Effect of exercise intensity and repetition on heart rate variability during training in elite trotting horse

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 26, Issue 10, 2005, Pages 859-867

  Cottin, F ^a   Medigue C ^a,b   Lopes, P ^a   Petit, E ^a   Papelier, Y ^a,c   Billat, V L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ D EVRY VAL D ESSONNE   (France)

^b INRIA   (France)

^c UNIVERSITÉ PARIS SACLAY   (France)

Author keywords

Cardio respiratory interactions; Equine exercise response; Fast Fourier Transform; Interval training; Smoothed Pseudo Wigner Ville Distribution

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; EXERCISE; FOURIER TRANSFORMATION; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HORSE; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; NONHUMAN; RR INTERVAL; TRAINING; VELOCITY;

ANIMALS; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FOURIER ANALYSIS; HEART RATE; HORSES; PHYSICAL CONDITIONING, ANIMAL;

EID: 29144500503     PISSN: 01724622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-837462     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Akselrod S, Eliash S, Oz O, Cohen S. Hemodynamic regulation in SHR: investigation by spectral analysis. Am J Physiol 1987; 253: 176-183
2. Arai Y, Saul JP, Albrecht P, Hartley LH, Lilly LS, Cohen RJ, Colucci W. Modulation of cardiac autonomic activity during and immediately after exercise. Am J Physiol 1989; 256: 132-141
3. Art T, Desmecht D, Amory H, Lekeux P. Synchronization of locomotion and respiration in trotting ponies. J Vet Med 1990; 37: 95-103
4. Aubert AE, Seps B, Beckers F. Heart rate variability in athletes. Sports Med 2003; 33: 889-919
5. Barrey E. Modélisation de la dépense énergé tique du trotteur àl'entraînement et en course. EquAthlon 1993; 5: 16-19
6. Barrey E, Couroucé A, d'Orsetti H, Evans D, Roberts C, Rose JR. Couplage de la ventilation respiratoire avec la locomotion du cheval de course. EquAthlon 2000; 30: 32-35
7. Berger RD, Saul JP, Cohen RJ. Transfer function analysis of autonomic regulation. I. Canine atrial rate response. Am J Physiol 1989; 256: 142-152
8. Bernardi L, Salvucci F, Suardi R, Solda PL, Calciati A, Perlini S, Falcone C, Ricciardi L. Evidence for an intrinsic mechanism regulating heart rate variability in transplanted and the intact heart during submaximal dynamic exercise. Cardiovasc Res 1990; 24: 969-981
9. Bernardi L, Keller F, Sanders M, Reddy PS, Griffith B, Meno F, Pinsky MR. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in the denervated heart. J Appl Physiol 1989; 67: 1447-1455
10. Casadei B, Moon J, Johnston J, Caiazza A, Sleight P. Is respiratory sinus arrhythmia a good index of cardiac vagal tone in exercise? J Appl Physiol 1996; 81: 556-564
11. Casadei B, Cochrane S, Johnston J, Conway J, Sleight P. Pitfalls in the interpretation of spectral analysis of heart rate variability during exercise in humans. Acta Physiol Scand 1995; 153: 125-131
12. Clément F, Barrey E. Heart rate fluctuations in the horse at rest: (1) Investigation of heart rate changes by spectral analysis. C R Acad Sci III 1995; 318: 859-865
13. Cottin F, Médigue C, Leprêtre PM, Papelier Y, Koralsztein JP, Billat VL. Heart rate variability during exercise performed below and above ventilatory threshold. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004; 36: 594-600
14. Cottin F, Durbin F, Papelier Y. Heart rate variability during cycloergometric exercise or judo wrestling eliciting the same heart rate level. Eur J Appl Physiol 2004; 91: 177-184
15. Cottin F, Papelier Y, Escourrou P. Effects of exercise load and breathing frequency on heart rate and blood pressure variability during dynamic exercise. Int J Sports Med 1999; 20: 1-7
16. Eckberg DL. Sympatho-vagal balance: a critical appraisal. Circulation 1997; 96: 3224-3232
17. Gottlieb M, Essén-Gustavsson B, Lindholm A, Persson GB. Circulatory and muscle metabolic responses to draught work compared to increasing trotting velocities. Equine Vet J 1988; 20: 430-434
18. Harris FJ. On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with the discrete Fourier Transform. Proc IEEE 1978; 66: 51-83
19. Hirsch JA, Bishop B. Respiratory sinus arrythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate. Am J Physiol 1981; 241: 620-629
20. Hörnicke H, Meisner R, Pollmam U. Respiration in exercising horses. In: Snow DH, Persson SGB, Rose RJ (eds). Equine Exercise Physiology. Cambridge: Granta Editions, 1987: 7-12
21. Japundzic N, Grichois ML, Zitoun P, Laude D, Elghozi JL. Spectral analysis of blood pressure and heart rate in conscious rats: effects of autonomic blockers. J Auton Nerv Sys 1990; 30: 91-100
