Recent insights into Rasmussen encephalitis;Neue erkenntnis zur Rasmussen-enzephalitis

Nervenarzt

Volumn 76, Issue 12, 2005, Pages 1470-1487

  Bien, C G ^a   Elger, C E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Diagnosis; Epilepsy; Pathogenesis; Rasmussen encephalitis; Therapy

Indexed keywords

CALCINEURIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; STEROID; TACROLIMUS;

APHASIA; BRAIN ATROPHY; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DISEASE COURSE; EPILEPTIC STATE; HEMIANOPIA; HEMISPHERE; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; RASMUSSEN SYNDROME; REVIEW; SEIZURE;

CLINICAL TRIALS; ENCEPHALITIS; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; PHYSICIAN'S PRACTICE PATTERNS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES;

EID: 28744456875     PISSN: 00282804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00115-005-1955-0     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. Accapezzato D, Francavilla V, Propato A et al. (2003) Mechanisms inducing or controlling CD8+ T cell responses against self- or non-self-antigens. Ann NY Acad Sci 987:99-106
2. Andermann E, Oguni H, Guttmann RD et al. (1991) Genetic aspects of chronic encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 167-175
3. Andermann F (1991) Preface. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp xiii-xiv
4. Andermann F (2002) Rasmussen Syndrome and movement disorder. Mov Disord 17:437-438
5. Andermann F (ed) (1991) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston
6. Atkins MR, Terrell W, Hulette CM (1995) Rasmussen's syndrome: a study of potential viral etiology. Clin Neuropathol 14:7-12
7. Banati RB, Goerres GW, Myers R et al. (1999) [11C](R)-PK11195 positron emission tomography imaging of activated microglia in vivo in Rasmussen's encephalitis. Neurology 53:2199-2203
8. Bancaud J, Bonis A, Trottier S et al. (1982) L'epilepsie partielle continue: syndrome et maladie. Rev Neurol (Paris) 138:803-814
9. Barry M, Heibein JA, Pinkoski MJ et al. (2000) Granzyme B short-circuits the need for caspase 8 activity during granule-mediated cytotoxic T-lymphocyte killing by directly cleaving Bid. Mol Cell Biol 20:3781-3794
10. Bauer J, Elger C, Pietsch T et al. (2004) Astrocyte loss in Rasmussen's encephalitis (Abstract). J Neuroimmunol 154:192
11. Bhatjiwale MG, Polkey C, Cox TC et al. (1998) Rasmussen's encephalitis: neuroimaging findings in 21 patients with a closer look at the basal ganglia. Pediatr Neurosurg 29:142-148
12. Bien CG, Bauer J, Deckwerth TL et al. (2002) Destruction of neurons by cytotoxic T cells: a new pathogenic mechanism in Rasmussen's encephalitis. Ann Neurol 51:311-318
13. Bien CG, Gleissner U, Sassen R et al. (2004) An open study of tacrolimus therapy in Rasmussen encephalitis. Neurology 62:2106-2109
14. Bien CG, Granata T, Antozzi C et al. (2005) Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Rasmussen encephalitis: a European consensus statement. Brain 128:454-471
15. Bien CG, Urbach H, Deckert M et al. (2002) Diagnosis and staging of Rasmussen's encephalitis by serial MRI and histopathology. Neurology 58:250-257
16. Bien CG, Widman G, Urbach H et al. (2002) The natural history of Rasmussen's encephalitis. Brain 125:1751-1759
17. Caplan R, Curtiss S, Chugani HT et al. (1996) Pediatric Rasmussen encephalitis: social communication, language, PET and pathology before and after hemispherectomy. Brain Cogn 32:45-66
18. Chiapparini L, Granata T, Farina L et al. (2003) Diagnostic imaging in 13 cases of Rasmussen's encephalitis: can early MRI suggest the diagnosis? Neuroradiology 45:171-183
19. Chinchilla D, Dulac O, Robain O et al. (1994) Reappraisal of Rasmussen's syndrome with special emphasis on treatment with high doses of steroids. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 57:1325-1333
20. Delalande O, Bulteau C (2002) Hemispherotomy for Rasmussen's encephalitis: technique and long-term results. (Vortrag auf dem 2nd International Symposium on Rasmussen's encephalitis in Montreal, Dezember 2002)
