The Cape Basin, South Africa: A review

Journal of African Earth Sciences

Volumn 43, Issue 1-3, 2005, Pages 196-210

  Shone, Russell W ^a   Booth, P W K ^a  

^a NELSON MANDELA METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Cape Supergroup; Depositional sedimentary environments; Palaeozoic Cape Basin; Stratigraphic implications; Thrust stacking

Indexed keywords

DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; FOLD AND THRUST BELT; PALEOZOIC; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; CAPE BASIN;

EID: 29744444337     PISSN: 08995362     EISSN: 1464343X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.07.013     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. A.M. Anderson The "trilobite" trackways in the Table Mountain Group (Ordovician) of South Africa Palaeontologia Africana 18 1975 35-45
2. J.M. Anderson H.M. Anderson Palaeoflora of Southern Africa 1985 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 253p
3. W. Barnett R.A. Armstrong M.J. de Wit Stratigraphy of the upper Neoproterozoic Kango and Lower Palaeozoic Groups of the Cape Fold Belt revisited South African Journal of Geology 100 1997 237-250
4. Blignault, H.J., 1970. Contemporaneous glacial folding in the Table Mountain Group, Western Cape. MSc thesis, Stellenbosch University, unpublished.
5. P.W.K. Booth The relationship between folding and thrusting in the Floriskraal Formation (upper Witteberg Group), Steytlerville, Eastern Cape South African Journal of Geology 99 1996 235-243
6. P.W.K. Booth The effect of thrusting on fold style and orientation, Weltevrede Formation (Cape Supergroup), Steytlerville, Eastern Cape South African Journal of Geology 101 1998 27-37
7. P.W.K. Booth R.W. Shone The Laurie's Bay fault: A pre-Cape-Table Mountain Group contact west of Port Elizabeth In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 211-216
8. P.W.K. Booth R.W. Shone Structure of the Table Mountain Group in the Port Elizabeth area South African Journal of Geology 95 1992 29-33
9. P.W.K. Booth R.W. Shone Out of the graben thrusting at Uniondale-an example of inversion tectonics in the Cape Fold Belt, Republic of South Africa Journal African Earth Sciences 27 1998 30-31
10. P.W.K. Booth R.W. Shone Complex thrusting at Uniondale, eastern sector of the Cape Fold Belt, Republic of South Africa: Structural evidence for the need to revise the lithostratigraphy Journal of African Earth Sciences 29 1999 125-133
11. P.W.K. Booth R.W. Shone A review of thrust-faulting in the Eastern Cape fold belt, South Africa and the implications for current lithostratigraphic interpretations of the Cape Supergroup Journal African Earth Sciences 34 2002 179-190
12. P.W.K. Booth A.J. Munro R.W. Shone Lithological and structural characteristics of Cape Supergroup rocks at Port Alfred, Eastern Cape, South Africa South African Journal of Geology 102 1999 391-404
13. P.W.K. Booth G. Brunsdon R.W. Shone A duplex model for the eastern Cape Fold Belt? Evidence from the Palaeozoic Witteberg and Bokkeveld Groups (Cape Supergroup), near Steytlerville, South Africa Gondwana Research 7 2004 211-222
14. Broquet, C.A.M., 1990. Trace fossils and ichno-sedimentary facies from the Lower Palaeozoic Peninsula Formation, Cape Peninsula. Abstracts, Geocongress '90. Geological Society of South Africa, Cape Town, pp. 64-67.
15. C.A.M. Broquet The sedimentary record of the Cape Supergroup: A review In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 159-183
16. O. Catuneanu P.J. Hancox B.S. Rubidge Reciprocal flexural behaviour and contrasting stratigraphies: A new basin development model for the Karoo retroarc foreland system Basin Research 10 1998 417-439
17. P.R. Cobbold D. Gapais E.R. Rossello E.J. Milani P. Szatmari Permo-Triassic intracontinental deformation in SW Gondwana In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 23-26
18. L.R.M. Cocks C.H.C. Brunton A.J. Rowell I.C. Rust The first Lower Palaeozoic fauna proved from South Africa Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society London 125 1970 583-603
19. M.R. Cooper Cruziana acacencis-the first Silurian index-trace fossil from South Africa-discussion Transactions of the Geological Society South Africa 87 1984 53-55
