Neuropsychological function and symptoms in subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism and the effect of thyroxine treatment

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volumn 91, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 145-153

  Jorde, Rolf ^a,b   Waterloo, Knut ^a   Storhaug, Hilde ^b   Nyrnes, Audhild ^b   Sundsfjord, Johan ^b   Jenssen, Trond Geir ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TROMSØ   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF NORTH NORWAY   (Norway)

^c OSLO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PLACEBO; THYROXINE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY; BRAIN FUNCTION; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITION; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; GENERAL HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SCORING SYSTEM; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; SUPPLEMENTATION; THYROTROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; THYROXINE BLOOD LEVEL;

ADULT; AGED; COGNITION; COHORT STUDIES; EMOTIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; NORWAY; QUESTIONNAIRES; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; THYROTROPIN; THYROXINE;

EID: 30344448863     PISSN: 0021972X     EISSN: 0021972X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2005-1775     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. McDermott MT, Ridgway EC 2001 Subclinical hypothyroidism is mild thyroid failure and should be treated. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4585-4590
2. Chu JW, Crapo LM 2001 The treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is seldom necessary. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4591-4599
3. Owen PJ, Lazarus JH 2003 Subclinical hypothyroidism: the case for treatment. Trends Endocrinol Metab 14:257-261
4. Vanderpump M 2003 Subclinical hypothyroidism: the case against treatment. Trends Endocrinol Metab 14:262-266
5. Ayala AR, Danese MD, Ladenson PW 2000 When to treat mild hypothyroidism. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 29:399-415
6. Fatourechi V 2001 Subclinical thyroid disease. Mayo Clin Proc 76:413-416
7. Cooper DS 2001 Subclinical hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med 345:260-265
8. Surks MI, Ortiz E, Daniels GH, Sawin CT, Col NF, Cobin RH, Franklyn JA, Herehman JM, Burman KD, Denke MA, Gorman C, Cooper RS, Weissman NJ 2004 Subdinical thyroid disease: scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management. JAMA 291:228-238
9. Danese MD, Ladenson PW, Meinert CL, Powe NR 2000 Effect of thyroxine therapy on serum lipoproteins in patients with mild thyroid failure: a quantitative review of the literature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85:2993-3001
10. Monzani F, Del Guerra P, Caraccio N, Pruneti CA, Pucci E, Luisi M, Baschieri L 1993 Subclinical hypothyroidism: neurobehavioral features and beneficial effect of L-thyroxine treatment. Clin Investig 71:367-371
11. Meier C, Staub JJ, Roth CB, Guglielmetti M, Kunz M, Miserez AR, Drewe J, Huber P, Herzog R, Müller B 2001 TSH-controlled L-thyroxine therapy reduces cholesterol levels and clinical symptoms in subclinical hypothyroidism: a double blind, placebo-controlled trial (Basel thyroid study). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86:4860-4866
12. Jaeschke R, Guyatt G, Gerstein H, Patterson C, Molloy W, Cook D, Harper S, Griffith L, Carbotte R 1996 Does treatment with L-thyroxine influence health status in middle-aged and older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism? J Gen Intern Med 11:744-749
13. Kong WM, Sheikh MH, Lumb PJ, Freedman DB, Crook M, Doré CJ, Finer N 2002 A 6-month randomized trial of thyroxine treatment in women with mild subclinical hypothyroidism. Am J Med 112:348-354
14. Pollock MA, Sturrock A, Marshall K, Davidson KM, Kelly CJG, McMahon AD, McLaren EH 2001 Thyroxine treatment in patients with symptoms of hypothyroidism but thyroid function tests within the reference range: randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial. BMJ 323:891-895
