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1
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30344474864
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note
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The author is grateful to the Arts and Humanities Research Board and the British Academy for supporting research in France towards this article and thanks Paul Hainsworth and the anonymous referees for valuable comments.
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Parti Socialiste; Parti Communiste Français; Rassemblement pour la République; Union pour la Démocratie Française.
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4
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30344484185
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supplemented by figures from Le Monde dossiers et documents
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e République, 2003, supplemented by figures from Le Monde dossiers et documents.
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8
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le In the second round, when voters were confronted with the choice between Chirac and Le Pen, the proportion of spoilt votes rose to 5.4%, almost 1.8 million.
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28-29.4.02
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H. Machin, 'Representation and Distortion in the 1993 French Elections', Parliamentary Affairs, October 1993;
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