Anomalies of asymmetry of pyramidal cell density and structure in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

British Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 188, Issue JAN., 2006, Pages 26-31

  Cullen, Thomas J ^b   Walker, Mary A ^b   Eastwood, Sharon L ^b   Esiri, Margaret M ^b   Harrison, Paul J ^b   Crow, Timothy J ^a  

^a WARNEFORD HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN REGION; CADAVER; CELL DENSITY; CELL LOSS; CELL SHAPE; CELL SIZE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GLIA CELL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPOTHESIS; LEFT HEMISPHERE; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PYRAMIDAL NERVE CELL; RIGHT HEMISPHERE; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

AGED; AUTOPSY; CELL COUNT; CELL SHAPE; CELL SIZE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROGLIA; NEURONS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PYRAMIDAL CELLS; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 29644433776     PISSN: 00071250     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.104.008169     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Akbarian, S., Kim, J. J., Potkin, S. G., et al (1995) Gene expression for glutamic acid decarboxylase is reduced without loss of neurons in prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 258-289.
2. American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn) (DSM-IV). Washington, DC: APA.
3. Benes, F. M., Davidson, J. & Bird, E. D. (1986) Quantitative cytoarchitectural studies of the cerebral cortex of schizophrenics. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 31-35.
4. Braendgaard, H., Evans, S. M., Howard, C. V., et al (1990) The total number of neurons in the human neocortex unbiasedly estimated using optical disectors. Journal of Microscopy, 157, 285-304.
5. Buxhoeveden, D., Switala, A. E., Litaker, M., et al (2001) Lateralization of minicolumns in human planum temporale is absent in nonhuman primate cortex. Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 57, 349-358.
6. Cotter, D., Mackay, D., Chana, G., et al (2002) Reduced neuronal size and glial cell density in area 9 of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in subjects with major depressive disorder. Cerebral Cortex, 12, 386-394.
7. Cotter, D., Hudson, L. & Landau, S. (2005) Evidence for orbitofrontal pathology in bipolar disorder and major depression, but not in schizophrenia. Bipolar Disorder, 7, 358-369.
8. Crow, T. J. (1990) Temporal lobe asymmetries as the key to the etiology of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 16, 433-443.
9. Crow, T. J. (1997) Schizophrenia as failure of hemispheric dominance for language. Trends in Neurosciences, 20, 339-343.
10. Eberstaller, O. (1884) Zur Oberflächenanatomie des Grosshirnhemisphären. Wiener Medizinische Blätter, 7, 479-482.
11. Geschwind, N. & Levitsky, W. (1968) Human brain: left-right asymmetry in temporal speech region. Science, 161, 186-187.
12. Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1994) Working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 6, 348-357.
13. Hayes, T. L. & Lewis, D. A. (1995) Anatomical specialization of the anterior motor speech area: hemispheric differences in magnopyramidal neurons. Brain and Language, 37, 497-499.
14. Highley, J. R., Esiri, M. M., Cortina-Borja, M., et al (1998) Anomalies of cerebral asymmetry in schizophrenia interact with gender and age of onset: a post mortem study. Schizophrenia Research, 34, 13-25.
15. Highley, J. R., McDonald, B., Walker, M. A., et al (1999) Schizophrenia and temporal lobe asymmetry. A post-mortem stereological study of tissue volume. British Journal of Psychiatry, 175, 127-134.
16. Highley, J. R., Walker, M. A., Crow, T. J., et al (2003) Low medial and lateral right pulvinar volumes in schizophrenia: a post-mortem study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1177-1179.
17. Law, A. J. & Harrison, P. J. (2003) The distribution and morphology of prefrontal cortex neurons identified using anti-neurofilament antibodies SM132, N200 and FNP7. Normative data and a comparison in subjects with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or major depression. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 37, 497-499.
18. McCarley, R. W., Wible, C. G., Frumin, M., et al (1991) MRI anatomy of schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry, 45, 1099-1119.
19. McDonald, B., Highley, J. R., Walker, M. A., et al (2000) Anomalous asymmetry of fusiform and parahippocampal gyrus grey matter in schizophrenia: a post-mortem study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 40-47.
20. Mirra, S. S., Heyman, A., McKeel, D., et al (1991) The consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) Part II. Standardisation of the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 41, 479-486.
21. Pakkenberg, B. (1993) Total nerve cell number in neocortex in chronic schizophrenics and controls estimated using optical dissectors. Biological Psychiatry, 34, 768-772.
22. Petty, R. G. (1999) Structural asymmetries of the human brain and their disturbance in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 25, 121-139.
23. Pierri, J., Volk, C. L., Auh, S., et al (2001) Decreased somal size of deep layer 3 pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 466-473.
24. Rajkowska, G. & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1995) Cytoarchitectonic definition of prefrontal areas in the normal human cortex. I Remapping of areas 9 and 46 using quantitative criteria. Cerebral Cortex, 5, 307-322.
25. Selemon, L. D., Rajkowska, G. & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1995) Abnormally high neuronal density in the schizophrenic cortex: a morphometric analysis of prefrontal area 9 and occipital area 17. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 805-818.
26. Selemon, L. D., Rajkowska, G. & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1998) Elevated neuronal density in prefrontal area 46 in brains from schizophrenic patients: application of a three-dimensional stereological counting method. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 392, 402-412.
27. Selemon, L. D., Mrzljak, J., Kleinman, J. E., et al (2003) Regional specificity in the neuropathologic substrates of schizophrenia: a morphometric analysis of Broca's area 44 and area 9. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 69-77.
28. Sommer, I., Ramsey, N., Khan, R., et al (2001) Handedness, language lateralisation and anatomical asymmetry in schizophrenia. Meta-analysis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 178, 344-351.
29. Weinberger, D. R. (1988) Schizophrenia and the frontal lobes. Trends in Neurosciences, 11, 367-370.
30. Williams, R. W. & Rakic, P. (1988) Three-dimensional counting: an accurate and direct method to estimate numbers of cells in sectioned material. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 278, 344-352.
31. Witelson, S. F. & Kigar, D. L. (1988) Asymmetry of brain function follows asymmetry in anatomical form: gross, microscopic, postmortem and imaging studies. In Handbook of Neuropsychology (eds F. Boller & J. Grafman), pp. 111-142. Amsterdam: Elsevier.