15. Bønaa KH, Arnesen E 1992 Association between heart rate and atherogenic blood lipid fractions in a population. The Tromsø Study. Circulation 86:394-405
16. Jorde R, Bønaa KH, Sundsfjord J 1999 Population based study on serum ionised calcium, serum parathyroid hormone, and blood pressure. The Tromsø study. Eur J Endocrinol 141:350-357
17. Wechsler D 1987 Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised. Manual. New York: The Psychological Corp.
18. Reitan RM, Wolfson D 1993 The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery. 2nd ed. Tucson, AZ: Neuropsychology Press
19. Golden CJ 1978 Stroop color and word test. Chicago: Stoelting
20. Lund-Johansen M, Hugdahl K, Wester K 1996 Cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing stereotaxic thalamotomy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 60:564-571
21. Wechsler D 1955 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. New York: The Psychological Corp.
22. Delis DC, Kramer JH, Kaplan E, Ober BA 1987 California Verbal Learning Test: Adult Version. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corp.
23. Spreen O, Strauss E 1998 A compendium of neuropsychological tests. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press
24. Miller EN 1990 California Computerized Assessment Package. Los Angeles: Norland Software
25. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J 1961 An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 4:225-236
26. Goldberg D, Williams P 1988 A user's guide to the General Health Questionnaire. Windsor, UK: NFER-Nelson
27. Huppert FA, Walters DE, Day NE, Elliott BJ 1989 The factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30). Br J Psychiatry 155:178-185
28. Jaeschke R, Guyatt G, Cook D, Harper S, Gerstein HC 1994 Spectrum of quality of life impairment in hypothyroidism. Qual Life Res 3:323-327
29. Bjero T, Holmen J, Kruger O, Midthjell K, Hunstad K, Schreiner T, Sandnes L, Brochmann H 2000 Prevalence of thyroid disease, thyroid dysfunction and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in a large, unselected population. The health study of Nord-Trøndelag (HUNT). Eur J Endocrinol 143:639-647
30. 4, and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:489-499
31. Kudrajavcev T 1978 Neurologic complications of thyroid dysfunction. Adv Neurol 19:619-636
32. Leentjens AFG, Kappers EJ 1995 Persistent cognitive defects after corrected hypothyroidism. Psychopathology 28:235-237
33. Baldini IM, Vita A, Mauri MC, Amodei V, Carrisi M, Bravin S, Cantalamessa L 1997 Psychopathological and cognitive features in subclinical hypothyroidism. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 21:925-935
34. del Ser Quijano T, Delgado C, Martinez Espinosa S, Vazquez C 2000 Cognitive deficiency in mild hypothyroidism. Neurologia 15:193-198
35. Kirkegaard C, Faber J 1998 The role of thyroid hormones in depression. Eur J Endocrinol 138:1-9
36. Bono G, Fancellu R, Blandini F, Santoro G, Mauri M 2004 Cognitive and affective status in mild hypothyroidism and interactions with L-thyroxine treatment. Acta Neurol Scand 110:59-66
37. Pop VJ, Maartens LH, Leusink G, van Son MJ, Knottnerus AA, Ward AM, Metcalfe R, Weetman AP 1998 Are autoimmune thyroid dysfunction and depression related? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:3194-3197
38. Zulewski H, Müller B, Exer P, Miserez AR, Staub JJ 1997 Estimation of tissue hypothyroidism by a new clinical score: evaluation of patients with various grades of hypothyroidism and controls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82:771-776
39. Canaris GJ, Steiner JF, Ridgway EC 1997 Do traditional symptoms of hypothyroidism correlate with biochemical disease? J Gen Intern Med 12:544-550
40. Canaris GJ, Manowitz NR, Mayor G, Ridgway EC 2000 The Colorado thyroid disease prevalence study. Arch Intern Med 160:526-534
41. Kapoor D, Jones TH 2005 Smoking and hormones in health and endocrine disorders. Eur J Endocrinol 152:491-499
42. Biondi B, Palmieri EA, Lombardi G, Fazio S 2003 The importance of using strict inclusion criteria in subclinical hypothyroid studies. Am J Med 114:76