The Rehnquist Court and indigenous rights: The expedited diminution of native powers of governance

Publius: The Journal of Federalism

Volumn 33, Issue 3, 2003, Pages

  Wilkins, David E ^a   Richotte, Keith ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b Turtle Mountain Band   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 3042719275     PISSN: 00485950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pubjof.a005004     Document Type: Review

References (147)

1. See, Lyng v. Northwest Indian Cemetery Protective Association, 484 U.S. (1988) on religious freedom; Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990) on religious freedom; South Dakota v. Bourland, 508 U.S. 679 (1993) on tribal power over non-members; and Seminale Tribe of Florida v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44 (1996) on tribal-state relations; for examples of earlier cases that adversely affected tribal sovereignty and Indian rights.
2. Executive Order 13084 was issued on 18 May 1998. It was titled "Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments," (Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, vol. 34, no. 20,869 (2).
3. See, Vine Deloria, Jr. and Raymond J. DeMallie, comps., Documents of American Indian Diplomacy: Treaties, Agreements, and Convention, 1775-1979, 2 vols (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999) for a comprehensive collection of these important documents.
4. Roy Harvey Pearce, Savagism and Civilization: A Study of the Indian and the American Mind (Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1953). Turtle Mountain band of Chippewa (Ojibwe) of North Dakota American Indian Studies at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
5. See, Jill Norgren, The Cherokee Cases: The Confrontation of Law and Politics (New York; McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1996); Frank Pommersheim, Braid of Feathers: American Indian Law and Contemporary Tribal Life (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995); Charles F. Wilkinson, American Indians, Time, and the Law (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987); and David E. Wilkins, American Indian Sovereignty and the U.S. Supreme Court: The Masking of Justice (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1997).
6. See, Jill Norgren, The Cherokee Cases: The Confrontation of Law and Politics (New York; McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1996); Frank Pommersheim, Braid of Feathers: American Indian Law and Contemporary Tribal Life (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995); Charles F. Wilkinson, American Indians, Time, and the Law (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987); and David E. Wilkins, American Indian Sovereignty and the U.S. Supreme Court: The Masking of Justice (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1997).
7. See, Jill Norgren, The Cherokee Cases: The Confrontation of Law and Politics (New York; McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1996); Frank Pommersheim, Braid of Feathers: American Indian Law and Contemporary Tribal Life (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995); Charles F. Wilkinson, American Indians, Time, and the Law (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987); and David E. Wilkins, American Indian Sovereignty and the U.S. Supreme Court: The Masking of Justice (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1997).
8. See, Jill Norgren, The Cherokee Cases: The Confrontation of Law and Politics (New York; McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1996); Frank Pommersheim, Braid of Feathers: American Indian Law and Contemporary Tribal Life (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1995); Charles F. Wilkinson, American Indians, Time, and the Law (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987); and David E. Wilkins, American Indian Sovereignty and the U.S. Supreme Court: The Masking of Justice (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1997).
9. Vine Deloria, Jr. and David E. Wilkins, Tribes, Treaties, and Constitutional Tribulations (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1999), p. 51.
10. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 30 U.S. 1, 17 (1831).
11. Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U.S. 515, 557 (1832).
12. The Kansas Indians, 72 U.S. 737, 755 (1866).
13. Elk v. Wilkins, 112 U.S. 94, 100 (1884).
14. United States v. Kagama, 118 U.S. 375, 383 (1886).
15. This framework is loosely modeled after the one developed by M. Maureen Murphy in a Congressional Research Service report, "Taxation Within Indian Lands: The Legal Framework," 87-249 A (July 10, 1987), pp. 2-3.
16. rd ed. (St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co., 1998) for three recent examples of authors who maintain that the Court has a more solid record of supporting tribal sovereignty than the political branches.
