메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 989-1007

Aeration due to breaking waves. Part I: Bubble populations

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUBBLES (IN FLUIDS); ROBUSTNESS (CONTROL SYSTEMS); SONAR; WAVE EFFECTS; WIND EFFECTS;

EID: 2942520852     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0485(2004)034<0989:ADTBWP>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (26)

References (76)
  • 2
    • 0002710601 scopus 로고
    • Acoustic sensing of gas bubbles in the ocean medium
    • Akulichev, V. A., V. A. Bulanov, and S. A. Klenin, 1986: Acoustic sensing of gas bubbles in the ocean medium. Sov. Phys. Acoust., 32, 177-180.
    • (1986) Sov. Phys. Acoust. , vol.32 , pp. 177-180
    • Akulichev, V.A.1    Bulanov, V.A.2    Klenin, S.A.3
  • 3
    • 0034944576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Broad band parametric imaging of breaking ocean waves
    • Andrew, R. K., D. M. Farmer, and R. L. Kirlin, 2001: Broad band parametric imaging of breaking ocean waves. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 110, 150-162.
    • (2001) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.110 , pp. 150-162
    • Andrew, R.K.1    Farmer, D.M.2    Kirlin, R.L.3
  • 4
    • 0025387115 scopus 로고
    • The influence of wave breaking on the surface pressure distribution in wind-wave interactions
    • Banner, M. L., 1990: The influence of wave breaking on the surface pressure distribution in wind-wave interactions. J. Fluid Mech., 211, 463-495.
    • (1990) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.211 , pp. 463-495
    • Banner, M.L.1
  • 5
    • 0347154264 scopus 로고
    • On the incipient breaking of small scale waves
    • Banner, M. L., and O. M. Phillips, 1974: On the incipient breaking of small scale waves. J. Fluid Mech., 65, 647-656.
    • (1974) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.65 , pp. 647-656
    • Banner, M.L.1    Phillips, O.M.2
  • 6
    • 0013727996 scopus 로고
    • On the separation of air flow over water waves
    • Banner, M. L., and W. K. Melville, 1976: On the separation of air flow over water waves. J. Fluid Mech., 77, 825-842.
    • (1976) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.77 , pp. 825-842
    • Banner, M.L.1    Melville, W.K.2
  • 7
    • 0032095528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tangential stress beneath wind-driven air-water interfaces
    • Banner, M. L., and W. L. Pierson, 1998: Tangential stress beneath wind-driven air-water interfaces. J. Fluid Mech., 364, 115-145.
    • (1998) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.364 , pp. 115-145
    • Banner, M.L.1    Pierson, W.L.2
  • 8
    • 0034471363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breaking probability for dominant waves on the sea surface
    • Banner, M. L., A. V. Babanin, and I. R. Young, 2000: Breaking probability for dominant waves on the sea surface. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 3145-3160.
    • (2000) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.30 , pp. 3145-3160
    • Banner, M.L.1    Babanin, A.V.2    Young, I.R.3
  • 9
    • 0000455027 scopus 로고
    • Variation of bulk-derived surface flux, stability, and roughness results due to the use of different transfer coefficient schemes
    • Blanc, T. V., 1985: Variation of bulk-derived surface flux, stability, and roughness results due to the use of different transfer coefficient schemes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 650-669.
    • (1985) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.15 , pp. 650-669
    • Blanc, T.V.1
  • 11
    • 0028571754 scopus 로고
    • Modeling wave-enhanced turbulence in the ocean surface layer
    • Craig, P. D., and M. L. Banner, 1994: Modeling wave-enhanced turbulence in the ocean surface layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2546-2559.
    • (1994) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.24 , pp. 2546-2559
    • Craig, P.D.1    Banner, M.L.2
  • 12
    • 0028976407 scopus 로고
    • On bubble clouds produced by breaking waves: An event analysis of ocean acoustic measurements
    • Dahl, P. H., and A. T. Jessup, 1995: On bubble clouds produced by breaking waves: An event analysis of ocean acoustic measurements. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5007-5020.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.100 , pp. 5007-5020
    • Dahl, P.H.1    Jessup, A.T.2
  • 13
    • 0028571643 scopus 로고
    • Observations of breaking surface wave statistics
    • Ding, L., and D. M. Farmer, 1994: Observations of breaking surface wave statistics. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1368-1387.
