How many people develop fractures with what outcome?

Best Practice and Research: Clinical Rheumatology

Volumn 19, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 879-895

  O'Neill, Terence W ^a   Roy, Dipak K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Economic costs; Epidemiology; Fracture; Health impact; Osteoporosis

Indexed keywords

AGE; BONE MASS; COST OF ILLNESS; DEMOGRAPHY; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; FALLING; FOREARM FRACTURE; FRAGILITY FRACTURE; HEALTH CARE COST; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HIP FRACTURE; HIP SURGERY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; PATHOGENESIS; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SEASONAL VARIATION; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL CARE; VERTEBRA FRACTURE;

COST OF ILLNESS; FEMALE; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; OSTEOPOROSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PREVALENCE;

EID: 28644450245     PISSN: 15216942     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2005.06.003     Document Type: Review

References (112)

1. Anonymous Consensus development conference: Diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis The American Journal of Medicine 94 1993 646-650
2. World Health Organisation Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis WHO Technical Report Series 843 1994 World Health Organisation Geneva
3. L.J. Melton III Perspectives. How many women have osteoporosis now? Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 10 1995 175-177
4. J.A. Kanis L.J. Melton III C. Christiansen et al. Perspective: The diagnosis of osteoporosis Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 9 1994 1137-1141
5. A.C. Looker E.S. Orwoll C.C. Johnston et al. Prevalence of low femoral bone density in older US adults from NHANES III Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 12 1997 1761-1768
6. M. Iki S. Kagamimori Y. Kagawa et al. Bone mineral density of the spine, hip and distal forearm in representative samples of the Japanese female population: Japanese population based osteoporosis study Osteoporosis International 12 2001 529-537
7. T. Cundy J. Cornish M.C. Evans et al. Sources of interracial variation in bone mineral density Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 10 1995 368-373
8. C.E.D.H. De Laet B.A. Van Hout H. Burger et al. Hip fracture prediction in elderly men and women: Validation in the Rotterdam study Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 13 1998 1587-1593
9. T.W. O'Neill M. Lunt A.J. Silman et al. The relationship between bone density and incident vertebral fracture in men and women Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 17 2002 2214-2221
10. D.J. Torgerson C.P. Iglesias & D.M. Reid The economics of fracture prevention In: D.H. Barlow R.M. Francis & A. Miles (Eds.) The Effective Management of Osteoporosis 2001 Aesculapius Medical Press London 111-121
11. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General 2004 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General Rockville, MD
12. L.J. Melton III E.A. Chrischilles C. Cooper et al. Perspective: How many women have osteoporosis? Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 7 1992 1005-1010
13. National Osteoporosis Foundation Osteoporosis: Review of the evidence for prevention, diagnosis and treatment and cost-effectiveness analysis Osteoporosis International 8 1998 S3-S80
14. J.A. Kanis O. Johnell A. Oden et al. Long term risk of osteoporotic fracture in Malmo Osteoporosis International 11 2000 669-674
15. D.A. Doherty K.M. Sanders M.A. Kotowicz & R.L. Prince Lifetime and five-year age-specific risks of first and subsequent osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women Osteoporosis International 12 2001 16-23
16. T.P. van Staa E.M. Dennison H.G.M. Leufkens & C. Cooper Epidemiology of fractures in England and Wales Bone 29 2001 517-522
17. J.A. Kanis O. Johnell C. De Laet et al. International variations in hip fracture probabilities: Implications for risk assessment Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 17 2002 1237-1244
18. A. Oden A. Dawson W. Dere et al. Lifetime risk of hip fractures is underestimated Osteoporosis International 8 1998 599-603
