Ultrafast chemical interface scattering as an additional decay channel for nascent nonthermal electrons in small metal nanoparticles

Journal of Chemical Physics

Volumn 120, Issue 19, 2004, Pages 9302-9315

  Bauer, Christophe ^a   Abid, Jean Pierre ^a   Fermin, David ^a   Girault, Hubert H ^a  

^a Institut de chimie moleculaire et biologique Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCELERATION; DAMPING; DESORPTION; DISSOCIATION; ELECTRON SCATTERING; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; GOLD; INTERFACES (MATERIALS); LASER PULSES; MOLECULAR VIBRATIONS; PHONONS; RESONANCE; SURFACE PHENOMENA; TITANIUM DIOXIDE;

ADSORBATES; NANOPARTICLES (NP); NASCENT NONTHERMAL ELECTRONS (NNE); ULTRAFAST CHEMICAL INTERFACE SCATTERING (UCIS);

NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS;

EID: 2942565961     PISSN: 00219606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.1710856     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. S. Link and M. A. El-Sayed, J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 8410 (1999).
2. J. H. Hodak, A. Henglein, and G. V. Hartland, J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 9954 (2000).
3. C. Voisin, N. Del Fatti, D. Christofilos, and F. Vallée, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 2264 (2001).
4. N. Del Fatti and F. Vallée, C. R. Phys. 3, 365 (2002).
5. K. L. Kelly, E. Coronado, L. L. Zhao, and G. C. Schatz, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 668 (2003).
6. D. N. Denzler, C. Frischkorn, C. Hess, M. Wolf, and G. Ertl, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 226102 (2003).
7. M. Bonn, S. Funk, C. Hess, D. N. Denzler, C. Stampf, M. Scheffler, M. Wolf, and G. Ertl, Science 285, 1042 (1999).
8. H. Petek, M. J. Weida, H. Nagano, and S. Ogawa, Science 288, 1402 (2000).
9. M. Wolf and G. Ertl, Science 288, 1352 (2000).
10. A. Stella, M. Nisoli, S. De Silvestri, O. Svelto, G. Lanzani, P. Cheyssac, and R. Kofman, Phys. Rev. B 53, 15497 (1996).
11. N. Pontius, G. Luttgens, P. S. Bechthold, M. Neeb, and W. Eberhardt, J. Chem. Phys. 115, 10479 (2001).
12. N. Pontius, M. Neeb, W. Eberhardt, G. Luttgens, and P. S. Bechthold, Phys. Rev. B 67, 035425 (2003).
13. P. Zhang and T. K. Sham, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 245502 (2003).
14. In order to avoid confusions about the vocabulary used in this paper, it could be useful to point out that all the following processes are equivalent and describe the same phenomenon: internal thermalization, electron-electron collision, electron-electron scattering, build-up of Fermi-Dirac electron distribution, hot electron thermalization, formation of a hot electronic gas, establishment of an electronic temperature. The external thermalization describes the electronic energy transfer toward the lattice via electron-phonon interaction and is also called the cooling process.
15. S. I. Animisov, B. L. Kapeliovich and T. L. Perel'man, Sov. Phys. JETP 39, 375 (1974).
16. G. L. Eesley, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 2140 (1983).
17. J. G. Fujimoto, J. M. Liu, E. P. Ippen, and N. Bloembergen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 1837 (1984).
18. H. E. Elsayed-Ali, T. B. Norris, M. A. Pessot, and G. A. Mourou, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 1212 (1987).
