Reflux from thigh to calf, the major pathology in chronic venous ulcer disease: Surgery indicated in the majority of patients

Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

Volumn 38, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 209-219

  Danielsson, Gudmundur ^a,b,c   Arfvidsson, Berndt ^a,b   Eklof, Bo ^a,b   Kistner, Robert L ^a,b   Masuda, Elna M ^a,b   Sato, Dean T ^a,b  

^a University of Hawaii ^*

^b STRAUB CLINIC AND HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c LUND UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHRONIC VEIN INSUFFICIENCY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; KNEE; LEG ULCER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHLEBOGRAPHY; PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; THIGH; TREATMENT INDICATION; VEIN RECONSTRUCTION; VEIN SURGERY; VEIN VALVE; VENOUS REFLUX;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CHRONIC DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LEG; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHLEBOGRAPHY; PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER, DUPLEX; VARICOSE ULCER;

EID: 2942625861     PISSN: 15385744     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/153857440403800303     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Kurz X, Kahn SR, Abenhaim L, et al: Chronic venous disorders of the leg: Epidemiology, outcomes, diagnosis and management. Summary of an evidence-based report of the VEINES task force. Venous insufficiency epidemiologic and economic studies. Int Angiol 18:83-102, 1999.
2. Nelzen O, Bergqvist D, Lindhagen A: The prevalence of chronic lower-limb ulceration has been underestimated: Results of a validated population questionnaire. Br J Surg 83:255-258, 1996.
3. Dale JJ, Callam MJ, Ruckley CV, et al: Chronic ulcers of the leg: A study of prevalence in a Scottish community. Health Bull (Edinb) 41:310-314, 1983.
4. Smith JJ, Guest MG, Greenhalgh RM, et al: Measuring the quality of life in patients with venous ulcers. J Vasc Surg 31:642-649, 2000.
5. Olin JW, Beusterien KM, Childs MB, et al: Medical costs of treating venous stasis ulcers: Evidence from a retrospective cohort study. Vasc Med 4:1-7, 1999.
6. Blair SD, Wright DDI, Backhouse CM, et al: Sustained compression and healing of chronic venous ulcers. BMJ 297:1159-1161, 1988.
7. Baker SR, Burnand KG, Sommerville KM, et al: Comparison of venous reflux assessed by duplex scanning and descending phlebography in chronic venous disease. Lancet 341:400-403, 1993.
8. Welch HJ, Faliakou EC, McLaughlin RL, et al: Comparison of descending phlebography with quantitative photoplethysmography, air plethysmography, and duplex quantitative valve closure time in assessing deep venous reflux. J Vasc Surg 16:913-919, 1992.
9. van Bemmelen PS, Bedford G, Beach K, et al: Quantitative segmental evaluation of venous valvular reflux with duplex ultrasound scanning. J Vasc Surg 10:425-431, 1989.
10. Neglen P, Raju S: A rational approach to detection of significant reflux with duplex Doppler scanning and air plethysmography. J Vasc Surg 17:590-595, 1993.
11. Norgren L: Functional evaluation of chronic venous insufficiency by foot volumetry. Acta Chir Scand, vol. 444(suppl), 1974.
12. Nicolaides A, Christopoulos D: Quantification of venous reflux and outflow obstruction with air plethysmography. In: Vascular Diagnosis, ed. by Bernstein EF. St Louis: CV Mosby, 1993, pp 915-921.
13. Bays RA, Healy DA, Atnip RG, et al: Validation of air plethysmography, photoplethysmography, and duplex ultrasonography in the evaluation of severe venous stasis. J Vasc Surg 20:721-727, 1994.
