Stalking: The criminal law response

Criminal Law Review

Volumn 1997, Issue 7, 1997, Pages 463-470

  Wells, Celia ^a  

^a CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 3042949374     PISSN: 0011135X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Catharine Mackinnon theorised it, Toward a Feminist Theory of the State (Harvard University Press 1989), while others chronicled it, for example Liz Kelly, Surviving Sexual Violence (Polity Press, 1988).
2. Catharine Mackinnon theorised it, Toward a Feminist Theory of the State (Harvard University Press 1989), while others chronicled it, for example Liz Kelly, Surviving Sexual Violence (Polity Press, 1988).
3. Sergio Cotta, Why Violence? (University of Florida Press 1985), pp.9-11.
4. July 1996. See editorial [1996] Crim.L.R. 761.
5. s.3(9). The Act received Royal Assent on March 21, 1997.
6. See the useful discussion of legislative responses in the USA and Australia in M. Goode, "Stalking: A Crime of the Nineties" (1995) 19 Crim.L.J. 21.
7. Telecommunications Act 1984, s.43.
8. Malicious Communications Act 1988, s.1.
9. Savage and Parmenter [1991] 4 All E.R. 698.
10. ibid.
11. See Allen, "Look Who's Stalking: Seeking a Solution to the Problem of Stalking" (1996) 4 Web. Journal of Current Legal Issues I and editorial [1966] 6 Archbold News 1.
12. See Allen, "Look Who's Stalking: Seeking a Solution to the Problem of Stalking" (1996) 4 Web. Journal of Current Legal Issues I and editorial [1966] 6 Archbold News 1.
13. See Allen, "Look Who's Stalking: Seeking a Solution to the Problem of Stalking" (1996) 4 Web. Journal of Current Legal Issues I and editorial [1966] 6 Archbold News 1.
14. Ireland [1997] 1 All E.R. 112; Burstow, The Times, July 30, 1996 (both on appeal to the House of Lords, May 1997, awaiting judgment); Constanza, The Times, March 31, 1997, C.A.; see Lawson-Cruttendon and Hussain, "Psychological Assault and Harassment" (1996) 146 New Law Journal 1326.
15. Ireland [1997] 1 All E.R. 112; Burstow, The Times, July 30, 1996 (both on appeal to the House of Lords, May 1997, awaiting judgment); Constanza, The Times, March 31, 1997, C.A.; see Lawson-Cruttendon and Hussain, "Psychological Assault and Harassment" (1996) 146 New Law Journal 1326.
16. Ireland [1997] 1 All E.R. 112; Burstow, The Times, July 30, 1996 (both on appeal to the House of Lords, May 1997, awaiting judgment); Constanza, The Times, March 31, 1997, C.A.; see Lawson-Cruttendon and Hussain, "Psychological Assault and Harassment" (1996) 146 New Law Journal 1326.
17. Ireland [1997] 1 All E.R. 112; Burstow, The Times, July 30, 1996 (both on appeal to the House of Lords, May 1997, awaiting judgment); Constanza, The Times, March 31, 1997, C.A.; see Lawson-Cruttendon and Hussain, "Psychological Assault and Harassment" (1996) 146 New Law Journal 1326.
18. See n.11.
19. ibid. and discussion in Allen, n.10 above.
20. Miller [1954] 2 All E.R. 529, Assizes.
21. Quoting Willes J. in Ashman (1858) 1 F. & F. 88 at 89.
22. Miller, n.14, per Lynskey J. at 534.
23. Textbook of Criminal Law (2nd ed., 1983), p.161.
24. [1994] 2 All E.R. 552.
25. At 558-559.
26. At 559.
27. Smith and Hogan, Criminal Law (8th ed., 1996), p.437.
28. The commentary in Archbold News, n.10, is particularly strong. It describes the decision of the Court of Appeal as aberrant.
29. n.18 at 559, citing Fagan v. Metropolitan Police Commr [1968] 3 All E.R. 442.
30. See Allen, n.10, p.5.
31. n.14.
32. n.18.
33. Law Commission, No. 218 Legislating the Criminal Code: Offences Against the Person 1993.
34. n.11.
35. (1888) 22 Q.B.D. 23.
36. [1984] A.C. 242.
37. n.8.
38. [1995] 1 A.C. 208.
39. Smith and Hogan, n.21, p.438.
40. n.30, following the Australian case of Salisbury [1976] V.R. 452.
41. [1992] 1 A.C. 599; now confirmed in Sexual Offences Act 1956, s.1, as substituted by Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, s.142.
42. [1992] 1 A.C. 599; now confirmed in Sexual Offences Act 1956, s.1, as substituted by Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, s.142.
43. [1992] 1 A.C. 599; now confirmed in Sexual Offences Act 1956, s.1, as substituted by Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, s.142.
44. CR V. United Kingdom (Case No. 48/1994/495/577) [1996] 1 F.L.R. 434.