Surface boundary conditions for mesoscale regional climate models

Earth Interactions

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2005, Pages

  Liang, Xin Zhong ^a   Choi, Hyun I ^a   Kunkel, Kenneth E ^a   Dai, Yongjiu ^b   Joseph, Everette ^c   Julian, X L Wang ^d   Kumar, Praveen ^e  

^a ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY   (United States)

^b BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c HOWARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d NOAA Air Resources Laboratory Silver Spring   (United States)

^e University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign   (United States)

Author keywords

Bedrock depth; Fractional vegetation cover; Land cover; Leaf area index; Regional climate model; Sea surface temperature; Soil fraction profiles; Surface boundary conditions

Indexed keywords

BEDROCK DEPTH; FRACTIONAL VEGETATION COVER; LAND COVER; LEAF AREA INDEX; REGIONAL CLIMATE MODELING; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST); SOIL FRACTIONS; SURFACE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS;

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; CLIMATE MODELS; DATA PROCESSING; OCEANOGRAPHY; VEGETATION;

SOIL SURVEYS;

EID: 29244481058     PISSN: 10873562     EISSN: 10873562     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Anthes, R. A., E. Y. Hsie, and Y. H. Kuo, 1987: Description of the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model Version 4 (MM4). NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-282+STR, 66 pp.
2. Avissar, R., and R. A. Pielke, 1989: A parameterization of heterogeneous land surfaces for atmospheric numerical models and its impact on regional meteorology. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2113-2136.
3. Belward, A. S., 1996: The IGBP-DIS global 1 km land cover data set (DISCover): Proposal and implementation plans. IGBP-DIS Working Paper 13, 61 pp. [Available from IGBP-DIS Office, 42 Ave. Gustave Coriolis, 31057 Toulouse Cedex, France.]
4. Bonan, G. B., 1995: Sensitivity of a GCM simulation to inclusion of inland water surfaces. J. Climate, 8, 2691-2704.
5. -- 1996: A land surface model (LSM version 1.0) for ecological, hydrological, and atmospheric studies: Technical decription and user's guide. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-417+STR, Boulder, CO
6. Buermann, W., Y. Wang, J. Dong, L. Zhou, X. Zeng, R. E. Dickinson, C. S. Potter, and R. B. Myneni, 2002: Analysis of a multiyear global vegetation leaf area index data set. J. Geophys.Res., 107, 4646, doi:10.1029/2001JD000975. (Pubitemid 43211898)
7. Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land surface-hydrology model with the Penn State-NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569-585. (Pubitemid 32511917)
8. Chen, J., and P. Kumar, 2001: Topographic influence of the seasonal and interannual variation of water and energy balance of basins in North America. J. Climate, 14, 1989-2014.
9. Chen, S.-H., and J. Dudhia, 2000: Annual report: WRF physics. UCAR, xxx pp. [Available online at http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/ wrf/users/wrf-doc-physics.pdf. ]
10. Clapp, B. J., and G. M. Hornberger, 1978: Empirical equations for some soil hydraulic properties. Water Resour. Res., 14, 601-604.
11. Cosby, B. J., G. M. Hornberger, R. B. Clapp, and T. R. Ginn, 1984: A statistical exploration of the relationships of soil moisture characteristics to the physical properties of soils. Water Resour. Res., 20, 682-690.
12. Dai, Y., and Coauthors, 2003: The Common Land Model. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84, 1013-1023.
13. --, R. E. Dickinson, and Y.-P. Wang, 2004: A two-big-leaf model for canopy temperature, photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance. J. Climate, 17, 2281-2299.
14. Dickinson, R. E., A. Henderson-Sellers, P. J. Kennedy, and M. F. Wilson, 1993: Biosphere atmosphere transfer scheme (BATS) version 1e as coupled for Community Climate Model. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-378+STR, 72 pp.
15. Dudhia, J., D. Gill, Y.-R. Guo, K. Manning, W. Wang, and J. Chriszar, cited 2000: PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System tutorial class notes and user's guide: MM5 modeling system version 3. [Available online at http://www.mmm.ucar. edu/mm5/documents/tutorial-v3-notes-pdf/assign.pdf.]
16. Ek, M. B., K. E. Mitchell, Y. Lin, E. Rogers, P. Grunmann, V. Koren, G. Gayno, and J. D. Tarpley, 2003: Implementation of NOAH land surface model advances in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction operational mesoscale Eta Model. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8851, doi:10.1029/2002JD003296.
17. FAO, 1996: The Digitized Soil Map of the World Including Derived Soil Prosperities. CD-ROM.
18. Freer, J., J. J. McDonnell, K. J. Beven, N. E. Peters, D. A. Burns, R. P. Hooper, B. Aulenbach, and C. Kendall, 2002: The role of bedrock topography on subsurface storm flow. Water Resour. Res., 38, 1269, doi:10.1029/2001WR000872.