21. Derry C, Dale RC, Thom M et al. (2002) Unihemispheric cerebral vasculitis mimicking Rasmussen's encephalitis. Neurology 58:327-328
22. Dubeau F, Sherwin AL (1991) Pharmacologic principles in the management of chronic focal encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 179-192
23. Dulac O, Robain O, Chiron C et al. (1991) High-dose steroid treatment of epilepsia partialis continua due to chronic focal encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 193-199
24. Duprez TP, Grandin C, Gadisseux JF et al. (1997) MR-monitored remitting-relapsing pattern of cortical involvement in Rasmussen syndrome: comparative evaluation of serial MR and PET/SPECT features. J Comput Assist Tomogr 21:900-904
25. English R, Soper N, Shepstone BJ et al. (1989) Five patients with Rasmussen's syndrome investigated by single- photon-emission computed tomography. Nucl Med Commun 10:5-14
26. Farrell MA, Cheng L, Cornford ME et al. (1991) Cytomegalovirus and Rasmussen's encephalitis [letter; comment]. Lancet 337:1551-1552
27. Farrell MA, Droogan O, Secor DL et al. (1995) Chronic encephalitis associated with epilepsy: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 89:313-321
28. Firlik KS, Adelson PD, Hamilton RL (1999) Coexistence of a ganglioglioma and Rasmussen's encephalitis. Pediatr Neurosurg 30:278-282
29. Frassoni C, Spreafico R, Franceschetti S et al. (2001) Labeling of rat neurons by anti-GluR3 IgG from patients with Rasmussen encephalitis. Neurology 57:324-327
30. Frucht S (2002) Dystonia, athetosis, and epilepsia partialis continua in a patient with late-onset Rasmussen's encephalitis. Mov Disord 17:609-612
31. Geller E, Faerber EN, Legido A et al. (1998) Rasmussen encephalitis: complementary role of multi-technique neuroimaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19:445-449
32. Gilden DH, Lipton H (1991) Cytomegalovirus and Rasmussen's encephalitis [letter; comment]. Lancet 337:239
33. Granata T, Fusco L, Gobbi G et al. (2003) Experience with immunomodulatory treatments in Rasmussen's encephalitis. Neurology 61:1807-1810
34. Granata T, Gobbi G, Spreafico R et al. (2003) Rasmussen's encephalitis: early characteristics allow diagnosis. Neurology 60:422-425
35. Gray F, Serdaru M, Baron H et al. (1987) Chronic localised encephalitis (Rasmussen's) in an adult with epilepsia partialis continua. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 50:747-751
36. Gupta PC, Rapin I, Houroupian DS et al. (1984) Smoldering encephalitis in children. Neuropediatrics 15:191-197
37. Hajek M, Antonini A, Leenders KL et al. (1991) Epilepsia partialis continua studied by PET. Epilepsy Res 9:44-18
38. Hart YM, Andermann F, Fish DR et al. (1997) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy in adults and adolescents: a variant of Rasmussen's syndrome? Neurology 48:418-424
39. Hart YM, Andermann F, Robitaille Y et al. (1998) Double pathology in Rasmussen's syndrome: a window on the etiology? Neurology 50:731-735
40. Hart YM, Cortez M, Andermann F et al. (1994) Medical treatment of Rasmussen's syndrome (chronic encephalitis and epilepsy): effect of high-dose steroids or immunoglobulins in 19 patients. Neurology 44:1030-1036
41. He XP, Patel M, Whitney KD et al. (1998) Glutamate receptor GluR3 antibodies and death of cortical cells. Neuron 20:153-163
42. Honavar M, Janota I, Polkey CE (1992) Rasmussen's encephalitis in surgery for epilepsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 34:3-14
43. Jay V, Becker LE, Otsubo H et al. (1995) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy (Rasmussen's encephalitis): detection of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus 1 by the polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. Neurology 45:108-117
44. Jonas R, Nguyen S, Hu B et al. (2004) Cerebral hemispherectomy: Hospital course, seizure, developmental, language, and motor outcomes. Neurology 62:1712-1721
45. Kaiboriboon K, Cortese C, Hogan RE (2000) Magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography changes during the clinical progression of Rasmussen encephalitis. J Neuroimaging 10:122-125
