Redox stratification and anoxia of the early Precambrian oceans: Implications for carbon isotope excursions and oxidation events

Precambrian Research

Volumn 137, Issue 3-4, 2005, Pages 207-222

  Aharon, Paul ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA   (United States)

Author keywords

Anoxia; Carbon isotopes; Precambrian oceans; Redox stratification

Indexed keywords

CARBON ISOTOPE; PALEOCEANOGRAPHY; PRECAMBRIAN; REDOX CONDITIONS; STRATIFICATION;

EID: 28844504460     PISSN: 03019268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2005.03.008     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. P. Aharon, and T.C. Liew An assessment of the Precambrian/Cambrian transition events on the basis of carbon isotope records M. Schildowski Early Organic Evolution: Implications for Mineral and Energy Resources 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin 212 223
2. G.L. Arnold, A.D. Anbar, J. Barling, and T.W. Lyons Molybdenum isotope evidence for widespread anoxia in mid-Proterozoic oceans Science 304 2004 87 90
3. 13C- enrichment in modern marine organic matter Nature 315 1985 216 218
4. 2: Natural Variations Archean to Present. Geophys. Mon. 32, Am. Geophys. Union, Washington DC, pp. 504-529.
5. S.M. Awramik Precambrian columnar stromatolite diversity: reflection of metazoan appearance Science 174 1971 825 827
6. A.J. Baker, and A.E. Fallick Evidence from Lewisian limestones for isotopically heavy carbon in two thousand million year old sea water Nature 337 1989 352 354
7. A.J. Baker, and A.E. Fallick Heavy carbon in two-billion-year-old marbles from Lofoten-Vesterålen, Norway: implications for the Precambrian carbon cycle Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53 1989 1111 1115
8. J.K. Bartley, and L.C. Kah Marine carbon reservoir, Corg-Ccarb coupling, and the evolution of the Proterozoic carbon cycle Geology 32 2004 129 132
9. M. Bau, R.L. Romer, V. Lüders, and N.J. Beukes Pb, O, and C isotopes in silicified Moodraai dolomite (Transvaal Supergroup South Africa): implications for the composition of Paleoproterozoic seawater and 'dating' the increase of oxygen in the Precambrian atmosphere Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 174 1999 43 57
10. A. Bekker, A.J. Kaufman, J.A. Karhu, N.J. Beukes, Q.D. Swart, L.L. Coetzee, and K.A. Eriksson Chemostratigraphy of the Paleoproterozoic Duitschland Formation, South Africa: implications for coupled climate change and carbon cycling Am. J. Sci. 301 2001 261 285
11. A. Bekker, J.A. Karhu, K.A. Eriksson, and A.J. Kaufman Chemostratigraphy of Paleoproterozoic carbonate successions of the Wyoming Craton: tectonic forcing of biogeochemical change? Precambrian Res. 120 2003 279 325
12. A. Bekker, H.D. Holland, G.M. Young, and H.W. Nesbitt The fate of oxygen during the early Paleoproterozoic carbon isotope excursion NASA Astrobiology Institute General Meeting 2003 167 168
13. 3/FeO ratio in average shale through time: a reflection of the stepwise oxidation of the atmosphere? Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Progr. 35 2003 83
14. A. Bekker, H.D. Holland, P.-L. Wang, D. Rumble III, H.J. Stein, J.L. Hannah, L.L. Coetzee, and N.J. Beukes Dating the rise of atmospheric oxygen Nature 427 2004 117 120
15. W.S. Broecker A boundary condition on the evolution of atmospheric oxygen J. Geophys. Res. 75 1970 3553 3557
16. W.S. Broecker Ocean chemistry during glacial time Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46 1982 1689 1705
17. 13C Paleoproterozoic carbonates from the Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa Geology 26 1998 875 878
18. S.E. Calvert, R.E. Karlin, L.J. Toolin, D.J. Donahue, J.R. Southon, and J.S. Vogel Low organic carbon accumulation rates in Black Sea sediments Nature 350 1991 692 695
19. D.E. Canfield A new model for Proterozoic ocean chemistry Nature 396 1998 450 453
20. D.C. Catling, K.J. Zahnle, and C.P. McKay Biogenic methane, hydrogen escape, and the irreversible oxidation of the early Earth Science 293 2001 839 843
21. W.M. Chamberlain, and G. Marland Precambrian evolution in a stratified global sea Nature 265 1977 135 136
22. E.T. Degens, and P. Stoffers Stratified waters as a key to the past Nature 263 1976 22 27
23. L.A. Derry, A.J. Kaufman, and S.B. Jacobsen Sedimentary cycling and environmental change in the Late Proterozoic: evidence from stable and radiogenic isotopes Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56 1992 1317 1329
24. D.J. Des Marais, H. Srauss, R. Summons, and J.M. Hayes Carbon isotope evidence for the stepwise oxidation of the Proterozoic environment Nature 359 1992 605 609
