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In an analysis of plankton samples taken in the California Current (27), 64%, 59%, and 35% of the variance in abundance of three of the four principal species that load positively on PC2 [Turborotalia quinqueloba, N. pachyderma (dex.), and N. pochyderma (sin.), respectively] is explained by the depth of the 11.5°C isotherm or another isopleth (24). An additional 12% of the variance in abundance of T. quinqueloba is explained by SSTs (greater abundance with lower SST). Also, it is well known that N. pachyderma (sin.) is more abundant with lower SSTs in this region of the California Current (20).
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2 = 0.61) is slightly higher. These large-scale patterns of coherent SST variability are consistent with analyses in (3, 4, 13, 14).
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See supporting material on Science Online
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See supporting material on Science Online.
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2 = 0.19; 4 years). This lagged correlation may be a consequence of the PCA output or perhaps implies some feedback component in the physics affecting species associated with PC2 with respect to near-surface variability associated with PC1.
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The PDO is the leading principal component of SST anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean (poleward of 20°N) with the global average SST anomalies removed [(1); see also http://jisao.washington.edu/pdo/PDO.latest]. Thus, the PDO captures the dipole of thermal variability characterized by SST anomalies of opposite sign between the eastern Pacific and the central North Pacific, but not the SST trend. Empirical orthogonal function analysis of global SST anomalies shows that both the trend and PDO variability are strong sources of variability throughout the California Current (35).
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note
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We thank the many scientists, graduate students, technicians, and ship support at Scripps Institution of Oceanography that made this work possible. W. Berger, A. Miller, and J. C. Field provided many thoughtful discussions and comments. Supported by the Achievement Rewards for College Scientists, division Los Angeles (particularly E. and N. Carson), and S. and B. Kimmich (D.B.F.); University of California shipfunds (D.B.F.) and Coastal Initiatives grant 01T CEQI 06 1082 (D.B.F. and C.D.C.); NOAA Climate and Global Change grant NA36GP0479 and NSF Climate Dynamics grant ATM 94-06510 (T.R.B.); and NSF grants OCE96-13596 and OCE01-10300 and California Current Ecosystem LTER (M.D.O.). This is a contribution to the scientific agenda of the Eastern Pacific Consortium of the Interamerican Institute for Global Change Research.
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