Endothelial function in male body builders taking anabolic androgenic steroids

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Volumn 10, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 371-376

  Hashemi, Mohammad ^a   Bayat, F ^a   Heidari, R ^a   Basiratnia, R ^a   Kiyani, Y ^a  

^a ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

Anabolic steroids; Body builders; Endothelium; Lipids

Indexed keywords

ANABOLIC AGENT; ANDROGEN; DANAZOL; GLUCOSE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MESTEROLONE; NANDROLONE DECANOATE; NANDROLONE PHENPROPIONATE; TESTOSTERONE CIPIONATE; TESTOSTERONE ENANTATE; TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE; TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD SAMPLING; BODY BUILDING; BODY MASS; BRACHIAL ARTERY; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LABORATORY TEST; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; VASODILATATION;

EID: 29244477495     PISSN: 17351995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Wilson JD. Androgen abuse by athletes. Endocr Rev 1988; 9:181-99.
2. Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Gooch VM, Spiegelhalter DJ, Miller OI, Sullivan ID et al. Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet 1992; 340:1111-5.
3. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s. Nature 1993; 362:801-9.
4. Furchgott RF, Zawadzki JV. The obligatory role of the endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscles by acetylcholine. Nature 1980; 288:373-6.
5. Joannides R, Haefeli WE, Linder L, Richard V, Bakkali EH, Thuillez C et al. Nitric oxide is responsible for flow-dependent dilatation of human peripheral conduit arteries in vivo. Circulation 1995; 91:1314-9.
6. Palmer RM, Ferrige AG, Moncada S. Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. Nature 1987; 327:524-6.
7. Cox DA, Vita JA, Treasure CB. Atherosclerosis impairs flowmediated dilation of coronary arteries in humans. Circulation 1989; 80:458-65.
8. Drexler H, Zeiher AM, Wollschlager H, Meinertz T, Just H, Bonzel T. Flow-dependent coronary artery dilatation in humans. Circulation 1989; 80:466-74.
9. Nabel EG, Selwyn AP, Ganz P. Large coronary arteries in humans are responsive to changing blood flow: an endotheliumdependent. mechanism that fails in patients with atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 16:349-56.
10. Sorensen KE, Celermajer DS, Spiegelhalter DJ, Georgakopoulos D, Robinson J, Thomas O et al. Non-invasive measurement of human endothelium dependent arterial responses: accuracy and reproducibility. Br Heart J 1995;74:247-53.
11. Sorensen KE, Celermajer DS, Georgakopoulos D, Hatcher G Betteridge DJ, Deanfield JE. Impairment of endothelium-dependent dilation is an early event in children with familial hypercholesterinemia and is related to the lipoprotein (a) level. J Clin Invest 1994; 93:50-5.
12. Clarkson P, Celermajer DS, Powe AJ, Donald AE, Henry RM, Deanfield JE. Endothelium-dependent dilatation is impaired in young healthy subjects with a family history of premature coronary disease. Circulation 1997; 96:3378-83.
13. Neunteufl T, Katzenschlager R, Hassan A, Klaar U, Schwarzacher S, Glogar D et al. Systemic endothelial dysfunction is related to the extent and severity of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 1997; 129:111-8.
14. Celermajer DS, Sorensen K, Ryalls M, Robinson J, Thomas O, Leonard JV et al. Impaired endothelial function occurs in the systemic arteries of children with homozygous homocystinuria but not in their heterozygous parents. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 22:854-8.
15. Celermajer DS, Adams MR, Clarkson P, Robinson J, McCredie R, Donald A et al. Passive smoking and impaired endotheliumdependent arterial dilatation in healthy young adults. N Engl J Med 1996; 334:150-4.
16. Clarkson P, Celermajer DS, Donald AE, Sampson M, Sorensen KE, Adams M et al. Impaired vascular reactivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is related to disease duration and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 28:573-9.
17. Goodfellow J, Ramsey MW, Luddington LA. Endothelium and inelastic arteries: an early marker of vascular dysfunction in non-insulin dependent diabetes. Br Med J 1996; 312:744-5.
18. Lambert J, Aarsen M, Donker AJM, Stehouwer CDA. Endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation of large arteries in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16:705-11.
19. Lehmann ED, Riley WA, Clarkson P, Gosling RG. Non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Lancet 1997; 350:114-20.
20. Li J, Zhao SP, Li XP, Zhuo QC, Gao M, Lu SK. Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in patients with essential hypertension. Int J Cardiol 1997; 61:165-9.
21. Cockcroft A, Chowienczyk PJ, Benjamin N, Ritter JM. Preserved endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with essential hypertension. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1036-40.
22. Ebenbichler CF, Sturm W, Ganzer H, Bodner J, Mangweth B, Ritsch A et al. Flow mediated, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is impaired in male body builders taking anabolic-androgenicsteroids. Atherosclerosis 2001;158:483-90.
23. Sader MA, Griffits KA, Credie RJ, Handelsman DJ, Clemajer DS. Androgenic Anabolic Steroids and Arterial Structure and Function in Male Bodybuilders. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37:224-30.
24. Pohl U, Holtz J, Busse R, Bassenge E. Crucial role of endothelium in the vasodilator response to increased flow in-vivo. Hypertension 1986; 8:37-44.
25. Ludmer PL, Selwyn AP, Shook TL. Paradoxical vasoconstriction induced by acetylcholine in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. N Engl J Med 1986; 315:1046-51.
26. Yesalis CE, Kennedy NJ, Kopstein AN, Bahrke MS. Anabolicandrogenic steroid use in the United States. JAMA 1993; 270:1217-21.
27. Sullivan ML, Martinez CM, Gennis P, Gallagher EJ. The cardiac toxicity of anabolic steroids. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1998; 41:1-15.
28. Melchert RB, Welder AA. Cardiovascular effects of androgenicanabolic steroids. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27:1252-62.
29. Celermajer DS. Endothelial dysfunction: Does it matter? Is it reversible? J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 30:325-33.
30. McCredie RJ, McCrohon JA, Turner L, Griffiths KA, Handelsman DJ, Celermajer DS. Vascular reactivity is impaired in genetic females taking high -dose androgens. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 32:1331-5.
31. Herman MS, Robinson JTC, McCredie RJ, Adams MR, Boyer MJ, Celermajer DS. Androgen deprivation is associated with enhanced endothelium-dependent dilatation in adult men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17:2004-9.
32. Webb CM, McNeill JG, Hayward CS, de Zeigler D, Collins P. Effects of testosterone on coronary vasomotor regulation in men with coronary heart disease. Circulation 1999; 100:1690-6.
33. Yue P, Chatterjee K, Beale C, Poole Wilson PA, Collins P. Testosterone relaxes rabbit coronary arteries and aorta. Circulation 1995; 91:1154-60.
34. Chou TM, Sudhir K, Hutchison SJ, Ko E, Amidon TM, Collins P et al. Testosterone induces dilation of canine coronary conductance and resistance arteries in vivo. Circulation 1996 Nov 15;94(10):2614-9.