25. S. D'Hondt, S. Rutherford, and A.J. Spivak Metabolic activity of subsurface life in deep-sea sediments Science 295 2002 2067 2070
26. J. Farquhar, and B.A. Wing Multiple sulfur isotopes and the evolution of the atmosphere Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 213 2003 1 13
27. E.M. Galimov, N.G. Kuznetsova, and V.S. Prokhorov On the problem of the Earth's ancient atmosphere composition in connection with results of isotope analysis of carbon from the Precambrian carbonates Geochemistry 11 1968 1376 1381 (in Russian)
28. E.M. Galimov, A.A. Migdisov, and A.B. Ronov Variation in the isotopic composition of carbonate and organic carbon in sedimentary rocks during Earth's history Geochem. Int. 12 1975 1 19
29. Golubic, S., Seong-Joo, L., Browne, K.M., 2000. Cyanobacteria: architects of sedimentary structures. In: Riding, R.E., Awramik, S.M. (Eds.), Microbial Sediments. Springer, Berlin, pp. 57-67.
30. Grotzinger, J.P., 1989. Facies and evolution of Precambrian carbonate depositional systems: emergence of the modern platform archetype. In: Crevello, P.D., Wilson, J.L., Sarg, J.F., Read, J.F. (Eds.), Controls on Carbonate Platform and Basin Development. SEPM Spec. Publ. 44, SEPM, Tulsa, OK, pp. 79-106.
31. J.P. Grotzinger, and J.F. Kasting New constraints on Precambrian ocean composition J. Geol. 101 1993 235 243
32. J.L. Hannah, A. Bekker, H.J. Stein, R.J. Markey, and H.H. Holland Primitive Os and 2316 Ma age for marine shale: implications for Paleoproterozoic glacial events and the rise of atmospheric oxygen Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 225 2004 43 52
33. Hayes, J. M., 1994. Global methanotrophy at the Archean-Proterozoic transition. In: Bengtson, S. (Ed.), Early Life on Earth, Nobel Symposium No. 84. Columbia U.P., New York, pp. 220-236.
34. 13C in marine organic matter and isotopic fractionation in the global biogeochemical cycle of carbon during the past 800 Ma Chem. Geol. 161 1999 103 125
35. P. Hirsch Microbial mats in a hypersaline Solar Lake: Types, composition and distribution W.E. Krumbein Environmental Biogeochemistry and Geomicrobiology, the Aquatic Environment 1 1978 Ann Arbor Science Michigan 189 201
36. P.F. Hoffman, A.J. Kaufman, G.P. Halverson, and D.P. Schrag A Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth Science 281 1998 1342 1346
37. P.F. Hoffman, and D.P. Schrag The Snowball Earth hypothesis: testing the limits of global change Terra Nova 14 2002 129 155
38. H.D. Holland Volcanic gases, black smokers, and the Great Oxidation Event Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66 2002 3811 3826
39. H.D. Holland, and N.J. Beukes A paleoweathering profile from Griqualand West, South Africa: evidence for a dramatic rise in atmospheric oxygen between 2.2 and 1.9 bybp Am. J. Sci. 290 1990 1 34
40. W.T. Holser Catastrophic chemical events in the history of the ocean Nature 276 1977 403 408
41. R.M. Hotinski, K.L. Bice, L.R. Kump, R.G. Najjar, and M.A. Arthur Ocean stagnation and end-Permian anoxia Geology 29 2001 7 10
42. D.L. Huston, and G.A. Logan Barite, BIFs and bugs: evidence for the evolution of the Earth's early atmosphere Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 220 2004 41 55
43. Y. Isozaki Permo-Triassic boundary superanoxia and stratified superocean: records from lost deep-sea Science 276 1997 235 238
44. J.A. Karhu, and H.D. Holland Carbon isotopes and the rise of atmospheric oxygen Geology 24 1996 867 870
45. J.F. Kasting Theoretical constraints on oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the Precambrian atmosphere Precambrian Res. 34 1987 205 229
46. A.J. Kaufman, and A.H. Knoll Neoproterozoic variations in the C-isotopic composition of seawater: stratigraphic and biogeochemical implications Precambrian Res. 73 1995 27 49
47. A.J. Kaufman, and A.H. Knoll Narbonne, G. M. Isotopes, ice ages, and terminal Proterozoic earth history Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 1997 6600 6605
48. M.L. Keith Violent volcanism, stagnant oceans and some inferences regarding petroleum, strata-bound ores and mass extinctions Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46 1982 2621 2637
49. 13C record, north Iran: evidence for overturning of the ocean before the Cambrian explosion Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 147 1997 E1 E7
50. H. Kimura, and Y. Watanabe Ocean anoxia at the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary Geology 29 2001 995 998
51. J.L. Kirschvink Late Proterozoic low-latitude global glaciation: the snowball earth J.W. Schopf C. Klein The Proterozoic Biosphere 1992 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 51 52