19. J.A. Kanis & C.C. Gluer For the committee of scientific advisors, International Osteoporosis Foundation. An update on the diagnosis and assessment of osteoporosis with densitometry Osteoporosis International 11 2000 192-202
20. J.A. Kanis O. Johnell A. Oden et al. Ten year probabilities of osteoporotic fractures according to BMD and diagnostic thresholds Osteoporosis International 12 2001 989-995
21. L.J. Donaldson A. Cook & R.G. Thomson Incidence of fractures in a geographically defined population Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 44 1990 241-245
22. C. Cooper E.M. Dennison H.G.M. Leufkens et al. Epidemiology of childhood fractures in Britain: A study using the general practice research database Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 19 2004 1976-1981
23. D.G. Seeley W.S. Browner M.C. Nevitt et al. Which fractures are associated with low appendicular bone mass in elderly women? Annals of Internal Medicine 115 1991 837-842
24. S.J. Jacobsen J. Goldberg T.P. Miles et al. Seasonal variation in the incidence of hip fracture among white persons aged 65 years and older in the United States, 1984-1987 American Journal of Epidemiology 133 1991 996-1004
25. S.J. Jacobsen D.J. Sargent E.J. Atkinson et al. Population based study of the contribution of weather to hip fracture seasonality American Journal of Epidemiology 141 1995 79-83
26. L. Solomon Osteoporosis and fracture of the femoral neck in the South African Bantu The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 50B 1968 2-13
27. S. Stott & D.H. Gray The incidence of femoral neck fractures in New Zealand The New Zealand Medical Journal 91 1980 6-9
28. L.J. Melton III Epidemiology of fractures In: B.L. Riggs & L.J. Melton (Eds.) Osteoporosis: Etiology, Diagnosis and Management 1995 Lippincott-Raven Philadelphia, PA 225-247
29. J.W. Davis M.C. Nevitt R.D. Wasnich & P.D. Ross A cross cultural comparison of neuromuscular performance, functional status and falls between Japanese and white women Journal of Gerontological Medical Science 54A 1999 M288-M292
30. O. Johnell B. Gullberg E. Allander et al. The apparent incidence of hip fracture in Europe: A study of national register sources Osteoporosis International 2 1992 298-302
31. S.J. Jacobsen J. Goldberg T.P. Miles et al. Regional variation in the incidence of hip fracture. US white women aged 65 years and over Journal of American Medical Association 264 1990 500-502
32. E.M.C. Lau J.K. Lee P. Suriwongpaisal et al. The incidence of hip fracture in four Asian countries: The Asian Osteoporosis Study (AOS) Osteoporosis International 12 2001 239-243
33. I. Sernbo O. Johnell & T. Andersson Differences in the incidence of hip fracture: Comparison of an urban and a rural population in southern Sweden Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 59 1988 382-385
34. C. Cooper Epidemiology and public health impact of osteoporosis In: D.M. Reid (Ed.) Baillieres Clinical Rheumatology vol. 7 1993 459-478
35. S.J. Jacobsen D.J. Sargent E.J. Atkinson et al. Contribution of weather to the seasonality of distal forearm fractures: A population-based study in Rochester, MN Osteoporosis International 9 1999 254-259
36. R. Eastell B.L. Riggs H.W. Wahner et al. Colles fracture and bone density of the ultradistal radius Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 4 1989 607-613
37. T.W. O'Neill C. Cooper J.D. Finn et al. Incidence of distal forearm fracture in British men and women Osteoporosis International 12 2001 555-558
38. U. Bengner & O. Johnell Increasing incidence of forearm fractures. A comparison of epidemiological patterns 25 years apart Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 56 1985 158-160
39. D.K. Roy S.R. Pye M. Lunt et al. Falls explain between-centre differences in the incidence of limb fracture across Europe Bone 31 2002 712-717
40. T.W. O'Neill D. Felsenberg J. Varlow et al. The prevalance of vertebral deformity in European men and women: The European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 11 1996 1010-1018
41. J.A. Kanis & E.V. McCloskey Epidemiology of vertebral osteoporosis Bone 13 supplement 1 1992 S1-S10