19. Gallo, K., L. Ji, B. Reed, J. Dwyer, and J. Eidenshink, 2004: Comparison of MODIS and AVHRR 16-day normalized difference vegetation index composite data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L07502, doi:10.1029/2003GL019385. (Pubitemid 38870496)
20. Giorgi, F., 1997: An approach for the representation of surface heterogeneity in land surface models. Part I: Theoretical framework. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 1885-1899. (Pubitemid 127592882)
21. --, and L. O. Mearns, 1999: Introduction to special section: Regional climate modeling revisited. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 6335-6352.
22. --, M. R. Marinucci, and G. T. Bates, 1993a: Development of a second generation regional climate model (RegCM2). Part I: Boundary layer and radiative transfer processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2794-2813.
23. --, --, and --, 1993b: Development of a second generation regional climate model (RegCM2). Part II: Convective processes and assimilation of lateral boundary conditions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2814-2832.
24. --, and Coauthors, 2001: Regional climate information: Evaluation and projections. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, J. T. Houghton et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 583-638.
25. Goward, S. N., B. Markham, D. G. Dye, W. Dulaney, and A. J. Yang, 1991: Normalized difference vegetation index measurements from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer. Remote Sens. Environ., 35, 257-277.
26. Grell, A. G., J. Dudhia, and D. R. Stauffer, 1994: A description of the fifth-generation Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5). NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-398+STR, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 122 pp.
27. Gutman, G., and A. Ignatov, 1998: The derivation of the green vegetation fraction from NOAA/AVHRR data for use in numerical weather prediction models. Int. J. Remote Sens., 19, 1533-1543.
28. Jakobsson, M., R. Macnab, and IBCAO Members of the Editorial Board, cited 2001: International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) Beta version: Technical reference and user's guide. [Available online at http://www.ngdc. noaa.gov/mgg/bathymetry/arctic/IBCAO-TechnicalReference.PDF.]
29. James, M. E., and S. N. V. Kalluri, 1994: The Pathfinder AVHRR land data set-An improved coarse resolution data set for terrestrial monitoring. Int. J. Remote Sens., 15, 3347-3363.
30. Justice, D. H., and Coauthors, 1998: The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS): Land remote sensing for global change research. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 36, 1228-1249.
31. Katsuyama, M., N. Ohte, and N. Kabeya, 2005: Effects of bedrock permeability on hillslope and riparian groundwater dynamics in a weathered granite catchment. Water Resour. Res., 41, W01010, doi:10.1029/2004WR003275. (Pubitemid 40359290)
32. Klemp, J., W. Skamarock, and J. Dudhia, cited 2000: Conservative split-explicit time integration methods for the compressible nonhydrostatic equations: WRF Eulerian prototype model equations height and mass coordinates. [Available online at http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/wrf-dyn-num.html.]
33. Knyazikhin, Y., J. V. Martonchik, R. B. Myneni, D. J. Diner, and S. W. Running, 1998: Synergistic algorithm for estimating vegetation canopy leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation from MODIS and MISR data. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 32 257-32 276.
34. Koster, R. D., and M. J. Suarez, 1992: A comparative analysis of two land surface heterogeneity representations. J. Climate, 5, 1379-1390.
35. Leung, L. R., and S. J. Ghan, 1998: Parameterizing subgrid orographic precipitation and surface cover in climate models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 3271-3291.
36. --, and --, 1999: Pacific Northwest climate sensitivity simulated by a regional climate model driven by a GCM. Part I: Control simulations. J. Climate, 12, 2010-2030.
37. --, --, Z.-C. Zhao, Y. Luo, W.-C. Wang, and H.-L. Wei, 1999: Intercomparison of regional climate simulations of the 1991 summer monsoon in eastern Asia. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 6425-6454.
38. --, L. O. Mearns, F. Giorgi, and R. L. Wilby, 2003: Regional climate research. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84, 89-95.
39. Liang, X.-Z., K. E. Kunkel, and A. N. Samel, 2001: Development of a regional climate model for U.S. Midwest applications. Part I: Sensitivity to buffer zone treatment. J. Climate, 14, 4363-4378.
40. --, L. Li, A. Dai, and K. E. Kunkel, 2004a: Regional climate model simulation of summer precipitation diurnal cycle over the United States. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L24208, doi:10.1029/2004GL021054. (Pubitemid 40301193)
41. --, --, K. E. Kunkel, M. Ting, and J. X. L. Wang, 2004b: Regional climate model simulation of U.S. precipitation during 1982-2002. Part I: Annual cycle. J. Climate, 17, 3510-3528.
