The role of fringing coral reef in beach protection of Hurghada, Gulf of Suez, Red Sea of Egypt

Ecological Engineering

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 17-25

  Frihy, Omran E ^a   El Ganaini, Mohamed A ^b   El Sayed, Walid R ^a   Iskander, Moheb M ^a  

^a Coastal Research Institute ^*  (Egypt)

^b Alexandria University The Faculty Of Engineering   (Egypt)

Author keywords

Artificial lagoons; Beach protection; Coral reef; Mathematical model; Recreation facilities; Red Sea; Suez gulf

Indexed keywords

BEACHES; COASTAL ZONES; EROSION; MORPHOLOGY; SAND;

AQUATIC SYSTEMS; CORAL REEFS;

ECOLOGY;

BEACH EROSION; COASTAL PROTECTION; CORAL REEF; LAGOON;

BEACH EROSION; COASTAL PROTECTION; CORAL REEF; FRINGING REEF; LAGOON;

AFRICA; AL GHURDAQAH; EGYPT; NORTH AFRICA; RED SEA [(GVR) EGYPT];

ANTHOZOA;

EID: 2942534806     PISSN: 09258574     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2003.11.004     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. CRI (Coastal Research Institute), 1994. Studies and recommendations for alleviating the negative impacts of the infringements on the coastal zone between km 15 to 23.70 km (Hurghada/Safaga) Road, Red Sea. Technical Report No. 1, 50 pp.
2. Dalrymple R.A. Model for refraction of water waves. J. Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Eng. ASCE. 114:1988;423-435
3. Dewidar Kh.M. Landfill detection in Hurghada, North Red Sea, Egypt, using thematic Mapper images. Int. J. Remote Sens. 23:2002;939-948
4. El Gamily H., Nasr S., El Raey M. An assessment of natural and human-induced changes along Hurghada and Ras Abu Soma coastal area, Red Sea, Egypt. Int. J. Remote Sens. 22:2001;2999-3014
5. El Sayed, W.R., 2004. A 2-D mathematical model for simulating the coastal processes and its application along the Egyptian coast. Ph.D. dissertation, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alexandria, Egypt.
6. Folk R.L., Ward W.C. Brazos river bar: a study in the significance of grain size parameters. J. Sedimentary Petrol. 27:1957;3-27
7. Frihy O.E., Fanos A.M., Khafagy A.A., Abu Aesha T. Human Impacts on the coastal zone of Hurghada, northern Red Sea, Egypt. Geo-Mar. Lett. 16:1996;324-429
8. Goda, Y., 1985. Random Seas and Design of Marine Structures. University of Tokyo Press, Japan.
9. Gravens, M.B., Kraus, N.C., Hanson, H., 1991. GENESIS: generalized model for simulating shoreline change, Report 2, Workbook and System User's Manual. Technical Report CERC-89-19, Coastal Engineering Research Center, US Army Engineering Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS.
10. Horikawa, K., 1978. Coastal Engineering: An Introduction to Ocean Engineering. University of Tokyo Press, Japan, pp. 185-229.
11. Moufaddal, W., 2001. Assessment of natural and human-induced changes along the Red Sea coastal zone between Ras Gemsha and Safaga using multidate satellite data. Ph.D. thesis, Saint Petersburg State University, 175 pp.
12. Nir Y. Sediment transport patterns of southern Sinai coast and their role in the Holocene development of coral reefs and lagoons. J. Coastal Res. 12:1996;70-78
13. RSGAP (Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot Book), 1980. Hydrographic Department, Ministry of Defense, London, 12th ed. Hydrographers of the Navy, 248 pp.
14. Said, R., 1962. The Geology of Egypt. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 377 pp.
15. Shore Protection Manual, 1984. Vol. 2. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Coastal Engineering Research Center, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, pp. 2-130.