20. M.R. Cooper Facies shifts, sea level changes and event stratigraphy in the Devonian of South Africa South African Journal of Science 82 1986 255-258
21. E. Cotter Depositional setting and cyclic development of the lower part of the Witteberg Group (Mid- to Upper-Devonian), Cape Supergroup, Western Cape, South Africa South African Journal of Geology 103 2000 1-14
22. C.H. de Beer Structural evolution of the Cape Fold Belt syntaxis and its influence on syntectonic sedimentation in the SW Karoo Basin In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 197-206
23. A.M.J. de Swardt D.M. Rowsell Note on the relationship between diagenesis and deformation in the Cape Fold Belt Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 77 1974 239-245
24. M.J. de Wit The Cape Fold Belt: A challenge for an integrated approach to inversion tectonics In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 3-12
25. M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome Regional inversion tectonics along the southern margin of Gondwana In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 15-21
26. de Wit, M.J., Booth, P.W.K., Shone, R.W., Bronn, P., 1998. A field guide through the Cape Fold Belt. Gondwana 10 Conference, University of Cape Town, p. 196.
27. Drong, H.J., 1973. About diagenesis and reservoir conditions in the Bokkeveld and Table Mountain of the Karoo Basin. Soekor report, unpublished.
28. A.L. du Toit A geological comparison of South America with South Africa, with a palaeontological contribution by F.R. Cowper-Reed. Publication 381 1927 Carnegie Institution Washington
29. A.L. du Toit The Geology of South Africa third ed. 1954 Oliver and Boyd Edinburgh 611p
30. A.O. Fuller A contribution to the conceptual modelling of pre-Devonian fluvial systems Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 88 1985 189-194
31. Fuller, A.O., Broquet, C.M., 1990. Aspects of the Peninsula Formation-Table Mountain Group. Abstracts, Geocongress '90, Geological Society South Africa, Cape Town, pp. 169-172.
32. B.G. Gardiner New palaeoniscid fish from the Witteberg Series of South Africa Journal of the Linnaen Society of Zoologists 48 1969 423-452
33. Giresse, P., this issue. Mesozoic-Cenozoic history of the Congo Basin. Journal of African Earth Sciences, doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.07.009.
34. I.W. Hälbich Fold profiles and tectonic shortening in the Cape Fold Belt Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 80 1977 253-265
35. I.W. Hälbich Disharmonic folding, detachment and thrusting in the Cape Fold Belt In: A.P.G. Söhnge I.W. Halbich (Eds.) Geodynamics of the Cape Fold Belt. Special Publication 12 1983 Geological Society of South Africa 115-124
36. I.W. Hälbich The Cape Fold Belt Orogeny: State of the art 1970s-1980s In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 141-158
37. I.W. Hälbich F.J. Fitch J.A. Miller Dating the Cape Orogeny In: A.P.G. Söhnge I.W. Hälbich (Eds.) Geodynamics of the Cape Fold Belt. Special Publication 12 1983 Geological Society of South Africa 75-100
38. N. Hiller J.N. Dunlevy The Bokkeveld-Witteberg boundary in the Montagu-Touws River area, Cape Province Transactions Geological Society of South Africa 81 1978 101-104
39. N. Hiller F.F. Taylor Late Devonian shoreline changes: An analysis of Witteberg Group stratigraphy in the Grahamstown area South African Journal of Geology 95 1992 203-212
40. D.K Hobday D. Matthew Depositional environment of the Cape Supergroup in the Transkei Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 77 1974 223-227
41. D.K. Hobday A.J. Tankard Transgressive barrier and shallow-shelf interpretation of the Lower Palaeozoic Peninsula Formation, South Africa Geological Society of America Bulletin 89 1978 1733-1744
42. Johnson, M.R., 1976. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Cape and Karoo Sequences in the eastern Cape Province. PhD thesis, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, unpublished.
43. M.R. Johnson Sandstone petrography, provenance and plate tectonic setting in Gondwana context of the southeastern Cape-Karoo Basin South African Journal of Geology 94 1991 137-154