42. --, and Coauthors, 2004c: Development of land surface albedo parameterization based on MODIS data. J. Geophys. Res., in press.
43. --, H. Choi, K. E. Kunkel, Y. Dai, E. Joseph, J. X. L. Wang, and P. Kumar, 2005: Development of the regional climate-weather research and forecasting model (CWRF): Surface boundary conditions. Illinois State Water Survey Scientific Research, ISWS SR 2005-01, 32 pp. [Available online at http://www.sws.uiuc.edu/pubs/pubdetail.asp? CallNumber-ISWS+SR+2005%2D01.]
44. Loveland, T. R., B. C. Reed, J. F. Brown, D. O. Ohlen, Z. Zhu, L. Yang, and J. W. Merchant, 2000: Development of a global land cover characteristics database and IGBP DISCover from 1 km AVHRR data. Int. J. Remote Sens., 21, 1303-1330.
45. Masson, V., J.-L. Champeaux, F. Chauvin, C. Meriguet, and R. Lacaze, 2003: A global database of land surface parameters at 1-km resolution in meteorological and climate models. J. Climate, 16, 1261-1282.
46. Michalakes, J., cited 2000: Weather research and forecast model 1.0: Software design and implementation. [Available online at http://www.mmm.ucar. edu/wrf/users/wrf-architect.html.]
47. Miller, D. A., and R. A. White, 1998: A conterminous United States multilayer soil characteristics dataset for regional climate and hydrology modeling. Earth Interactions, 2. [Available online at http://EarthInteractions. org.]
48. Myneni, R. B., and Coauthors, 2002: Global products of vegetation leaf area and fraction absorbed PAR from year one of MODIS data. Remote Sens. Environ., 83, 214-231.
49. Reynolds, C. A., T. J. Jackson, and W. J. Rawls, 2000: Estimating soil water-holding capacities by linking the Food and Agriculture Organization soil map of the world with global pedon databases and continuous pedotransfer functions. Water Resour. Res., 36, 3653-3662.
50. Reynolds, R. W., N. A. Rayner, T. M. Smith, D. C. Stokes, and W. Wang, 2002: An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate. J. Climate, 15, 1609-1625.
51. Ritchie, J. T., A. Gerakis, and A. Suleiman, 1999: Simple model to estimate field-measured soil water limits. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agric. Eng., 42, 1609-1614.
52. Roads, J., and Coauthors, 2003: International Research Institute/Applied Research Centers (IRI/ ARCs) regional model intercomparison over South America. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4425, doi:10.1029/2002JD003201.
53. Scurlock, J. M. O., G. P. Asner, and S. T. Gower, 2001: Worldwide historical estimates of Leaf Area Index, 1932-2000. ORNL Tech. Memo. ORNL/TM-2001/268, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, xxx pp. [Available online at http://www-eosdis.ornl.gov/ VEGETATION/lai-des.html.]
54. Sellers, P. J., S. O. Los, C. J. Tucker, C. O. Justice, D. A. Dazlich, G. J. Collatz, and D. A. Randall, 1996: A revised land surface parameterization (SiB2) for atmospheric GCMs. Part II: The generation of global fields of terrestrial biophysical parameters from satellite data. J. Climate, 9, 706-737.
55. Smirnova, T. G., J. M. Brown, and D. Kim, 2000: Parameterization of cold-season processes in the MAPS land-surface scheme. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 4077-4086.
56. Smith, W. H. F., and D. T. Sandwell, 1997: Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings. Science, 277, 1956-1962.
57. Spence, C., and W. R. Rouse, 2002: The energy budget of Canadian Shield subarctic terrain and its impact on hillslope hydrological processes. J. Hydrometeor., 3, 208-218.
58. Takle, E. S., and Coauthors, 1999: Project to intercompare regional climate simulations (PIRCS): Description and initial results. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 19 443-19 461.
59. Taylor, K. E., D. Williamson, and F. Zwiers, 2000: The sea surface temperature and sea-ice concentration boundary conditions for AMIP II simulations. PCMDI Rep. 60, UCRL-JC-125597, 24 pp. [Available online at http://www-pcmdi.llnl.gov/pcmdi/pubs/pdf/60.pdf.]
60. Thiébaux, J., E. Rogers, W. Wang, and B. Katz, 2003: A new high-resolution blended real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84, 645-656.
61. Wei, H., W. J. Gutowski Jr., C. J. Vorosmarty, and B. M. Fekete, 2002: Calibration and validation of a regional climate model for Pan-Arctic hydrologic simulation. J. Climate, 15, 3222-3236.
62. Zeng, X., R. E. Dickinson, A. Walker, M. Shaikh, R. S. DeFries, and J. Qi, 2000: Derivation and evaluation of global 1-km fractional vegetation cover data for land modeling. J. Appl. Meteor., 39, 826-839.
63. --, M. Shaikh, Y. Dai, R. E. Dickinson, and R. Myneni, 2002: Coupling of the Common Land Model to the NCAR Community Climate Model. J. Climate, 15, 1832-1854.
64. --, P. Rao, R. S. Defries, and M. C. Hansen, 2003: Interannual variability and decadal trend of global fractional vegetation cover from 1982 to 2000. J. Appl. Meteor., 42, 1525-1530.
65. Zhou, L., C. J. Tucker, R. K. Kaufmann, D. Slayback, N. V. Shabanov, and R. B. Myneni, 2001: Variations in northern vegetation activity inferred from satellite data of vegetation index during 1981 to 1999. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 20 069-20 083.