Problems with Paleocene palynozones in the rockies: Hell's half acre revisited

Journal of Mammalian Evolution

Volumn 12, Issue 1-2 SPEC. ISS., 2005, Pages 23-51

  McKenna, Malcolm C ^a   Lillegraven, Jason A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

Author keywords

Biostratigraphy; Correlation; Cretaceous; Eocene; Fort Union Formation; Paleocene; Palynology; Rocky Mountains; Wyoming

Indexed keywords

EID: 28844432062     PISSN: 10647554     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10914-005-4864-x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (69)

1. Alvarez, W. (1991). The gentle art of scientific trespassing. GSA Today 1: 29-31, 34.
2. Anderson, R. Y. (1960). Cretaceous-Tertiary palynology, eastern side of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. New Mexico State Bur. Mines Min. Res. Mem. 6: 1-58.
3. Anonymous (1954). Frontispiece. In: Wyoming Geology Association Guidebook, Ninth Annual Field Conference, Casper Area, Wyoming.
4. Archibald, J. D., Clemens, W. A., Gingerich, P. D., Krause, D. W., Lindsay, E. H., and Rose, K. D. (1987). First North American land mammal ages of the Cenozoic era. In: Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Geochronology and Biostratigraphy, M. O. Woodburne, ed., pp. 24-76, University of California Press, Berkeley.
5. Arkell, W. J. (1933). The Jurassic System in Great Britain, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
6. Demchuk, T. D. (1990). Palynostratigraphic zonation of Paleocene strata in the central and south-central Alberta plains. Can. J. Earth Sci. 27: 1263-1269.
7. Demchuk, T. D., and Singh, C. (1987). Palynostratigraphy of the Paleocene strata of west-central and southern Alberta. Geol. Soc. Am., Rocky Mtn. Sect., Abstracts Programs, 19(5): 270.
8. Dunn, R. E. (2003). Correlation of leaf megafossil and palynological data with North American land mammal ages from Paleocene-aged strata of the Ferris and Hanna Formations, Hanna Basin, south-central, Wyoming, Unpublished master's thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie.
9. Elsik, W. C. (1968). Palynology of a Paleocene Rockdale lignite, Milam County, Texas. II. Morphology and taxonomy. Pollen Spores 10: 599-664.
10. Flemings, P. B. (1987). The paleogeography of the Maastrichtian and Paleocene Wind River Basin: Interpreting Rocky Mountain foreland deformation, Unpublished master's thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca.
11. Flemings, P. B., and Nelson, S. N. (1991). Paleogeographic evolution of the latest Cretaceous and Paleocene Wind River Basin. Mountain Geol. 28(2/3): 37-52.
12. Flynn, J. J., MacFadden, B. J., and McKenna, M. C. (1984). Land-mammal ages, faunal heterochrony, and temporal resolution in Cenozoic terrestrial sequences. J. Geol. 92: 687-705.
13. Gazin, C. L. (1961). Occurrences of Paleocene Mammalia in Tertiary basins of Wyoming. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Late Cretaceous Rocks: Wyoming and Adjacent Areas, Wyoming Geol. Assoc., 16th Ann. Field Conf., Guidebook, G. J. Wilroth, ed., pp. 47-52.
14. Gazin, C. L. (1971). Paleocene primates from the Shotgun Member of the Fort Union Formation in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 84(3): 13-38.
15. Hettinger, R. D., Honey, J. G., and Nichols, D. J. (1991). Chart showing correlations of Upper Cretaceous Fox Hills Sandstone and Lance Formation, and Lower Tertiary Fort Union, Wasatch, and Green River Formations, from the eastern flank of the Washakie Basin to the southeastern part of the Great Divide Basin, Wyoming. U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Investig. Ser. Map I-2151.
16. Hickling, N. L., Warlow, R. C., and Windolf, J. F., Jr. (1989). Geology of the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary coal-bearing rocks in the western part of the Wind River Basin, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Bull. 1813: 1-128.
