Surrogates for resilience of social-ecological systems

Ecosystems

Volumn 8, Issue 8, 2005, Pages 941-944

  Carpenter, Stephen R ^a   Westley, Frances ^a   Turner, Monica G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE;

EID: 28844468059     PISSN: 14329840     EISSN: 14350629     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10021-005-0170-y     Document Type: Review

References (12)

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3. Carpenter SR, Walker BH, Anderies JM, Abel N. 2001. From metaphor to measurement: resilience of what to what? Ecosystems 4:765-81.
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8. Holling CS. 2001. Understanding the complexity of economic, ecological and social systems. Ecosystems 4:390-405.
9. National Research Council. 2000. Ecological indicators for the nation. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
10. Pickett STA. 1989. Space-for-time substitution as an alternative to long-term studies. In: Likens GE, Ed. Long-term studies in ecology. Berlin, Heidelberg, New york: Springer. p 110-35.
11. Scheffer M, Westley F, Brock W. 2003. Slow response of societies to new problems: Causes and costs. Ecosystems 6:493-502.
12. Turner MG, Dale VH. 1998. Comparing large, infrequent disturbances: what have we learned? Ecosystems 1:493-6.