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The factor of 2 in front of the cosines is introduced for convenience
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The factor of 2 in front of the cosines is introduced for convenience.
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35
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B the Bohr magneton and σ = 1(−1) for electrons with spin up (down)] and, for example, a hyperfine or spin-orbit interaction term
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B the Bohr magneton and σ = 1(−1) for electrons with spin up (down)] and, for example, a hyperfine or spin-orbit interaction term.
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In contrast to quantum pumping in quantum dots, however, the direction of the pumped current in high magnetic fields, such as quantum Hall systems, is fully determined
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In contrast to quantum pumping in quantum dots, however, the direction of the pumped current in high magnetic fields, such as quantum Hall systems, is fully determined.
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45
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see also the book by S. Datta in Ref. 17. The effects of time-dependent voltages are assumed to be negligible here. See for a discussion of oscillating voltages
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see also the book by S. Datta in Ref. 17. The effects of time-dependent voltages are assumed to be negligible here. See for a discussion of oscillating voltages, e.g., M. Moskalets and M. Büttiker, Phys. Rev. B 64, 201305 (2001).
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85038986382
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xx to be equal
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xx to be equal.
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