52. J.L. Kirschvink, E.J. Gaidos, L.E. Bertani, N.J. Beukes, J. Gutzmer, L.N. Maepa, and R.E. Steinberger Paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth: extreme climatic and geochemical global change and its biological consequences Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 2000 1400 1405
53. A.H. Knoll, J.M. Hayes, A.J. Kaufman, K. Swett, and I.B. Lambert Secular variation in carbon isotope ratios from upper Proterozoic successions of Svalbard and East Greenland Nature 321 1986 832 838
54. A.H. Knoll, R.K. Bambach, D.E. Canfield, and J.P. Grotzinger Comparative Earth history and late Permian mass extinction Science 273 1996 452 457
55. L.R. Kump Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: Strangelove oceans Geology 19 1991 299 302
56. L.R. Kump, and M.A. Arthur Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: carbonates and organic matter Chem. Geol. 161 1999 181 198
57. J.F. Lindsay, and M.D. Brasier Did global tectonics drive early biosphere evolution? Carbon isotope record from 2.6 to 1.9 Ga carbonates of Western Australian basins Precambrian Res. 114 2002 1 34
58. V.A. Melezhik, A.E. Fallick, M.M. Filippov, and O. Larsen Karelian shungite - an indication of 2.0-Ga-old metamorphosed oil-shale and generation of petroleum: geology, lithology and geochemistry Earth Sci. Rev. 47 1999 1 40
59. carb enrichment in ca. 2.0 Ga magnesite-stromatolite-dolomite-"red beds" association in a global context: a case for the world-wide signal enhanced by a local environment Earth Sci. Rev. 48 1999 71 120
60. W. Oschmann Microbes and black shales R.E. Riding S.M. Awramik Microbial Sediments 2000 Springer Berlin 137 148
61. W.B. Ryan, and M.B. Cita Ignorance concerning episodes of oceanwide stagnation Mar. Geol. 23 1977 197 215
62. R. Rye, and H.D. Holland Paleosols and the evolution of atmospheric oxygen: a critical review Am. J. Sci. 298 1998 621 672
63. S. Sarangi, K. Gopalan, and S. Kumar Pb-Pb age of earliest megascopic, eukaryotic alga bearing Rohtas formation, Vindhyan Supergroup, India: implications for Precambrian atmospheric oxygen evolution Precambrian Res. 132 2004 107 121
64. J.L. Sarmiento, and T.D. Herbert Causes of anoxia in the world ocean Global Biochem. Cycles 2 1988 115 128
65. M. Schidlowski A 3800-million-year isotopic record of life from carbon in sedimentary rocks Nature 333 1988 313 318
66. M. Schidlowski, and P. Aharon Carbon cycle and carbon isotope record: geochemical impact of life over 3.8 Ga of Earth history M. Schildowski Early Organic Evolution: Implications for Mineral and Energy Resources 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin 147 175
67. M. Schidlowski, and R. Eichmann Evolution of the terrestrial oxygen budget Chemical Evolution of the Early Precambrian 1977 Academic Press New York pp. 87-99
68. M. Schidlowski, R. Eichmann, and C.E. Junge Precambrian sedimantary carbonates: carbon and oxygen isotope geochemistry and implications for the terrestrial oxygen budget Precambrian Res. 2 1975 1 69
69. M. Schidlowski, R. Eichmann, and C.E. Junge Carbon isotope geochemistry of the Precambrian Lomagundi carbonate province, Rhodesia Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 40 1976 449 455
70. M.A. Semikhatov, and M.E. Raaben Proterozoic stromatolite taxonomy and biostratigraphy R.E. Riding S.M. Awramik Microbial Sediments 2000 Springer Berlin 295 306
71. Y. Shen, A.H. Knoll, and M.R. Walter Evidence for low sulphate and anoxia in a mid-Proterozoic marine basin Nature 423 2003 632 635
72. S.V. Smith Marine macrophytes as a global carbon sink Science 211 1981 838 840
73. H. Strauss, and N.J. Beukes Carbon and sulfur isotopic compositions of organic carbon and pyrite in sediments from the Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa Precambrian Res. 79 1996 57 71
74. H. Strauss, D.H. Des Marais, J.M. Hayes, and R.E. Summons Proterozoic organic carbon-its preservation and isotopic record. M. Schildowski Early Organic Evolution: Implications for Mineral and Energy Resources. 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin 203 211
75. P. Van Cappellen, and E.D. Ingall Redox stabilization of the atmosphere and oceans by phosphorous-limited marine productivity Science 271 1996 493 496
76. J. Veizer Trace elements and isotopes in sedimentary carbonates Rev. Mineral. 11 1983 265 300
77. C.W. Wheeler, P. Aharon, and R.E. Ferrell Successions of late Cenozoic platform dolomites distinguished by texture, geochemistry, and crystal chemistry: Niue, South Pacific J. Sed. Res. 69 1999 239 255
78. J. Wright REE in fossil apatite record Phanerozoic OAE 28th Int Geol. Congr. Abstr. 3 1989 383 384