Speciation of Pb, Cu and Zn determined by sequential extraction for identification of air pollution sources in Syria

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 753-761

  Al Masri, M S ^a   Al Kharfan, K ^a   Al Shamali, K ^a  

^a DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY   (Syrian Arab Republic)

Author keywords

Air pollution; Chemical forms; Darya; Syria; Tartous; Trace elements

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTION; COPPER; EXTRACTION; TRACE ELEMENTS; ZINC;

CHEMICAL FORMS; DARYA; SYRIA; TARTOUS;

LEAD;

COPPER; FUEL; INORGANIC ACID; LEAD; LEAD OXIDE; ORGANIC MATTER; OXIDE; PHOSPHATE; SILICATE; TRACE ELEMENT; ZINC;

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; INDUSTRIAL EMISSION; POLLUTANT SOURCE; SPECIATION (CHEMISTRY); TRACE ELEMENT;

AIR POLLUTANT; AIR POLLUTION; ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR; CEMENT INDUSTRY; CITY; CLIMATE; EXHAUST GAS; EXTRACTION; FILTER; FRACTIONATION; HEATING; INDUSTRIAL AREA; LEACHING; LIQUID; MOTOR VEHICLE TIRE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PLASTIC INDUSTRY; POLLUTION MONITORING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESIDENTIAL HOME; SOLUBILITY; SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION; SUMMER; SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC; URBAN AREA;

ASIA; EURASIA; MIDDLE EAST; SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC;