14. Kistner RL, Eklof B, Masuda EM: Diagnosis of chronic venous disease of the lower extremities: The "CEAP" classification. Mayo Clin Proc 71:338-345, 1996.
15. Masuda EM, Kistner RL, Eklof B: Prospective study of duplex scanning for venous reflux: Comparison of Valsalva and pneumatic cuff techniques in the reverse Trendelenburg and standing positions. J Vasc Surg 20:711-720, 1994.
16. Rabinov K, Paulin S: Roentgen diagnosis of venous thrombosis in the leg. Arch Surg 104:134-144, 1972.
17. Kistner RL, Ferris EB, Randhawa G, et al: A method of performing descending venography. J Vasc Surg 4:464-468, 1986.
18. Yang D, Vandongen YK, Stacey MC: Variability and reliability of air plethysmographic measurements for the evaluation of chronic venous disease. J Vasc Surg 26:638-642, 1997.
19. Criado E, Farber MA, Marston WA, et al: The role of air plethysmography in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency. J Vasc Surg 27:660-670, 1998.
20. Brittenden J, Bradbury AW, Allan PL, et al: Popliteal vein reflux reduces the healing of chronic venous ulcer. Br J Surg 85:60-62, 1998.
21. Rosfors S, Lamke LO, Nordstrom E, et al: Severity and location of venous valvular insufficiency: The importance of distal valve function. Acta Chir Scand 156:689-694, 1990.
22. Sottiurai VS: Comparison of surgical modalities in the treatment of recurrent venous ulcer. Int Angiol 9:231-235, 1990.
23. Sottiurai VS: Surgical correction of recurrent venous ulcer. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 32:104-109, 1991.
24. Kistner RL: Definitive diagnosis and definitive treatment in chronic venous disease: A concept whose time has come. J Vasc Surg 24:703-710, 1996.
25. Homans J: The etiology and treatment of varicose ulcer of the leg. Surg Gynecol Obstet 24:300-311, 1917.
26. Bauer G: A roentgenological and clinical study of the sequels of thrombosis. Acta Chir Scand vol. 86, 1942.
27. Labropoulos N, Leon M, Geroulakos G, et al: Venous hemodynamic abnormalities in patients with leg ulceration. Am J Surg 169:572-574, 1995.
28. Darke SG, Penfold C: Venous ulceration and saphenous ligation. Eur J Vasc Surg 6:4-69, 1992.
29. Shami SK, Sarin S, Cheatle TR, et al: Venous ulcers and the superficial venous system. J Vasc Surg 17: 487-490, 1993.
30. Callam MJ, Harper DR, Dale JJ, et al: Chronic ulcer of the leg: Clinical history. BMJ 294:1389-1391, 1987.
31. Johnson WC, O'Hara ET, Corey C, et al: Venous stasis ulceration. Effectiveness of subfascial ligation. Arch Surg 120:797-800, 1985.
32. Burnand KG, O'Donnell TF, Thomas ML, et al: Relation between postphlebitic changes in the deep veins and results of surgical treatment of venous ulcers. Lancet 1:936-938, 1976.
33. Hoare MC, Nicolaides A, Miles C: The role of primary varicose veins in venous ulceration. Surgery 82: 450, 1983.
34. Baker SR, Stacey MC, Singh G, et al: Aetiology of chronic leg ulcers. Eur J Vasc Surg 6:245-251, 1992.
35. Nelzen O, Bergqvist D, Lindhagen A: Venous and non-venous leg ulcers: Clinical history and appearance in a population study. Br J Surg 81:182-187, 1994.
36. Scott TE, LaMorte WW, Gorin DR, et al: Risk factors for chronic venous insufficiency: A dual case-control study. J Vasc Surg 22:622-628, 1995.
37. Sugerman H, Windsor A, Bessos M, et al: Intra-abdominal pressure, sagittal abdominal diameter and obesity comorbidity. J Intern Med 241:71-79, 1997.
38. Westling A, Bostrom A, Gustavsson S, et al: Lower limb deep venous incompetence is rare in patients undergoing obesity surgery. Phlebology 15:30-32, 2000.
39. Melissas J, Christodoulakis M, Spyridakis M, et al: Disorders associated with clinically severe obesity: Significant improvement after surgical weight reduction. South Med J 91:1143-1148, 1998.