    • (1994) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.24 , pp. 1368-1387
    • Ding, L.1    Farmer, D.M.2
  • 14
    • 21344484727 scopus 로고
    • Measuring the relationship between wind stress and sea state in the open ocean in the presence of swell
    • Dobson, F. W., S. D. Smith, and R. J. Anderson, 1994: Measuring the relationship between wind stress and sea state in the open ocean in the presence of swell. Atmos.-Ocean, 32, 237-256.
    • (1994) Atmos.-Ocean , vol.32 , pp. 237-256
    • Dobson, F.W.1    Smith, S.D.2    Anderson, R.J.3
  • 16
    • 0001652929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The air-sea momentum flux in conditions of wind sea and swell
    • Donelan, M., W. M. Drennan, and K. B. Katsaros, 1997: The air-sea momentum flux in conditions of wind sea and swell. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 2087-2099.
    • (1997) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.27 , pp. 2087-2099
    • Donelan, M.1    Drennan, W.M.2    Katsaros, K.B.3
  • 17
    • 0032449704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A free-flooding acoustical resonator for measurement of bubble size distributions
    • Farmer, D. M., S. Vagle, and A. D. Booth, 1998: A free-flooding acoustical resonator for measurement of bubble size distributions. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 1132-1146.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.15 , pp. 1132-1146
    • Farmer, D.M.1    Vagle, S.2    Booth, A.D.3
  • 18
    • 0033759465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The connection between bubble size spectra and energy dissipation rates in the upper ocean
    • Garrett, C., M. Li, and D. Farmer, 2000. The connection between bubble size spectra and energy dissipation rates in the upper ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2163-2171.
    • (2000) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.30 , pp. 2163-2171
    • Garrett, C.1    Li, M.2    Farmer, D.3
  • 19
    • 0002512795 scopus 로고
    • Variation of the drag coefficient and its dependence on sea state
    • Geernaert, G. L., K., B. Katsaros, and K. Richter, 1986: Variation of the drag coefficient and its dependence on sea state. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 7667-7679.
    • (1986) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.91 , pp. 7667-7679
    • Geernaert, G.L.1    Katsaros, K.B.2    Richter, K.3
  • 20
    • 0033389318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of the scale and occurrence of breaking surface waves
    • Gemmrich, J. R., and D. M. Farmer, 1999: Observations of the scale and occurrence of breaking surface waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 2595-2606.
    • (1999) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.29 , pp. 2595-2606
    • Gemmrich, J.R.1    Farmer, D.M.2
  • 21
    • 2942512799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aeration due to breaking waves. Part II: Fluxes
    • Graham, A., 2004: Aeration due to breaking waves. Part II: Fluxes. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 1008-1018.
    • (2004) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.34 , pp. 1008-1018
    • Graham, A.1
  • 22
    • 0030812358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The horizontal distribution of bubbles in a shallow sea
    • Graham, A., and A. J. Hall, 1997: The horizontal distribution of bubbles in a shallow sea. Cont. Shelf Res., 17, 1051-1082.
    • (1997) Cont. Shelf Res. , vol.17 , pp. 1051-1082
    • Graham, A.1    Hall, A.J.2
  • 23
    • 0013764912 scopus 로고
    • Air bubbles produced by breaking wind waves: A laboratory study
    • Hwang, P. A., Y.-H. L. Hsu, and J. Wu, 1990: Air bubbles produced by breaking wind waves: A laboratory study. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 19-28.
    • (1990) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.20 , pp. 19-28
    • Hwang, P.A.1    Hsu, Y.-H.L.2    Wu, J.3
  • 24
    • 0032171136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observation and modelling of the dynamics of benthic fluff resuspended from a sandy bed in the southern North Sea
    • Jago, C. F., and S. E. Jones, 1998: Observation and modelling of the dynamics of benthic fluff resuspended from a sandy bed in the southern North Sea. Cont. Shelf Res., 18, 1255-1282.