17. Higgins, P. (2003). A Wyoming succession of Paleocene mammal-bearing localities bracketing the boundary between the Torrejonian and Tiffanian North American Land Mammal "Ages." Rocky Mountain Geol. 38: 247-280.
18. Hogle, D. G., and Jones, R. W. (1991). Subsurface geology of Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary coal-bearing rocks, Wind River Basin, Wyoming. Mountain Geol. 28(2/3): 13-35.
19. Hotton, C. L. (1988). Palynology of the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in central Montana, U.S.A., and its implications for extraterrestrial impact, Unpublished PhD thesis, University of California, Davis.
20. Keefer, W. R. (1961). Waltman Shale and Shotgun Members of Fort Union Formation (Paleocene) in Wind River Basin, Wyoming. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 45: 1310-1323.
21. Keefer, W. R. (1965a). Geologic history of Wind River Basin, central Wyoming. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 49: 1878-1892.
22. Keefer, W. R. (1965b). Stratigraphy and geologic history of the uppermost Cretaceous, Paleocene, and lower Eocene rocks in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 495-A: 1-77.
23. Keefer, W. R. (1969). General stratigraphy and depositional history of the Fort Union, Indian Meadows, and Wind River Formations, Wind River Basin, Wyoming. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Tertiary Rocks of Wyoming, Wyoming Geol. Assoc., 21st Ann. Field Conf., Guidebook, J. A. Barlow, Jr., ed., pp. 19-28.
24. Keefer, W. R. (1970). Structural geology of the Wind River Basin, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 495-D: 1-35.
25. Keefer, W. R., and Troyer, M. L. (1956). Stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary rocks of the Shotgun Butte area, Fremont County, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Oil Gas Invest. Chart OC-56.
26. Keefer, W. R., and Troyer, M. L. (1964). Geology of the Shotgun Butte area, Fremont County, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Bull. 1157: 1-123.
27. Kirschbaum, M. A., and Nelson, S. N. (1988). Geologic history and palynologic dating of Paleocene deposits, western Rock Springs uplift, Sweetwater County, Wyoming. Contribs Geol., Univ. Wyoming 26: 21-28.
28. Krishtalka, L., Black, C. C., and Riedel, D. W. (1975). Paleontology and geology of the Badwater Creek area, Central Wyoming. Part 10. A late Paleocene mammal fauna from the Shotgun Member of the Fort Union Formation. Carnegie Mus. Ann. 45: 179-212.
29. Leffingwell, H. A. (1970). Palynology of the Lance (Late Cretaceous) and Fort Union (Paleocene) Formations of the type Lance area, Wyoming. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Palynology of the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary, R. M. Kosanke and A. T. Cross, eds., pp. 1-64, Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Paper 127.
30. Leopold, E. B., and MacGinitie, H. D. (1972). Development and affinities of Tertiary floras in the Rocky Mountains. In: Floristics and Paleofloristics of Asia and Eastern North America, A. Graham, ed., pp. 147-200, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
31. Lerbekmo, J. F., Sweet, A. R., and Braman, D. R. (1995). Magnetobiostratigraphy of the late Maastrichtian to early Paleocene strata of the Hand Hills, south central Alberta, Canada. Bull. Can. Petrol. Geol. 43: 35-43.
32. Lerbekmo, J. F., Sweet, A. R., and St. Louis, R. M. (1987). The relationship between the iridium anomaly and palynological floral events at three Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary localities in western Canada. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 99: 325-330.
33. Lillegraven, J. A. (2004). Revisions to Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy near Hell's Half Acre, eastern Wind River Basin, central Wyoming. In: Fanfare for an Uncommon Paleontologist: Papers on Vertebrate Evolution in Honor of Malcolm C. McKenna, M. R. Dawson and J. A. Lillegraven, eds., pp. 137-158, Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist. Bull. no. 36.