19. T. Tokizaki, A. Nakamura, S. Kaneko, K. Uchida, S. Omi, H. Tanji, and Y. Asahara, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 941 (1994).
20. M. Aeschlimann, H. E. Elsayed-Ali, R. J. D. Miller, D. A. Mantell, J. Cao, and Y. Gao, Phys. Rev. B 50, 8957 (1994).
21. S. Ogawa, H. Nagano, and H. Petek, Phys. Rev. B 55, 10869 (1997).
22. C. L. Guo, G. Rodriguez, and A. J. Taylor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1638 (2001).
23. W. S. Fann, R. Storz, H. W. K. Tom, and J. Bokor, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 2834 (1992).
24. C. K. Sun, F. Vallée, L. H. Acioli, E. P. Ippen, and J. G. Fujimoto, Phys. Rev. B 50, 15337 (1994).
25. R. H. M. Groeneveld, R. Sprik, and A. Lagendijk, Phys. Rev. B 51, 11433 (1995).
26. C. Voisin, D. Christofilos, N. D. Fatti, F. Vallee, B. Prevel, E. Cottancin, J. Lerme, M. Pellarin, and M. Broyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2200 (2000).
27. J. J. Quinn, Phys. Rev. 126, 1453 (1962).
28. The electronic temperature rise was estimated from the gold heat capacity, the adsorbed optical energy (according to the laser pulse intensity, the spot size and the sample absorbance) and the concentration of gold nanoparticles. However, these values should be taken with care since uncertainties on the spot size are quite large (±30%). Furthermore, as demonstrated in this work, a significant part of the optical energy is directly dissipated toward adsorbates and is therefore not redistributed among other electrons to build-up the Fermi-Dirac distribution.
29. J. Y. Bigot, J. C. Merle, O. Cregut, and A. Daunois, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4702 (1995).
30. J. H. Hodak, A. Henglein, and G. V. Hartland, J. Chem. Phys. 112, 5942 (2000).
31. B. N. J. Persson, Surf. Sci. 283, 153 (1993).
32. U. Kreibig and M. Vollmer, Optical Properties of Metal Clusters (Springer, Berlin, 1995).
33. H. Hövel, S. Fritz, A. Hilger, and U. Kreibig, Phys. Rev. B 48, 18178 (1993).
34. J. Bosbach, C. Hendrich, F. Stietz, T. Vartanyan, and F. Trager, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 257404 (2002).
35. R. H. Doremus, J. Chem. Phys. 42, 414 (1965).
36. U. Kreibig, Z. Phys. 234, 307 (1970).
37. W. A. Kraus and G. C. Schatz, J. Chem. Phys. 79, 6130 (1983).
38. P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370 (1972).
39. G. Mie, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 25, 377 (1908).
40. J. Fink, C. J. Kiely, D. Bethell, and D. J. Schiffrin, Chem. Mater. 10, 922 (1998).
41. N. W. Duffy, K. D. Dobson, K. C. Gordon, B. H. Robinson, and A. J. McQuillan, Chem. Phys. Lett. 266, 451 (1997).
42. C. Bauer, G. Boschloo, E. Mukhtar, and A. Hagfeldt, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 12693 (2002).
43. J. E. Martin, J. Odinek, J. P. Wilcoxon, R. A. Anderson, and P. Provencio, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 430 (2003).
44. T. Shimizu, T. Teranishi, S. Hasegawa, and M. Myake, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 2719 (2003).
45. K. Nakamoto, Infrared Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds (Wiley, New York, 1978).
46. M. Primet, P. Pichat, and M. V. Mathieu, J. Phys. Chem. 75, 1210 (1972).
47. M. Primet, P. Pichat, and M. V. Mathieu, J. Phys. Chem. 75, 1221 (1972).
48. K. Tanaka and J. M. White, J. Phys. Chem. 86, 4708 (1992).