17. rd ed. (St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co., 1998) for three recent examples of authors who maintain that the Court has a more solid record of supporting tribal sovereignty than the political branches.
18. rd ed. (St. Paul, MN: West Publishing Co., 1998) for three recent examples of authors who maintain that the Court has a more solid record of supporting tribal sovereignty than the political branches.
19. See, United States v. Winans, 198 U.S. 371 (1905) and Winters v. United States, 207 U.S. 564 (1908).
20. See, Choate v. Trapp, 224 U.S. 665 (1912), Hodel v. Irving, 481 U.S. 704 (1987), and Babbitt v. Youpee, 519 U.S. 234 (1997).
21. Beyond Indian Law: The Rehnquist Court's Pursuit of States' Rights: Color-Blind Justice and Mainstream Values," Minnesota Law Review 86 (December 2001): 267.
22. 533 U.S. 262 (2001).
23. 530 U.S. 392 (2000).
24. 526 U.S. 172 (1999).
25. 523 U.S. 751 (1998).
26. Getches, "Beyond Indian Law," p.278.
27. 534 U.S. 84 (2001).
28. 537 U.S. 465 (2003).
29. 537 U.S. 488 (2003).
30. 123 S.Ct. 1887 (2003).
31. Deloria and Wilkins, Tribes, Treaties, pp. 51-57.
32. Wilkins, American Indian Sovereignly, p.1
33. 533 U.S. 262 (2001).
34. Ibid., 265-273.
35. Ibid., 272-73.
36. I b i d.
37. Ibid., 274.
38. Ibid., 276.
39. Ibid., 275.
40. 526 U.S. 172 (1999).
41. Ibid., 185.
42. Ibid., 188-190.
43. Ibid., 191.
44. Ibid., 195.
45. Ibid., 203.
46. 163 U.S. 504 (1896).
47. 526 U.S. 172, 204 (1999).
48. 530 U.S. 392 (2000).
49. Ibid., 418.
50. 537 U.S. 465 (2003), 123 S. Ct. 1126. Note: Although the U.S. citation is the official one, for the most recent cases, the pagination will follow that of the S. Ct. Edition, which is produced before the U.S. edition.
51. 46 537 U.S. 488, 123 S. Ct. 1079, (2003).
52. 123 S. Ct. 1126, 1130.
53. I b i d.
54. I b i d.
55. 463 U.S. 206 (1983), popularly known as Mitchell II. United States v. Mitchell, 445 U.S 535 (1980), or Mitchell II, held that the General Allotment Act of 1887 only established a "bare trust" for tribal members, which identified a specific trust relationship in regard to timber management that was enforceable by award for damages.
56. 123 S. Ct., 1126, 1133.
57. I b i d.
58. Ibid., 1137.
59. I b i d.
60. Ibid., 1139.
61. 534 U.S. 84 (2001).
62. See, Choate v. Trapp, 224 U.S. 665 (1912), Squire v. Capoeman, 351 U.S. 1 (1956), and McClanahan v. Arizona State Tax Commission, 411 U.S. 164 (1973).
63. 534 U.S. 84 (2001).
64. Ibid., 95.
65. I b i d.
66. 123 S.Ct. 1887 (2003).
67. Ibid., 1890.
68. Ibid., 1888.
69. Bishop Paiute Tribe v. County of Inyo, 291 F.3d 549 (2002).
70. 123 S.Ct. 1887, 1892
71. Ibid., 1894.
72. I b i d.
73. I b i d.
74. See, Turner v. United States and Creek Nation of Indians, 248 U.S. 354 (1919), United States v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co., 309 U.S. 506 (1940), among others.
75. 526 U.S. 865 (1999).
76. 523 U.S. 696 (1998).
77. Ibid., 716.
78. 522 U.S. 329 (1998).
79. 522 U.S. 520 (1998).
80. 435 U.S. 191 (1978).
81. 520 U.S. 438 (1997).
82. 523 U.S. 696 (1998).
83. 524 U.S. 103 (1998).
84. 522 U.S. 520 (1998).
85. 532 U.S. 411 (2001).
86. 532 U.S. 1 (2001).
87. 533 U.S. 353 (2001).
88. 532 U.S. 645 (2001).
89. 533 U.S. 353 (2001).
90. Ibid., 355.
91. Ibid., 356-57.
92. Ibid., 357.
93. I b i d.
94. Ibid., 359.
95. Ibid., 359, n.3.
96. I b i d.
97. Ibid., 359-60.
98. Ibid., 360.
99. I b i d.
100. Ibid., 361.
101. 31 U.S. 515 (1832).
102. 118 U.S. 375 (1886).
103. Nevada v. Hicks, 533 U.S. 353, 363-65 (2001).
104. Ibid., 365-66.
105. Ibid., 366.
106. Ibid., 367-68.
107. Ibid., 368-69.
108. 471 U.S. 845 (1985).
109. Nevada v. Hicks, 533 U.S. 353, 369 (2001).
110. I b i d.
111. Ibid., 370-71.
112. Ibid., 371.
113. Ibid., 373.
114. Ibid., 374.
115. See Johnson v. McIntosh, 21 U.S. 543 (1823) and Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U.S. 515 (1832) and several early treaties which recognized that tribal nations could wield criminal jurisdiction over non-Indians who entered tribal lands.
116. 419 U.S. 544.
117. Ibid., 544, 558.
118. Wilkinson, American Indians, p.112.
119. I b i d.
120. Ibid., 382.
121. Ibid., 382-84.
122. Ibid., 384.
123. Ibid., 385.
124. 532 U.S. 645 (2001).
125. Ibid., 649-51.
126. 455 U.S. 130 (1982).
127. Atkimon Trading Co., Inc. v. Joe Shirley. Jr., 532 U.S. 645, 652-52 (2001).
128. Ibid., 653 n.5.
129. Ibid., 654-55.
130. Ibid., 655-56.
131. Ibid., 657.
132. Ibid., 658-59.
133. Ibid., 659.
134. 537 U.S. 488, 123 S. Ct. 1079 (2003).
135. Ibid., 1085.
136. Ibid., 1086.
137. Ibid., 1089.
138. Ibid., 1091.
139. I b i d.
140. Ibid., 1092.
141. I b i d.
142. I b i d.
143. Ibid., 1098.
144. I b i d.
145. I b i d.
146. L. Scott Gould, "Tough Love for Tribes: Rethinking Sovereignty After Atkinsm and Hicks," New England Law Review 37 (2002-2003): 672.
147. Tracy Labin, "We Stand United Before the Court: The Tribal Supreme Court Project," New England Law Review 37 (2002-2003): 695-731.