46. Kimura T, Griffin DE (2000) The role of CD8(+) T cells and major histocompatibility complex class I expression in the central nervous system of mice infected with neurovirulent Sindbis virus. J Virol 74:6117-6125
47. King NJ, Kesson AM (2003) Interaction of flaviviruses with cells of the vertebrate host and decoy of the immune response. Immunol Cell Biol 81:207-216
48. Korn-Lubetzki I, Bien CG, Bauer J et al. (2004) Rasmussen encephalitis with active inflammation and delayed seizures onset. Neurology 62:984-986
49. Koshewnikow AJ (1895) Eine besondere Form von corticaler Epilepsie. Neurol Centralbl 14:47-48
50. Kossoff EH, Vining EP, Pillas DJ et al. (2003) Hemispherectomy for intractable unihemispheric epilepsy etiology vs outcome. Neurology 61:887-890
51. Krauss GL, Campbell ML, Roche KW et al. (1996) Chronic steroid-responsive encephalitis without autoantibodies to glutamate receptor GluR3. Neurology 46:247-249
52. Lang B, Watson R, Bermudez I et al. (2004) Antibodies to neuronal alpha7 acetylcholine receptor in patients with Rasmussen's encephalitis (Abstract). J Neuroimmunol 154:192
53. Larionov S, König R, Urbach H et al. (2005) MRI brain volumetry in Rasmussen encephalitis: the fate of affected and "unaffected" hemispheres. Neurology 64:885-887
54. Larner AJ, Smith SJ, Duncan JS et al. (1995) Late-onset Rasmussen's syndrome with first seizure during pregnancy [letter]. Eur Neurol 35:172-172
55. Leach JP, Chadwick DW, Miles JB et al. (1999) Improvement in adult-onset Rasmussen's encephalitis with long-term immunomodulatorytherapy. Neurology 52:738-742
56. Levite M, Fleidervish IA, Schwarz A et al. (1999) Autoantibodies to the glutamate receptor kill neurons via activation of the receptor ion channel. J Autoimmun 13:61-72
57. Li Y, Uccelli A, Laxer KD et al. (1997) Local-clonal expansion of infiltrating T lymphocytes in chronic encephalitis of Rasmussen. J Immunol 158:1428-1437
58. Liu RS, Lemieux L, Bell GS et al. (2003) Progressive neocortical damage in epilepsy. Ann Neurol 53:312-324
59. Mantegazza R, Bernasconi P, Baggi F et al. (2002) Antibodies against GluR3 peptides are not specific for Rasmussen's encephalitis but are also present in epilepsy patients with severe, early onset disease and intractable seizures. J Neuroimmunol 131:179-185
60. Matthews PM, Andermann F, Arnold DL (1990) A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of focal epilepsy in humans. Neurology 40:985-989
61. McLachlan RS, Girvin JP, Blume WT et al. (1993) Rasmussen's chronic encephalitis in adults. Arch Neurol 50:269-274
62. McLachlan RS, Levin S, Blume WT (1996) Treatment of Rasmussen's syndrome with ganciclovir. Neurology 47:925-928
63. Morrell F, Whisler WW, Smith MC (1991) Multiple subpial transection in Rasmussen's encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 219-233
64. Nakasu S, Isozumi T, Yamamoto A et al. (1997) Serial magnetic resonance imaging findings of Rasmussen's encephalitis - case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 37:924-928
65. Oguni H, Andermann F, Rasmussen TB (1991) The natural history of the syndrome of chronic encephalitis and epilepsy: a study of the MNI series of forty-eight cases. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 7-35
66. Olivier A (1991) Cortical resection for diagnosis and treatment of seizures due to chronic encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 205-211
67. Palace J, Lang B (2000) Epilepsy: an autoimmune disease? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69:711-714
68. Palmer CA, Geyer JD, Keating JM et al. (1999) Rasmussen's encephalitis with concomitant cortical dysplasia: the role of GluR3. Epilepsia 40:242-247
69. Piatt JH Jr, Hwang PA, Armstrong DC et al. (1988) Chronic focal encephalitis (Rasmussen syndrome): six cases. Epilepsia 29:268-279
70. Power C, Poland SD, Blume WT et al. (1990) Cytomegalovirus and Rasmussen's encephalitis. Lancet 336:1282-1284
71. Pulsifer MB, Brandt J, Salorio CF et al. (2004) The cognitive outcome of hemispherectomy in 71 children. Epilepsia 45:243-254
