Clostridial disease associated with neurologic signs: Tetanus, botulism, and enterotoxemia

Veterinary Clinics of North America - Food Animal Practice

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 379-391

  Rings, D Michael ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACEPROMAZINE; AMOXICILLIN; AMPICILLIN; CHLORPROMAZINE; DANTROLENE; DIAZEPAM; GUAIFENESIN; MAGNESIUM SULFATE; MEPHENESIN; PENICILLIN G; TETANUS ANTIBODY;

BACTERIAL INFECTION; BOTULISM; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS; CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DRUG DOSE REGIMEN; DRUG MEGADOSE; LABORATORY TEST; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; TETANUS; TOXEMIA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CLOSTRIDIUM; CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM; CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS; CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI;

EID: 2942627524     PISSN: 07490720     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2004.02.006     Document Type: Review

References (35)

1. Turton K, Chaddock JA, Acharya KR. Botulism and tetanus neurotoxins: structure, function and therapeutic utility. Trends Biochem Sci 2002;27(11):552-8.
2. Pinder M. Controversies in the management of severe tetanus. Intensive Care Med 1997;14:129-43.
3. Bretzla. KN, Whitmore HL, Spahr SL, et al. Incidence and treatments of postpartum reproductive problems in a dairy herd. Theriogenology 1982;17(5):527-35.
4. Wells CL, Balish E. Clostridium tetani growth and toxin production in the intestines of germfree rats. Infect Immun 1983;41(2):826-8.
5. Cook TM, Protheroe RT, Handel JM. Tetanus: a review of the literature. Br J Anaesth 2001;87(3):477-87.
6. Montecucco S, Schiavo G. Structure and function of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins. Q Rev Biophys 1995;28(4):423-72.
7. Sanford JP. Tetanus - forgotten but not gone. N Engl J Med 1995;332:812-3.
8. Bagetta G, Nistico G. Tetanus toxin as a neurobiological tool to study mechanisms of neuronal cell death in the mammalian brain. Pharmacol Ther 1994;62(1-2):29-39.
9. Duchen LW, Tonge DA. The effects of tetanus toxin on neuromuscular transmission and on the morphology of motor end plates in slow and fast skeletal muscle of the mouse. J Physiol Lond 1973;228:157-72.
10. Ramsey WR. An outbreak of tetanus-like disease in cattle. Aust Vet J 1975;49(4):188-9.
11. Whitehead JGM, Ellicott DH. Idiopathic tetanus [letters]. Vet Rec 1996;138:651.
12. Middlebrook JL, Brown JE. Immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy of tetanus and botulism neurotoxins. In: Montecuccom C, editor. Current topic in microbiology and immunology: clostridial neurotoxins. New York: Springer Verlag Publishers; 1995. p. 89-122.
13. Ansari MM, Matros LE. Tetanus. Compendium Contin Ed Pract Vet 1982;4(11):S473-8.
14. Muylle E, Oyaert W, Ooms L, et al. Treatment of tetanus in the horse by injection of tetanus antitoxin into the subarachnoid space. JAVMA 1975;167(1):47-8.
15. James MF, Manson ED. The use of magnesium sulphate infusions in the management of very severe tetanus. Intensive Care Med 1985;11:5-12.
16. Mudge GH. Agents affecting volume and composition of body fluids. In: Goodman Gilman A, Goodman LS, Gilman A, editors. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 6th edition. New York: Macmillan; 1985. p. 879-83.
17. Witlin AG, Sibai BM. Magnesium sulfate therapy in preeclampsia and eclampsia. Obs Gyn 1998;92:883-9.
18. Popoff MR. Ecology of neurotoxigenic strains of clostridia. In: Montecuccom C, editor. Current topic in microbiology and immunology: clostridial neurotoxins. New York: Springer Verlag Publishers; 1995. p. 1-29.
19. Lacy DB, Stevens RC. Sequence homology and structural analysis of the clostridial neurotoxins. J Mol Biol 1999;291:1091-104.
20. Rossetto O, Seveso M, Caccin P, et al. Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins: turning bad guys into good research. Toxicon 2001;39(1):27-41.
21. Kelch WJ, Kerr LA, Pringle JK, et al. Fatal Clostridium botulinum toxicosis in eleven Holstein cattle fed round bale barley haylage. J Vet Diagn Invest 2000;12(5):453-5.
22. Divers TJ, Bartholomew RC, Messick JB, et al. Clostridium botulinum type B toxicosis in a herd of cattle and a group of mules. JAVMA 1986;188(4):382-6.
23. Notermans S, Kozaki S, Van Schothorst M. Toxin production by Clostridium botulinum in grass. Appl Environ Microbiol 1979;38:767-71.
24. Ortolani EL, Brito LA, Mori CS, et al. Botulism outbreak associated with poultry litter consumption in 3 Brazilian cattle herds. Vet Hum Toxicol 1997;39(2):89-92.
25. Van der Lugt JJ, DeWet SC, Bastianello SS, et al. Two outbreaks of type C and type D botulism in sheep and goats in South Africa. J S Afr Vet Assoc 1995;66(2):77-82.
26. Oh SJ. Botulism: electrophysiological studies. Ann Neurol 1977;1(5):481-5.
27. Fach P, Gibert M, Griffais R, et al. Investigation of animal botulism outbreaks by PCR and standard methods. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 1996;13(4):279-85.
28. Gregory AR, Ellis TM, Jubb TF, et al. Use of enzyme-linked immunoassays for antibody to types C and D botulinum toxins for investigations of botulism in cattle. Aust Vet J 1996;73(2):55-61.
29. Tweten RK. Clostridium perfringens beta toxin and Clostridium septicum alpha toxin: their mechanisms and possible role in pathogenesis. Vet Microbiol 2001;82(1):1-9.
30. Petit L, Maier E, Gibert M, et al. Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin induces a rapid change of cell membrane permeability to ions and forms channels in artificial lipid bilayers. J Biol Chem 2001;276(19):15736-40.
31. Songer JG. Clostridial enteric diseases of domestic animals. Clin Microbiol Rev 1996;9(2):216-34.
32. Ghabriel MN, Zhu C, Reilly PL, et al. Toxin-induced vasogenic cerebral oedema in a rat model. Acta Beurochir Suppl 2000;76:231-6.
33. Uzal FA, Kelly WR, Morris WE, et al. effects of intravenous injection of Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin in calves. J Comp Path 2002;126(1):71-5.
34. Uzal FA, Glastonbury JR, Kelly WR, et al. Caprine enterotoxemia associated with cerebral microangiopathy. Vet Rec 1997;141(9):224-6.
35. el Idrissi AH, Ward GE. Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxemias. Vet Microbiol 1992;31(4):389-96.