44. R.A. Jubb A new palaeoniscid fish from the Witteberg Series (Lower Carboniferous) of South Africa Annals of the South African Museum 48 1965 267-272
45. K.W. Liu M.R. Cooper Tidalites in the Natal Group South African Journal of Geology 101 1998 307-312
46. K.W. Liu M.R. Cooper Tidalites in the Natal Group-authors' reply to discussion South African Journal of Geology 102 1999 406-409
47. B.E. Lock The Cape Supergroup in Natal and northern Transkei Geological Magazine 110 1973 485-486
48. B.E. Lock Flat-plate subduction and the Cape Fold Belt of South Africa Geology 8 1980 35-39
49. Loock, J.C., 1967. The stratigraphy of the Witteberg-Dwyka contact beds. MSc thesis, Stellenbosch University, unpublished.
50. Macdonald, A.I., 1989. Aspects of the depositional environments of the Graafwater and Peninsula Formations in the Western Cape. Honours project, University Cape Town, unpublished.
51. C.G.A. Marshall Tidalites in the Natal Group-discussion South African Journal of Geology 102 1999 405-406
52. C.G.A. Marshall V. von Brunn The stratigraphy and origin of the Natal Group South African Journal of Geology 102 1999 15-25
53. C.G.A Marshall V. von Brunn The stratigraphy and origin of the Natal Group-authors' reply to discussion South African Journal of Geology 103 2000 100-103
54. A.D. Miall Principles of Sedimentary Basin Analysis second ed. 1990 Springer-Verlag New York 668p
55. C.D. Potgieter B.W. Oelofsen Cruziana acacensis-the first Silurian index-trace fossil from southern Africa Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 86 1983 51-54
56. J.S.V. Reddering W.K. Illenberger Palaeoenvironmental significance of clast shape in the Nardouw Formation, Cape Supergroup-discussion South African Journal Geology 91 1988 554-555
57. F.R.C. Reed Revision of the fauna of the Bokkeveld Beds Annals of the South African Museum 22 1925 27-225
58. Rust, I.C., 1967. On the sedimentation of the Table Mountain Group in the Western Cape Province. D.Sc. thesis, Stellenbosch University, unpublished.
59. I.C. Rust The Western Cape some 450 million years ago South African Journal of Geography 3 1969 351-358
60. I.C. Rust The evolution of the Palaeozoic Cape Basin, southern margin of Africa In: A.E.M. Nairn F.G. Stehli (Eds.) The Ocean Basins and Margins 1973 Plenum Publishing Corporation New York 247-276
61. I.C. Rust Evidence of shallow marine and tidal sedimentation in the Ordovician Graafwater Formation, Cape Province, South Africa Sedimentary Geology 18 1977 123-133
62. I.C. Rust Lower Palaeozoic rocks of southern Africa In: C.H. Holland (Ed.) Lower Palaeozoic of the Middle East, Eastern and Southern Africa and Antarctica 1981 Wiley and Sons Limited New York 165-187
63. I.C. Rust J.N. Theron Some aspects of the Table Mountain Series near Vanrhynsdorp Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 62 1964 131-136
64. SACS (South African Committee for Stratigraphy), 1980. Stratigraphy of South Africa. Part 1. (Compiled by L.E. Kent). Lithostratigraphy of the Republic of South Africa, South West Africa/Namibia, and the Republics of Bophuthatswana, Transkei and Venda. Handbook 8, Geological Survey, South Africa, 690p.
65. R. Scheepers M. Poujol U-Pb zircon age of Cape Granite Suite ignimbrites: Characteristics of the last phases of the Saldanian magmatism South African Journal of Geology 105 2002 163-178
66. A.E. Schoch The Darling granite batholith Annals University Stellenbosch, Series A.1 (Geologie) 1 1975 1-104
67. R.C. Selley Ancient Sedimentary Environments second ed. 1978 Chapman and Hall London 287p
68. Shone, R.W., 1976. The sedimentology of the Mesozoic Algoa Basin. MSc thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, unpublished.
69. Shone, R.W., 1983. The Geology of the Sardinia Bay Formation. PhD thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, unpublished.
70. R.W. Shone A resedimented conglomerate and shallow-water turbidite from the Sardinia Bay Formation, Lower Table Mountain Group South African Journal of Geology 90 1987 86-93
71. R.W. Shone Trace fossils of the? Early Ordovician Sardinia Bay Formation, Table Mountain Group Annals of the South African Museum 101 1991 9-25
