. Paris: Guillaumin.
473. Wood, E. (1939). English Theories of Central Banking Control, 1819-1858. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
474. Woodford, D. (1991). 'Does Competition between Currencies Lead to Price Level and Exchange Rate Stability', in Giovannini, A., Mayer, C. (eds.), European Financial Integration. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
475. Woodford, D, and Taylor, J. B. (eds.) (1999). Handbook of Macroeconomics. Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier.
476. Yeager, L. B. (1976). International Monetary Relations: Theory, History, and Policy, 2nd edn. New York: Harper and Row.
477. Zola, E. (1891). L'Argent. Paris: Bibliothèque-charpentier.
478. Zola, E. (1987). Carnets d'enquêtes: une ethnographie inédite de la France. Paris: Plon.