34. Lillegraven, J. A., Snoke, A. W., and McKenna, M. C. (2004). Tectonic and paleogeographic implications of late Laramide geologic history in the northeastern corner of Wyoming's Hanna Basin. Rocky Mountain Geol. 39: 7-63.
35. Lofgren, D. L., Lillegraven, J. A., Clemens, W. A., Gingerich, P. D., and Williamson, T. E. (2004). Paleocene biochronology: The Puercan through Clarkforkian land mammal ages. In: Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic Mammals of North America: Biostratigraphy and Geochronology, M. O. Woodburne, ed., pp. 43-104, Columbia University Press, New York.
36. Love, J. D. (1970). Cenozoic geology of the Granite Mountains area, central Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 495-C: 1-154.
37. MacIntyre, G. T. (1966). The Miacidae (Mammalia, Carnivora). Part I. The systematics of Ictidopappus and Protictis. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. Bull. 131: 115-210.
38. Maddison, D. R., and Maddison, W. P. (2000). MacClade 4: Analysis of Phylogeny and Character Evolution, Version 4.0, Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
39. McKenna, M. C., and Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, Columbia University Press, New York.
40. Middleton, G. V. (1973). Johannes Walther's Law of the Correlation of Facies. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 84: 979-988.
41. NACSN (North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature) (2001). [Suggested updatings for the North American stratigraphic code]. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 85: 366-375.
42. Nichols, D. J. (1994). A revised palynostratigraphic zonation of the nonmarine Upper Cretaceous, Rocky Mountain region, United States. In: Mesozoic Systems of the Rocky Mountain Region, USA, M. V. Caputo, J. A. Peterson, and K. J. Franczyk, eds., pp. 503-521, Rocky Mountain Sect. SEPM (Soc. Sed. Geol.), Denver.
43. Nichols, D. J. (1996). Palynological zonation of the Paleocene of Rocky Mountain intermontane basins. Geol. Soc. Am. Abstr. Prog. 28(7): A-372.
44. Nichols, D. J. (1999). Stratigraphic palynology of the Fort Union Formation (Paleocene) in the Powder River Basin, Montana and Wyoming - A guide to correlation of methane-producing coal zones. In: Coalbed Methane and the Tertiary Geology of the Powder River Basin Wyoming and Montana, W. R. Miller, ed., pp. 25-41, Wyoming Geological Association Fiftieth Field Conference Guidebook.
45. Nichols, D. J. (2003). Palynostratigraphic framework for age determination and correlation of the nonmarine lower Cenozoic of the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains region. In: Cenozoic Systems of the Rocky Mountain Region, R. G. Raynolds and R. M. Flores, eds., pp. 107-134, Soc. Sed. Geol. (SEPM), Rocky Mountain Sect., Denver.
46. Nichols, D. J., and Brown, J. L. (1992). Palynostratigraphy of the Tullock Member (lower Paleocene) of the Fort Union Formation in the Powder River Basin, Montana and Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Bull. 1917-F: 1-35.
47. Nichols, D. J., and Fleming, R. F. (2002). Palynology and palynostratigraphy of Maastrichtian, Paleocene, and Eocene strata in the Denver Basin, Colorado. Rocky Mountain Geol. 37: 135-163.
48. Nichols, D. J., Fleming, R. F., and Frederiksen, N. O. (1990). Palynological evidence of effects of the terminal Cretaceous event on terrestrial floras in western North America. In: Extinction Events in Earth History, E. G. Kauffman, and O. H. Walliser, eds., pp. 351-364, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, Vol. 30.
49. Nichols, D. J., and Flores, R. M. (1993). Palynostratigraphic correlation of the Fort Union Formation (Paleocene) in the Wind River Reservation and Waltman area, Wind River Basin, Wyoming. In: Oil and Gas and Other Resources of the Wind River Basin, Wyoming, W. R. Keefer, W. J. Metzger, and L. H. Godwin, eds., pp. 175-189, Wyoming Geol. Assoc. Spec. Symp., Casper.