72. R.W. Shone P.W.K. Booth Thrusting in the Bokkeveld Group of the southern Cape South African Journal of Geology 96 1993 220-225
73. R.W. Shone C.C. Nolte P.W.K. Booth Pre-Cape rocks of the Gamtoos area-a complex tectonostratigraphic package preserved as a horst block Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 93 1990 616-621
74. A.P.G. Söhnge Glacial diamictite in the Peninsula Formation near Cape Hangklip Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 87 1984 199-210
75. A.J. Tankard J.H. Barwis Wave-dominated deltaic sedimentation in the Devonian Bokkeveld basin of South Africa Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 53 1982 959-974
76. A.J. Tankard D.K. Hobday Tide-dominated back-barrier sedimentation, Early Ordovician Cape Basin, Cape Peninsula, South Africa Sedimentary Geology 18 1977 135-159
77. Tankard, A.J., Hobday, D.K., 1979. Sedimentation patterns in Early Palaeozoic tensional failed arms: The Table Mountain Group of Southern Africa. Abstracts, Geocongress, Geological Society of America.
78. A.J. Tankard M.P.A. Jackson K.A. Eriksson D.K. Hobday D.R. Hunter W.E.L. Minter 3,5 Billion years of Crustal Evolution in Southern Africa 1982 Springer-Verlag New York 532p
79. Thamm, A.G., 1984. The sedimentology of the Nardouw Formation north of 34° 34'S. Honours thesis, University Cape Town, unpublished.
80. A.G. Thamm Palaeoenvironmental significance of clast shape in the Nardouw Formation, Cape Supergroup South African Journal of Geology 90 1987 94-97
81. Thamm, A.G., 1989. Sedimentology of the Ordovician Piekenierskloof and Graafwater Formations, South Africa: A fluvial-earshore transition. Abstracts 4th International Conference Fluvial Sedimentology, Barcelona, 230.
82. Theron, J.N., 1970. A stratigraphical study of the Bokkeveld Group (series). Proceedings 2nd IUGS Symposium Stratigraphy Palaeontology, Gondwana System, Cape Town, South Africa, pp. 197-204.
83. Theron, J.N., 1972. The stratigraphy and sedimentation of the Bokkeveld Group. DSc thesis, University Stellenbosch, unpublished.
84. J.N. Theron J.C. Loock Devonian deltas of the Cape Supergroup, South Africa In: M.J. McMillan A.F Embry D.J. Glass (Eds.) Devonian of the World vol. 1, Memoir 14 1988 Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists 729-740
85. 39Ar dating of the Natal Group, southeast Africa-a post pan-African molasse? Journal of African Earth Sciences 15 1992 453-471
86. R.J. Thomas A. du Plessis F.J. Fitch C.G.A. Marshall J.A. Miller V. von Brunn M.K. Watkeys Geological studies in southern Natal and Transkei: implications for the Cape Orogen In: M.J. de Wit I.G.D. Ransome (Eds.) Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous Basins of Southern Africa 1992 A.A. Balkema Rotterdam 229-236
87. Turner, B.R., 1987. Research Report on the sedimentology and depositional environments of the Graafwater and Peninsula Formations in the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. FRD-CSIR Research Report, unpublished.
88. Vail, P.R., Mitchum, P.M., Thompson, S.M., 1977. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes in sea level. Part 4: Global cycles of relative changes in sea level. In: Payton, C.F. (Ed.), Seismic Stratigraphy-application to Hydrocarbon Exploration. Memoir American Association of Petroleum Geologists 26, Tulsa, Oklahoma, pp. 83-97.
89. Visser, J.N.J., 1962. The occurrence and origin of the tillite horizon in the Table Mountain Series. MSc thesis, Stellenbosch University, unpublished.
90. J.N.J. Visser The Table Mountain Group: A study in the deposition of quartz arenites on a stable shelf Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 77 1974 229-237
91. R.G. Vos A.J. Tankard Braided fluvial sedimentation in the Lower Palaeozoic Cape Basin, South Africa Sedimentary Geology 29 1981 171-193
92. H. de la R. Winter Tectonostratigraphy, as applied to analysis of South African Phanerozoic basins Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa 87 1984 169-179
93. H. de la R. Winter Tectonic classification of certain South African depositional basins and criteria for recognition of major unconformity-bounded sequences South African Journal of Geology 92 1989 167-182