72. Rasmussen T (1978) Further observations on the syndrome of chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Appl Neurophysiol 41:1-12
73. Rasmussen T, McCann W (1968) Clinical studies of patients with focal epilepsy due to "chronic encephalitis". Trans Am Neurol Assoc 93:89-94
74. Rasmussen T, Olszewski J, Lloyd-Smith D (1958) Focal seizures due to chronic localized encephalitis. Neurology 8:435-445
75. Rasmussen TB (1991) Chronic encephalitis and seizures: historical introduction. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 1-4
76. Robitaille Y (1991) Neuropathologic aspects of chronic encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 79-110
77. Rogers SW, Andrews PI, Gahring LC et al. (1994) Autoantibodies to glutamate receptor GluR3 in Rasmussen's encephalitis. Science 265:648-651
78. Scott LJ, McKeage K, Keam SJ et al. (2003) Tacrolimus: a further update of its use in the management of organ transplantation. Drugs 63:1247-1297
79. Spencer SS, Spencer DD (1991) Corpus callosotomy in chronic encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 213-218
80. Tampieri D, Melanson D, Ethier R (1991) Imaging of chronic encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 47-60
81. Thom M, Moran NF, Plant GT et al. (1999) Cortical dysplasia with angiodysgenesis and chronic inflammation in multifocal partial epilepsy. Neurology 52:654-657
82. Trapani JA, Smyth MJ (2002) Functional significance of the perforin/granzyme cell death pathway. Nat Rev Immunol 2:735-747
83. Turk WU, Wolchok JD, Guevara-Patino JA et al. (2002) Multiple pathways to tumor immunity and concomitant autoimmunity. Immunol Rev 188:122-135
84. Twyman RE, Gahring LC, Spiess J et al. (1995) Glutamate receptor antibodies activate a subset of receptors and reveal an agonist binding site. Neuron 14:755-762
85. Villani F, Spreafico R, Farina L et al. (2001) Positive response to immunomodulatory therapy in an adult patient with Rasmussen's encephalitis. Neurology 56:248-250
86. Villemure J-G (2002) Functional hemispherectomy and peri-insular hemispherotomy in Rasmussen's Encephalitis (Vortrag auf dem 2nd International Symposium on Rasmussen's encephalitis in Montreal, Dezember 2002)
87. Villemure J-G, Andermann F, Rasmussen TB (1991) Hemispherectomy for the treatment of epilepsy due to chronic encephalitis. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 235-241
88. Vining EP, Freeman JM, Pillas DJ et al. (1997) Why would you remove half a brain? The outcome of 58 children after hemispherectomy - the Johns Hopkins experience: 1968 to 1996. Pediatrics 100:163-171
89. Vinters HV, Wang R, Wiley CA (1993) Herpesviruses in chronic encephalitis associated with intractable childhood epilepsy. Hum Pathol 24:871-879
90. Walsh PJ (1991) Treatment of Rasmussen's syndrome with intravenous gammaglobulin. In: Andermann F (ed) Chronic encephalitis and epilepsy. Rasmussen's syndrome. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, pp 201-204
91. Walter GF, Renella RR (1989) Epstein-Barr virus in brain and Rasmussen's encephalitis [letter]. Lancet 1:279-280
92. Walter GF, Renella RR, Hori A et al. (1989) Nachweis von Epstein-Barr-Viren bei Rasmussen's Enzephalitis. Bericht über zwei Fälle. Nervenarzt 60:168-170
93. Watson R, Jiang Y, Bermudez I et al. (2004) Absence of antibodies to glutamate receptor type 3 (GluR3) in Rasmussen encephalitis. Neurology 63:43-50
94. Whitney KD, McNamara JO (1999) Autoimmunity and neurological disease: antibody modulation of synaptic transmission. Annu Rev Neurosci 22:175-195
95. Whitney KD, McNamara JO (2000) GluR3 autoantibodies destroy neural cells in a complement- dependent manner modulated by complement regulatory proteins. J Neurosci 20:7307-7316
96. Wiendl H, Bien CG, Bernasconi P et al. (2001) GluR3 antibodies: prevalence in focal epilepsy but no specificity for Rasmussen's encephalitis. Neurology 57:1511-1514
97. Yacubian EM, Marie SK, Valerio RM et al. (1997) Neuroimaging findings in Rasmussen's syndrome. J Neuroimaging 7:16-22