22. Johnston C, Gottlieb-Vedi M, Drevemo S, Roepstorff L. The kinematics of loading and fatigue in the standardbred trotter. Equine Vet J Suppl 1999; 30: 249-253
23. Kohl P, Hunter P, Noble D. Stretch-induced changes in heart rate and rhythm: clinical observations, experiments, and mathematical models. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 1999; 71: 91-138
24. Kohl P, Kamkin AG, Kiseleva S, Streubel T. Mechanosensitive cells in the atrium of frog heart. Exp Physiol 1992; 77: 213-216
25. Kuwahara M, Hiraga A, Kai M, Tsubone H, Sugano S. Influence of training on autonomic nervous function in horses: evaluation by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Equine Vet J 1999; 30 (Suppl): 178-180
26. Kuwahara M, Hashimoto S, Ishii K, Yagi Y, Hada T, Hiraga A, Kai M, Kubo K, Oki H, Tsubone H, Sugano S. Assessement of autonomic nervous function by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in the horse. J Auton Nerv Sys 1996; 60: 43-48
27. Leach DH, Cymbaluk NE. Relationship between stride length, stride frequency, velocity and morphometrics of foals. Am J Vet Res 1986; 47: 2090-2097
28. Leach DH, Springings EJ. Gait fatigue in the racing Thoroughbred. J Equine Med Surg 1979; 3: 436-443
29. Lombardi F, Montano N, Finocchiaro ML, Ruscone TG, Baselli G, Cerutti S, Malliani A. Spectral analysis of sympathetic discharge in decerebrate cats. J Auton Nerv Sys 1990; 30: 97-100
30. Mc Donough P, Kindig CA, Erickson HH, Poole DC. Mechanistic basis for the gas exchange threshold in thoroughbred horses. J Appl Physiol 2001; 92: 1499-1505
31. Macor F, Fagard R, Amery A. Power spectral analysis of RR interval and blood pressure short-term variability at rest and during dynamic exercise: comparison between cyclists and controls. Int J Sports Med 1996; 17: 175-181
32. Monti A, Médigue C, Mangin L. Instantaneous parameter estimation in cardiovascular time series by harmonic and time-frequency analysis. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2002; 49: 1547-1556
33. Padilla DJ, McDonough P, Kindig CA, Erickson HH, Poole DC. Ventilatory dynamics and control of blood gases following maximal exercise in the thoroughbred horse. J Appl Physiol 2004; 96: 2187-2193
34. Pagani M, Lombardi F, Guzzetti S, Rimoldi O, Furlan R, Pizzinelli P, Sandrone G, Malfatto G, Dell'orto S, Piccaluga E, Turiel M, Baselli G, Cerutti S, Malliani A. Power spectral analysis of heart rate and arterial pressure variabilities as a marker of sympatho-vagal interaction in man and conscious dog. Circ Res 1986; 59: 178-193
35. Pelletier N, Leith DE. Ventilation and carbon dioxide exchange in exercising horses: effect of inspired oxygen fraction. J Appl Physiol 1995; 78: 654-662
36. Persson SGB. Evaluation of exercise tolerance and fitness in the performance horse. In: Snow DH, Persson SGB, Rose RJ (eds). Equine Exercise Physiology. Cambridge: Granta Publications, 1983: 441-457
37. Physick-Sheard PW, Marlin DJ, Thornill R, Schroter RC. Frequency domain analysis of heart rate variability in horses at rest and during exercise. Equine vet J 2000; 32: 253-262
38. Pola S, Macerata A, Emdin M, Marchesi C. Estimation of the power spectral density in non-stationary cardiovascular time series: assessing the role of the time-frequency representations (TFR). IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1996; 43: 46-57
39. Rowell LB. Human Cardiovascular Control. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993: 42-43
40. Task force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Heart rate variability. Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation 1996; 93: 1043-1065
41. Thayer JF, Hahn AW, Pearson MA, Sollers JJ 3rd, Johnson PJ, Loch WE. Heart rate variability during exercise in the horse. Biomed Sci Instrum 1997; 34: 246-251
42. Toska K, Eriksen M. Respiration-synchronous fluctuations in stroke volume, heart rate and arterial pressure in humans. J Physiol 1993; 472: 501-512
43. Valette JP, Barrey E, Garbasi C, Wolter R. Estimation du seuil anaérobie chez le poney. Ann Zootech 1989; 38: 229-236
44. Visser EK, van Reenen CG, van der Werf JT, Schilder MB, Knaap JH, Barneveld A, Blokhuis HJ. Heart rate and heart rate variability during a novel object test and a handling test in young horses. Physiol Behav 2002; 76: 289-296
45. Voss B, Mohr E, Krzywanek H. Effects of aqua-treadmill exercise on selected blood parameters and on heart-rate variability of horses. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med 2002; 49: 137-143