    • (1998) Cont. Shelf Res. , vol.18 , pp. 1255-1282
    • Jago, C.F.1    Jones, S.E.2
  • 25
    • 0029749950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of ocean skin temperature by swell waves
    • Jessup, A. T., and V. Hesany, 1996: Modulation of ocean skin temperature by swell waves. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 6501-6511.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 6501-6511
    • Jessup, A.T.1    Hesany, V.2
  • 26
    • 0030621008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrared remote sensing of breaking waves
    • Jessup, A. T., C. J. Zappa, M. R. Loewen, and V. Hesany, 1997: Infrared remote sensing of breaking waves. Nature, 385, 52-55.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 52-55
    • Jessup, A.T.1    Zappa, C.J.2    Loewen, M.R.3    Hesany, V.4
  • 28
    • 0000519552 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the concentration and statistical size distribution of wind-produced bubbles in the near-surface ocean layer
    • Kolovayev, P. A., 1975: Investigation of the concentration and statistical size distribution of wind-produced bubbles in the near-surface ocean layer. Oceanology, 15, 659-661.
    • (1975) Oceanology , vol.15 , pp. 659-661
    • Kolovayev, P.A.1
  • 29
    • 21344479929 scopus 로고
    • On the concentration and statistical distribution of the sizes of air bubbles produced by the wind in coastal waters of the Black Sea
    • Kolovayev, P. A., and A. Kh. Dekterev, 1992: On the concentration and statistical distribution of the sizes of air bubbles produced by the wind in coastal waters of the Black Sea. Oceanology, 32, 305-308.
    • (1992) Oceanology , vol.32 , pp. 305-308
    • Kolovayev, P.A.1    Dekterev, A.Kh.2
  • 31
    • 0026292868 scopus 로고
    • Air entrainment and dissipation in breaking waves
    • Lamarre, E., and W. K. Melville, 1991. Air entrainment and dissipation in breaking waves. Nature, 351, 469-472.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 469-472
    • Lamarre, E.1    Melville, W.K.2
  • 32
    • 0028184610 scopus 로고
    • Void-fraction measurements and sound-speed fields in bubble plumes generated by breaking waves
    • Lamarre, E., and W. K. Melville, 1994: Void-fraction measurements and sound-speed fields in bubble plumes generated by breaking waves. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 95, 1317-1328.
    • (1994) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.95 , pp. 1317-1328
    • Lamarre, E.1    Melville, W.K.2
  • 33
    • 0017471273 scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of the system of wind drift currents and Langmuir circulations in the ocean. Part 1: Theory and averaged current
    • Leibovich, S., 1977: On the evolution of the system of wind drift currents and Langmuir circulations in the ocean. Part 1: Theory and averaged current. J. Fluid Mech., 79, 715-743.
    • (1977) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.79 , pp. 715-743
    • Leibovich, S.1
  • 34
    • 0002781103 scopus 로고
    • Flux of gases across the air-sea interface
    • Liss, P. S., and P. G. Slater, 1974: Flux of gases across the air-sea interface. Nature, 247, 181-184.
    • (1974) Nature , vol.247 , pp. 181-184
    • Liss, P.S.1    Slater, P.G.2
  • 35
    • 0002519297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report Group 1 - Physical processes in the microlayer and the air-sea exchange of trace gases
    • Coauthors, P. S. Liss and R. A. Duce, Eds., University Press
    • Liss, P. S., and Coauthors, 1997: Report Group 1-Physical processes in the microlayer and the air-sea exchange of trace gases. The Sea Surface and Global Change, P. S. Liss and R. A. Duce, Eds., University Press, 1-33.
    • (1997) The Sea Surface and Global Change , pp. 1-33
    • Liss, P.S.1
  • 36
    • 0023327901 scopus 로고
    • The propagation of short surface waves on longer gravity waves
    • Longuet-Higgins, M. S., 1987: The propagation of short surface waves on longer gravity waves. J. Fluid Mech., 177, 293-306.
    • (1987) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.177 , pp. 293-306
    • Longuet-Higgins, M.S.1
  • 37
    • 0002523682 scopus 로고
    • The deformation of steep surface waves on water. I. A numerical method of computation
    • Longuet-Higgins, M. S., and E. D. Cokelet, 1976: The deformation of steep surface waves on water. I. A numerical method of computation. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A350, 1-26.
    • (1976) Proc. Roy. Soc. London , vol.A350 , pp. 1-26
    • Longuet-Higgins, M.S.1    Cokelet, E.D.2
  • 38
    • 0017851528 scopus 로고
    • The deformation of steep surface waves on water. II. Growth of normal-mode instabilities
    • Longuet-Higgins, M. S., and E. D. Cokelet, 1978: The deformation of steep surface waves on water. II. Growth of normal-mode instabilities, Proc. Roy. Soc. London, A364, 1-28.