50. Nichols, D. J., and Ott, H. L. (1978). Biostratigraphy and evolution of the Momipites-Caryapollenites lineage in the early Tertiary in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming. Palynology. 2: 93-112.
51. Norton, N. J., and Hall, J. W. (1967). Guide sporomorphae in the Upper Cretaceous - lower Tertiary of eastern Montana (U.S.A.). Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 2: 99-110.
52. Ott, H. L. (1964). Palynological zonation of the Paleocene of central Wyoming (revised). In: Chart in unpublished report, Chevron U.S.A., Inc., Denver (full report cited by Flemings and Nelson, 1991).
53. Paape, D. W. (1961). Tectonics and its influence on Late Cretaceous and Tertiary sedimentation, Wind River Basin, Wyoming. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Late Cretaceous Rocks: Wyoming and Adjacent Areas, G. J. Wilroth, ed., pp. 187-194, Wyoming Geol. Assoc., 16th Ann. Field Conf., Guidebook.
54. Pocknall, D. T. (1987). Palynomorph biozones for the Fort Union and Wasatch Formations (Upper Paleocene-Lower Eocene), Powder River Basin, Wyoming and Montana, USA. Palynology 11: 23-35.
55. Pocknall, D. T., and Nichols, D. J. (1996). Palynology of coal zones of the Tongue River Member (upper Paleocene) of the Fort Union Formation, Powder River Basin, Montana and Wyoming. Am. Assoc. Stratig. Palynol. Found. Contrib. Ser. 32: 1-57.
56. Powell, A. W., and Schumann, T. G. (1969). First day of field conference. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Tertiary Rocks of Wyoming, J. A. Barlow, Jr., ed., pp. 211-219, Wyoming Geol. Assoc., 21st Ann. Field Conf., Guidebook.
57. Rich, E. I. (1962). Reconnaissance geology of Hiland-Clarkson Hill area, Natrona County, Wyoming. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1107-G: 447-540.
58. Rose, K. D. (1981). The Clarkforkian Land-Mammal Age and mammalian faunal composition across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. Univ. Mich. Papers Paleontol., Ann Arbor. 26: 1-197.
59. Simpson, G. G. (1937). The Fort Union of the Crazy Mountain Field, Montana, and its mammalian faunas. Smithsonian Inst., US Nation. Mus. Bull. 169: 1-287.
60. Simpson, G. G. (1941). Range as a zoological character. Am. J. Sci. 239: 785-804.
61. Simpson, G. G. (1943). Criteria for genera, species, and subspecies in zoology and paleozoology. NY Acad. Sci. Ann. 46: 145-178.
62. Simpson, G. G., and Roe, A. (1939). Quantitative Zoology. Numerical Concepts and Methods in the Study of Recent and Fossil Animals, McGraw-Hill, New York.
63. Swofford, D. L. (2000). PAUP. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods), Version 4, Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
64. Tourtelot, H. A. (1953). Geology of the Badwater area, central Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Oil Gas Invest. Map OM-124.
65. Tschudy, R. H. (1961). Palynomorphs as indicators of facies environments in Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary strata, Colorado and Wyoming. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Late Cretaceous Rocks: Wyoming and Adjacent Areas, G. J. Wilroth, ed., pp. 53-59, Wyoming Geol. Assoc., 16th Ann. Field Conf., Guidebook.
66. Whitehead, D. R. (1963). Pollen morphology in the Juglandaceae, I: Pollen size and pore number variation. J. Arnold Arb. 44: 101-110.
67. Whitehead, D. R. (1965). Pollen morphology in the Juglandaceae, II: Survey of the family. J. Arnold Arb. 46: 369-410.
68. Wing, S. L. (1984). A new basis for recognizing the Paleocene/Eocene boundary in western interior North America. Science 226: 439-441.
69. Winterfeld, G. F. (1990). Summary of Laramide depositional and tectonic events East Fork area, northwestern Wind River Basin and adjacent Washakie Range, Wyoming. In: Wyoming Sedimentation and Tectonics, R. W. Specht, ed., pp. 167-178, Wyoming Geol. Assoc., 41st Ann. Field Conf., Guidebook.