EID: 29444453166     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.10.008     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. K. Adachi, and Y. Tainoshu Charaterization of heavy metals particles embedded in tire dust Environment International 30 8 2004 1009 1017
2. M.S. Al-Masri, and F. Al-Bich Distribution of polonium-210 in Syrian phosphogypsum Journal of Radioanalytical Nuclear Chemistry 251 2002 3 9
3. I.F. Al-Maomani, A.S. Daradkeh, A.T. Haj-Hussein, Y. Yousef, Q.M. Jaradat, and K.A. Mumani Trace elements in daily collected aerosols in Al-Hashimya central Jordan Atmospheric Research 73 1-2 2005 87 100
4. Al-Oudat, M., Al-Rayes, A.H., Al-Kharfan, K., 1999. Study of particulate and heavy elements in air of some Syrian cities. Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, AECS/RSS 199, 1999.
5. F. Beavington, P.A. Cawse, and A. Wakenshaw Comparative studies of atmospheric trace elements: improvements in air quality near a copper smelter Science of Total Environment 332 1-3 2004 39 49
6. H. Bem, M. Gallorins, E. Rizzo, and M. Krzemnsta Comparative studies on the concentrations of some elements in the urban air particulate matter in Lodz city of Poland and in Milan, Italy Environment International 29 4 2003 423 428
7. C. Bilos, J.C. Colombo, C.N. Skorupka, and M.S. Rodrigues Presa Sources distribution and variability of airborn trace metals in La Plata city area, Argentina Environmental Pollution 111 1 2001 149 158
8. R.W. Boubel Fundamental of Air Pollution third ed 1994 Academic Press San Diego
9. M.J. Des-Jardins, K. Telmer, and Beauchamp Apportioning atmospheric pollution to Canadian and American Sources in Kejimkujik Park, Nova Scotia; using Pb isotopes in precipitation Atmospheric Environment 38 39 2004 6875 6881
10. A.J. Fernandez, M. Ternero, and J.F. Barragan An approach to characterization of sources of urban airborne particles through heavy metal speciation Chemosphere 2 2 2000 123 136
11. B.C. Galli Parghart, U.P. Nyffeler, P.W. Schindler, W.A. Van Borm, and F.C. Adams Metals in air born particulates matter in rural Switzerland Atmospheric Environment, Part A, General Topics 24 8 1990 2191 2206
12. J.S. Han, K.J. Moon, S.Y. Ryu, X.J. Kim, and K.D. Derry Source estimation of anthropogenic aerosols collected by a drum sampler during spring of 2002 at Gosan, Korea Atmosphere Environment 39 17 2005 3113 3125
13. M. Harrison Pollution Causes, Effects and Control second ed 1990 Royal Society of Chemistry UK
14. R.M. Harrison, and M. Jones The chemical composition of airborne particles in the UK atmosphere Science of Total Environment 168 1995 195 214
15. 2-5 and black smoke in Edinburgh, UK Atmospheric Environment 39 8 2005 1417 1430
16. J. Hlavay, T. Prohaska, M. Weisz, W.W. Wenzel, and G.J. Stingeder Determination of trace elements bound to soils and sediments fractions Pure Applied Chemistry 72 2 2004 415 442
17. R. Infante, and I.L. Acosta Size distribution of trace metals is Ponce, Puerto Rico air particulate matter Atmospheric Environment. Part 15, Urban Atmosphere 25 1 1991 121 131
18. R.N. Khandekar, R.M. Tripathi, R. Raghunath, and U.C. Mishra Simultaneous determination of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in surface soil using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry Indian Journal of Environment Health 30 1988 98 103
19. F. Lucarelli, P.A. Mando, S. Nava, P. Prati, and A. Zucchiatti Elemental composition of urban aerosol collected in Florence, Italy Nuclear Instrumentation and Methods in Physics Research Section B 161-163 2000 819 824
20. Lujaniene, G., Lujanas, V., Tarasiuk, W., Spirkauskaite, N., 1996. Peculiarities of radionuclide behaviors in the atmosphere and the hydrosphere. In: Proceedings of a seminar held in Athens, Greece, 11-22 November 1996. IAEA-SR-194.
21. C. Nerin, C. Dameno, J.I. Garcia, and A. Alamo Distribution of Pb, V, Cr, Ni, Cd, Cu and Fe in particles formed from combusition of waste oils Chemosphere 38 7 1999 1533 1540
22. A.A. Noghissi Effect of low levels of air pollution Environment International 23 1997 147 150
23. Othman, I., Al-Oudat, M., Al-Rayyes, A.H., Al-Karfan, K., 1996. Air pollution study in the eastern Syrian regions with particulates, heavy metals and radioactivity. Atomic Energy Commission of Syria. AECS-RSS 115, 1996.
24. J.M. Pacyna Emission factors of atmospheric elements J.O. Nriagn C.I. Davidson Toxic Metals in Atmospheres 1986 Wiley New York
25. R. Poykio Assessing Industrial Pollution by Means of Environmental Samples in the Kemi-Tornio Region 2002 University of Oulu, Oulu University Press Oulu
26. S.L. Quiterio, C.R. Sousa, G.A. Arbilla, and V. Escaleira Evaluation of levels, sources and distribution of air borne trace metals in seven districts of the Baiyada Fluminese, Rio de Janeiro, Brazel Atmospheric Environment 39 19 2005 3503 3512
27. SAOSM, 2004. Syrian Arab Organization for Standardization and Metrology. Ambient Air Quality, SNS. 2883/2004.
28. H. Seiler, H. Sigel, and A. Sigel Handbook on Toxicity of Inorganic Compounds 1988 Marcel Dekker, INC New York
29. X-H. Song, A.V. Polissar, and P.K. Hopke Sources of fine particle composition in the northeast US Atmospheric Environment 35 31 2001 5277 5286
30. J. Sternbeck, A.A. Sjodin, and K. Anderasson Metal emissions from road traffic and the influence of resuspension results from two tunnel studies Atmospheric Environment 36 30 2002 4735 4744
31. A. Tessier, P. Cambell, and M. Bisson Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals Analytical Chemistry 51 1979 844 851
32. UNEP & WHO Urban Pollution in Megacities of the World. Earth Watch: Global Environment System 1992 Blackwell Oxford
33. S. Utsunomiya, K.A. Jensen, G.J. Keeler, and R.C. Ewing Direct identification of trace metals in fine and ultrafine particles in the Detroit urban atmosphere Environment Science & Technology 38 2004 2289 2297
34. 2.5 measurements in the Netherlands Journal of Aerosol Science 28 1998 101 102
35. X. Wang, T. Sato, B. Xing, S. Tamamura, and S. Tao Sources identification, size distribution and indicator screening of airborne trace metals in Kanazawa, Japan Journal of Aerosol Science 36 2 2005 197 210
36. WHO, 1987. Air quality guidelines for Europe. WHO Regional Publications, European Series No. 23.