    • (1978) Proc. Roy. Soc. London , vol.A364 , pp. 1-28
    • Longuet-Higgins, M.S.1    Cokelet, E.D.2
  • 39
    • 0017347470 scopus 로고
    • Counting bubbles acoustically: A review
    • Medwin, H., 1977: Counting bubbles acoustically: A review. Ultrasonics, 15, 7-13.
    • (1977) Ultrasonics , vol.15 , pp. 7-13
    • Medwin, H.1
  • 40
    • 85009250311 scopus 로고
    • Ambient and transient bubble spectral densities in quiescent seas and under spilling breakers
    • Medwin, H., and N. D. Breitz, 1989: Ambient and transient bubble spectral densities in quiescent seas and under spilling breakers. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 12 751-12 759.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94 , pp. 12751-12759
    • Medwin, H.1    Breitz, N.D.2
  • 41
    • 0020090849 scopus 로고
    • The instability and breaking of deep-water waves
    • Melville, W. K., 1982: The instability and breaking of deep-water waves. J. Fluid Mech., 115, 165-185.
    • (1982) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.115 , pp. 165-185
    • Melville, W.K.1
  • 42
    • 0020717316 scopus 로고
    • Wave modulation and breakdown
    • Melville, W. K., 1983: Wave modulation and breakdown. J. Fluid Mech., 128, 489-506.
    • (1983) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.128 , pp. 489-506
    • Melville, W.K.1
  • 43
    • 0028668822 scopus 로고
    • Energy dissipation by breaking waves
    • Melville, W. K., 1994: Energy dissipation by breaking waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2041-2049.
    • (1994) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.24 , pp. 2041-2049
    • Melville, W.K.1
  • 44
    • 0000246604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of surface-wave breaking in air-sea interaction
    • Melville, W. K., 1996: The role of surface-wave breaking in air-sea interaction. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 28, 279-321.
    • (1996) Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. , vol.28 , pp. 279-321
    • Melville, W.K.1
  • 45
    • 0345120827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface effects of bottom-generated turbulence in a shallow tidal sea
    • Nimmo Smith, W. A. M., S. A. Thorpe, and A. Graham, 1999: Surface effects of bottom-generated turbulence in a shallow tidal sea. Nature, 400, 251-254.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 251-254
    • Nimmo Smith, W.A.M.1    Thorpe, S.A.2    Graham, A.3
  • 46
    • 21144482447 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of bubble plumes and turbulence from a submarine
    • Osborn, T., D. M. Farmer, S. Vagle, S. A. Thorpe, and M. Cure, 1992: Measurements of bubble plumes and turbulence from a submarine. Atmos.-Ocean, 30, 419-440.
    • (1992) Atmos.-Ocean , vol.30 , pp. 419-440
    • Osborn, T.1    Farmer, D.M.2    Vagle, S.3    Thorpe, S.A.4    Cure, M.5
  • 47
    • 0030757790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short pulse acoustic excitation of microbubbles
    • Pace, N. G., A. Cowley, and A. M. Campbell, 1997: Short pulse acoustic excitation of microbubbles. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 102, 1474-1479.
    • (1997) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.102 , pp. 1474-1479
    • Pace, N.G.1    Cowley, A.2    Campbell, A.M.3
  • 49
    • 0021830430 scopus 로고
    • Spectral and statistical properties of the equilibrium range in wind-generated gravity waves
    • Phillips, O. M., 1985: Spectral and statistical properties of the equilibrium range in wind-generated gravity waves. J. Fluid Mech., 156, 505-531.
    • (1985) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.156 , pp. 505-531
    • Phillips, O.M.1
  • 50
    • 0345763891 scopus 로고
    • Wave breaking in the presence of wind drift and swell
    • Phillips, O. M., and M. L. Banner, 1974: Wave breaking in the presence of wind drift and swell. J. Fluid Mech., 66, 625-640.
    • (1974) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.66 , pp. 625-640
    • Phillips, O.M.1    Banner, M.L.2
  • 51
    • 0035245506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High range resolution radar measurements of the speed distribution of breaking events in wind-generated ocean waves: Surface impulse and wave energy dissipation rates
    • Phillips, O. M., F. L. Posner, and J. F. Hansen, 2001: High range resolution radar measurements of the speed distribution of breaking events in wind-generated ocean waves: Surface impulse and wave energy dissipation rates. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 450-460.