49. S. Link, C. Burda, Z. L. Wang, and M. A. El-Sayed, J. Chem. Phys. 111, 1255 (1999).
50. N. Del Fatti and F. Vallée, Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. B73, 383 (2001).
51. N. Del Fatti, R. Bouffanais, F. Vallée, and C. Flytzanis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 922 (1998).
52. N. Del Fatti, C. Voisin, M. Achermann, S. Tzortakis, D. Christofilos, and F. Vallée, Phys. Rev. B 61, 16956 (2000).
53. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics (Wiley, New York, 1996).
54. M. Niemietz, P. Gerhardt, G. Ganteför, and Y. D. Kim, Chem. Phys. Lett. 380, 99 (2003).
55. M. Valden, X. Lai, and D. W. Goodman, Science 281, 1647 (1998).
56. J. W. Gadzuk and E. W. Plummer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 26, 92 (1971).
57. H. Petek and S. Ogawa, Prog. Surf. Sci. 56, 239 (1998).
58. M. Aeschlimann, M. Bauer, S. Pawlik, R. Knorren, G. Bouzerar, and K. H. Bennemann, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. A71, 485 (2000).
59. R. Knorren, K. H. Bennemann, R. Burgermeister, and M. Aeschlimann, Phys. Rev. B 61, 9427 (2000).
60. M. Perner, P. Bost, G. Lemmer, G. von Plessen, J. Feldmann, U. Becker, M. Mennig, M. Schmitt, and H. Schmitt, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2192 (1997).
61. T. V. Shahbazyan and I. E. Perakis, Chem. Phys. 251, 37 (2000).
62. T. V. Shahbazyan, I. E. Perakis, and J. Y. Bigot, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3120 (1998).
63. T. V. Shahbazyan and I. E. Prakis, Phys. Rev. B 60, 9090 (1999).
64. M. Aeschlimann, M. Bauer, and S. Pawlik, Chem. Phys. 205, 127 (1996).
65. N. Del Fatti, C. Flytzanis, and F. Vallée, Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. B68, 433 (1999).
66. D. Lang and A. R. Williams, Phys. Rev. B 18, 616 (1978).
67. P. Nordlander and J. C. Tully, Phys. Rev. B 42, 5564 (1990).
68. G. Borisov, D. Teillet-Billy, J. P. Gauyacq, H. Winter, and G. Dierkes, Phys. Rev. B 54, 17166 (1996).
69. S. Ogawa, H. Nagano, and H. Petek, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1931 (1999).
70. A. G. Borisov, J. P. Gauyacq, E. V. Chulkov, V. M. Silkin, and P. M. Echenique, Phys. Rev. B 65, 235434 (2002).
71. M. Bauer and M. Aeschlimann, Phys. Rev. B 55, 10040 (1997).
72. M. Bauer and M. Aeschlimann, Phys. Rev. B 60, 5016 (1999).
73. R. W. Gurney, Phys. Rev. 47, 479 (1935).
74. R. J. D. Miller, G. L. McLendon, A. J. Nozik, W. Schmickler, and F. Willig, Surface Electron-Transfer Processes (VCH, New York, 1995).
75. D. Menzel and R. Gomer, J. Chem. Phys. 41, 3311 (1964).
76. P. A. Redhead, Can. J. Phys. 42, 886 (1964).
77. J. W. Gadzuk, Phys. Rev. B 44, 13466 (1991).
78. W. Ho, Surf. Sci. 363, 166 (1995).
79. A. Herzenberg, J. Phys. B 1, 548 (1968).
80. F. Cosandey and T. E. Madey, Surf. Rev. Lett. 8, 73 (2001).
81. N. Nilius, N. Ernst, and H.-J. Freund, Chem. Phys. Lett. 349, 351 (2001).
82. N. Nilius, N. Ernst, and H.-J. Freund, Surf. Sci. 478, 327 (2001).
83. P. Bonhôte, J.-E. Moser, R. Humphry-Baker, N. Vlachopoulos, S. M. Zakeeruddin, L. Walder, and M. Gratzel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 1324 (1999).
84. E. W. McFarland and J. Tang, Nature (London) 421, 616 (2003).
85. R. J. Deliwala, R. J. Finlay, T. H. Goldmann, T. H. Her, W. D. Mieher, and E. Mazur, Chem. Phys. Lett. 242, 617 (1995).
86. T.-H. Her, R. J. Finlay, C. Wu, and E. Mazur, J. Chem. Phys. 108, 8595 (1998).