Randomized clinical trial comparing intravenous midazolam and droperidol for sedation of the acutely agitated patient in the emergency department

Annals of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 47, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 61-67

  Knott, Jonathan C ^a   Taylor, David McD ^a   Castle, David J ^b  

^a ROYAL MELBOURNE HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DROPERIDOL; MIDAZOLAM; SEDATIVE AGENT;

ADULT; AGED; AGITATION; APNEA; ARTICLE; ASPIRATION; ASSISTED VENTILATION; BRADYCARDIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE TIME EFFECT RELATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG INDICATION; DYSTONIA; EMERGENCY MEDICINE; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; HYPOXIA; INTOXICATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; PATIENT CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; RESPIRATORY TRACT INTUBATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEDATION; SEIZURE; SIDE EFFECT; SURVIVAL; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL; VOMITING;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; APNEA; ARRHYTHMIA; CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DROPERIDOL; DYSTONIA; EMERGENCY MEDICINE; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; INJECTIONS, INTRAVENOUS; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION; RECURRENCE; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 29444431649     PISSN: 01960644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.07.003     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. M.E. Cannon, P. Sprivulis, and J. McCarthy Restraint practices in Australasian emergency departments Aust N Z J Psychiatry 35 2001 464 467
2. J.C. Knott, D. Bennett, and D.M. Taylor Unarmed threats in the emergency department Emerg Med Aust 17 2005 352 359
3. M.H. Allen Managing the agitated psychotic patient: a reappraisal of the evidence J Clin Psychiatry 61 2000 11 20
4. R.H. McAllister-Williams, and I.N. Ferrier Rapid tranquillisation: time for a reappraisal of options for parenteral therapy Br J Psychiatry 180 2002 485 489
5. C. Salzman, D. Soloman, and E. Miyawaki Parenteral lorazepam versus parenteral haloperidol for the control of psychotic disruptive behavior J Clin Psychiatry 52 1991 177 180
6. J. Battaglia, S. Moss, and J. Rush Haloperidol, lorazepam, or both for psychotic agitation? a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, emergency department study Am J Emerg Med 15 1997 335 340
7. H. Thomas, E. Schwartz, and R. Petrilli Droperidol versus haloperidol for chemical restraint of agitated and combative patients Ann Emerg Med 21 1992 407 413
8. J. Alexander, P. Tharyan, and C. Adams Rapid tranquillisation of violent or agitated patients in a psychiatric emergency setting: pragmatic randomised trial of intramuscular lorazepam v. haloperidol plus promethazine Br J Psychiatry 185 2004 63 69
9. R.A. Chambers, and B.G. Druss Droperidol: efficacy and side effects in psychiatric emergencies J Clin Psychiatry 60 1999 664 667
10. D. Castle, D. Copolov, and T. Wykes Management of acute arousal in psychosis D. Castle Copolov Wykes Pharmacological and Psychosocial Treatment of Schizophrenia 2002 Martin Dunitz London 125 137
11. J.R. Richards, R.W. Derlet, and D.R. Duncan Chemical restraint for the agitated patient in the emergency department: lorazepam versus droperidol J Emerg Med 16 1998 567 573
12. World Health Organization. ICD-10 classifications, 1990. Available at: http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en. Accessed April 7, 2005.
13. Intercooled Stata [software program]. Version 8.2. College Station, TX: StataCorp; 2004.
14. G. Huf, E.S.F. Coutinho, and C.E. Adams Rapid tranquillisation for agitated patients in emergency psychiatric rooms: a randomised trial of midazolam versus haloperidol plus promethazine BMJ 327 2003 708 711
15. F. Nobay, B.C. Simon, and M.A. Levitt A prospective, double-blind, randomized trial of midazolam versus haloperidol versus lorazepam in the chemical restraint of violent and severely agitated patients Acad Emerg Med 11 2004 744 749
16. L.W. Kao, M.A. Kirk, and S.J. Evers Droperidol, QT prolongation, and sudden death: what is the evidence? Ann Emerg Med 41 2003 546 558
17. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA strengthens warnings for droperidol: FDA press office, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ 2001/ANS01123.html. Accessed August 21, 2002.
18. B.Z. Horowitz, K. Bizovi, and R. Moreno Droperidol: behind the black box warning Acad Emerg Med 9 2002 615 618
19. J.H. Shale, C.M. Shale, and W.D. Mastin A review of the safety and efficacy of droperidol for the rapid sedation of severely agitated and violent patients J Clin Psychiatry 64 2003 500 505