    • (2001) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.31 , pp. 450-460
    • Phillips, O.M.1    Posner, F.L.2    Hansen, J.F.3
  • 53
    • 0000711956 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory models of deep-water breaking waves
    • Rapp, R. J., and W. K. Melville, 1990: Laboratory models of deep-water breaking waves. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A331, 735-800.
    • (1990) Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London , vol.A331 , pp. 735-800
    • Rapp, R.J.1    Melville, W.K.2
  • 54
    • 0031868292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removing wave effects from the wind stress vector
    • Rieder, K. F., and J. A. Smith, 1998: Removing wave effects from the wind stress vector. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 1363-1374.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 1363-1374
    • Rieder, K.F.1    Smith, J.A.2
  • 55
    • 0030422898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some evidence of colinear wind stress and wave breaking
    • Rieder, K. F., J. A. Smith, and R. A. Weller, 1996: Some evidence of colinear wind stress and wave breaking. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 2519-2524.
    • (1996) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.26 , pp. 2519-2524
    • Rieder, K.F.1    Smith, J.A.2    Weller, R.A.3
  • 56
    • 0027878466 scopus 로고
    • Marine aerosol concentrations and estimated fluxes over the sea
    • Smith, M. H., P. M. Park, and I. E. Consterdine, 1993: Marine aerosol concentrations and estimated fluxes over the sea. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 809-824.
    • (1993) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.119 , pp. 809-824
    • Smith, M.H.1    Park, P.M.2    Consterdine, I.E.3
  • 57
    • 0029832726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doppler radar measurements of wave groups and breaking waves
    • Smith, M. J., E. M. Poulter, and J. A. McGregor, 1996: Doppler radar measurements of wave groups and breaking waves. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 14 269-14 282.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 14269-14282
    • Smith, M.J.1    Poulter, E.M.2    McGregor, J.A.3
  • 58
    • 0028599933 scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of the cool skin of the ocean and of the air-ocean gas transfer on the basis of modeling surface renewal
    • Soloviev, A. V., and P. Schlüssel, 1994: Parameterization of the cool skin of the ocean and of the air-ocean gas transfer on the basis of modeling surface renewal. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1339-1346.
    • (1994) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.24 , pp. 1339-1346
    • Soloviev, A.V.1    Schlüssel, P.2
  • 59
    • 0026645548 scopus 로고
    • Pulse length effects on the transmissivity of bubbly water
    • Suiter, H. R., 1992: Pulse length effects on the transmissivity of bubbly water. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 91, 1383-1387.
    • (1992) J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. , vol.91 , pp. 1383-1387
    • Suiter, H.R.1
  • 61
    • 0027928897 scopus 로고
    • On the use of acoustics for measuring shallow water suspended sediment processes
    • Thorne, P. D., P. J. Hardcastle, D. Flatt, and J. D. Humphery, 1994: On the use of acoustics for measuring shallow water suspended sediment processes. IEEE J. Oceanic Eng., 19, 48-57.
    • (1994) IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. , vol.19 , pp. 48-57
    • Thorne, P.D.1    Hardcastle, P.J.2    Flatt, D.3    Humphery, J.D.4
  • 62
    • 0001116528 scopus 로고
    • On the clouds of bubbles formed by breaking wind-waves in deep water, and their role in air-sea gas transfer
    • Thorpe, S. A., 1982: On the clouds of bubbles formed by breaking wind-waves in deep water, and their role in air-sea gas transfer. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, A304, 155-210.
    • (1982) Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London , vol.A304 , pp. 155-210
    • Thorpe, S.A.1
  • 63
    • 0006902578 scopus 로고
    • The effect of Langmuir circulation on the distribution of submerged bubbles caused by breaking wind waves
    • Thorpe, S. A., 1984: The effect of Langmuir circulation on the distribution of submerged bubbles caused by breaking wind waves. J. Fluid Mech., 114, 237-250.
    • (1984) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.114 , pp. 237-250
    • Thorpe, S.A.1
  • 64
    • 0000354847 scopus 로고
    • Measurements with an automatically recording inverted echo sounder: ARIES and the bubble clouds
    • Thorpe, S. A., 1986: Measurements with an automatically recording inverted echo sounder: ARIES and the bubble clouds. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 1462-1478.
    • (1986) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.16 , pp. 1462-1478
    • Thorpe, S.A.1
  • 65
    • 0026613165 scopus 로고
    • Bubble clouds and the dynamics of the upper ocean
    • Thorpe, S. A., 1992: Bubble clouds and the dynamics of the upper ocean. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 1-22.
    • (1992) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.118 , pp. 1-22
    • Thorpe, S.A.1
  • 66
    • 0027790694 scopus 로고
    • Energy loss by breaking waves
    • Thorpe, S. A., 1993: Energy loss by breaking waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 2498-2502.
    • (1993) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.23 , pp. 2498-2502
    • Thorpe, S.A.1
  • 67
    • 0029478385 scopus 로고
    • Dynamical processes of transfer at the sea surface
    • Pergamon
    • Thorpe, S. A., 1995: Dynamical processes of transfer at the sea surface. Progress in Oceanography, Vol. 35, Pergamon, 315-352.
    • (1995) Progress in Oceanography , vol.35 , pp. 315-352
    • Thorpe, S.A.1
  • 68
    • 0019269583 scopus 로고
    • The mixing layer of Loch Ness
    • Thorpe, S. A., and A. J. Hall, 1980: The mixing layer of Loch Ness. J. Fluid Mech., 101, 687-703.
    • (1980) J. Fluid Mech. , vol.101 , pp. 687-703
    • Thorpe, S.A.1    Hall, A.J.2
  • 69
    • 0020683573 scopus 로고
    • The characteristics of breaking waves, bubble clouds, and near-surface currents observed using side-scan sonar
    • Thorpe, S. A., and A. J. Hall, 1983: The characteristics of breaking waves, bubble clouds, and near-surface currents observed using side-scan sonar. Cont. Shelf Res., 1, 353-384.
    • (1983) Cont. Shelf Res. , vol.1 , pp. 353-384
    • Thorpe, S.A.1    Hall, A.J.2
  • 70
    • 0026796390 scopus 로고
    • Some factors affecting the size distributions of oceanic bubbles
    • Thorpe, S. A., P. Bowyer, and D. K. Woolf, 1992: Some factors affecting the size distributions of oceanic bubbles. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 382-389.
    • (1992) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.22 , pp. 382-389
    • Thorpe, S.A.1    Bowyer, P.2    Woolf, D.K.3
  • 71
    • 0028668493 scopus 로고
    • Sonar observations of Langmuir circulation, and estimation of dispersion of floating particles
    • Thorpe, S. A., M. S. Cure, A. Graham, and A. J. Hall, 1994: Sonar observations of Langmuir circulation, and estimation of dispersion of floating particles. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 1273-1294.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.11 , pp. 1273-1294
    • Thorpe, S.A.1    Cure, M.S.2    Graham, A.3    Hall, A.J.4
  • 72
    • 0027069899 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of bubble-size distributions by acoustical backscatter
    • Vagle, S., and D. M. Farmer, 1992: The measurement of bubble-size distributions by acoustical backscatter. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 9, 630-644.
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.9 , pp. 630-644
    • Vagle, S.1    Farmer, D.M.2
  • 73
    • 84956689972 scopus 로고
    • Photographic measurements of bubble populations from breaking wind waves at sea
    • Walsh, A. L., and P. J. Mulhearn, 1987: Photographic measurements of bubble populations from breaking wind waves at sea. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 14 553-14 565.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , pp. 14553-14565
    • Walsh, A.L.1    Mulhearn, P.J.2
  • 74
    • 0027873093 scopus 로고
    • Bubbles and the air-sea transfer velocity of gases
    • Woolf, D. K., 1993: Bubbles and the air-sea transfer velocity of gases. Atmos.-Ocean, 31, 517-540.
    • (1993) Atmos.-Ocean , vol.31 , pp. 517-540
    • Woolf, D.K.1
  • 75
    • 0029501384 scopus 로고
    • Small-scale wave breaking: A widespread sea surface phenomenon and it consequence for air-sea exchanges
    • Wu, J., 1995: Small-scale wave breaking: A widespread sea surface phenomenon and it consequence for air-sea exchanges. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 407-412.
    • (1995) J. Phys. Oceanogr. , vol.25 , pp. 407-412
    • Wu, J.1
  • 76
    • 0028255132 scopus 로고
    • Surface wave period modulations in near surface ambient sound
    • Zedel, L., and D. Farmer, 1994: Surface wave period modulations in near surface ambient sound. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 8041-8052.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 8041-8052
    • Zedel, L.1    Farmer, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.