42. A.J. Silman T.W. O'Neill C. Cooper et al. Influence of physical activity on vertebral deformity: Results from the European Vertebral Osteoporosis study Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 12 1997 813-819
43. A.A. Ismail C. Cooper D. et al. Felsenberg Number and type of vertebral deformities: Epidemiological characteristics and relation to back pain and height loss Osteoporosis International 9 1999 206-213
44. D. Felsenberg A.J. Silman M. Lunt et al. Incidence of vertebral fracture in Europe: Results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS) Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 17 2002 716-724
45. M. Van Der Klift C.E.D.H. De Laet E.V. McCloskey et al. The incidence of vertebral fractures in men and women: The Rotterdam Study Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 17 2002 1051-1056
46. C. Cooper E.J. Atkinson W.M. O'Fallon & L.J. Melton III Incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: A population-based study in Rochester, MN 1985-1989 Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 7 1992 221-227
47. E.R. Myers & S.E. Wilson Biomechanics of osteoporosis and vertebral fracture Spine 22 1997 25S-31S
48. K.M. Sanders E. Seeman A.M. Ugoni et al. Age- and gender-specific rate of fractures in Australia: A population based study Osteoporosis International 10 1999 240-247
49. J.A. Kanis O. Johnell A. Oden et al. The risk and burden of vertebral fractures in Sweden Osteoporosis International 15 2004 20-26
50. O. Johnell J.A. Kanis B. Jonsson et al. The burden of hospitalised fractures in Sweden Osteoporosis International 2004 [epub ahead of print]
51. L.J. Melton III A.W. Lane C. Cooper et al. Prevalence and incidence of vertebral deformities Osteoporosis International 3 1993 113-119
52. M.C. Nevitt B. Ettinger D.M. Black et al. The association of radiographically detected vertebral fractures with back pain and function: A prospective study Annals of Internal Medicine 128 1998 793-800
53. P.D. Ross S. Fujiwara C. Huang et al. Vertebral fracture prevalence in women in Hiroshima compared to Caucasians or Japanese in the US International Journal of Epidemiology 24 1995 1171-1177
54. S.J. Jacobsen C. Cooper M.S. Gottlieb et al. Hospitalisation with vertebral fracture among the aged: A national population based study, 1986-1989 Epidemiology 3 1992 515-518
55. C. Cooper E.J. Atkinson S.J. Jacobsen et al. Population based study of survival after osteoporotic fractures American Journal of Epidemiology 137 1993 1001-1005
56. W.S. Browner A.R. Pressman M.C. Nevitt et al. Mortality following fractures in older women: The study of osteoporotic fractures Archives of Internal Medicine 156 1996 1521-1525
57. A.A. Ismail T.W. O'Neill C. Cooper et al. Mortality associated with vertebral deformity in men and women: Results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study Osteoporosis International 8 1998 291-297
58. J.R. Center T.V. Nguyen D. Schneider et al. Mortality after all major types of osteoporotic fracture in men and women: An observational study Lancet 353 1999 878-882
59. D.M. Kado W.S. Browner L. Palermo et al. Vertebral fractures and mortality in older women Archives of Internal Medicine 159 1999 1215-1220
60. K.E. Ensrud D.E. Thompson J.A. Cauley et al. Prevalent vertebral deformities predict mortality and hospitalization in older women with low bone mass Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 48 2000 241-249
61. J.A. Cauley D.E. Thompson K.C. Ensrud et al. Risk of mortality following clinical fractures Osteoporosis International 11 2000 556-561
62. R. Hasserius M.K. Karlsson B.E. Nilsson et al. Prevalent vertebral deformities predict increased mortality and increased fracture rate in both men and women: A 10-year population-based study of 598 individuals from the Swedish cohort in the European Vertebral Osteoporosis study Osteoporosis International 14 2003 61-68
63. T. Jalava S. Sarna L. Pylkkanen et al. Association between vertebral fracture and increased mortality in osteoporotic patients Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 18 2003 1254-1260
64. J.A. Kanis A. Oden O. Johnell et al. Excess mortality after hospitalisation for vertebral fracture Osteoporosis International 15 2004 108-112
65. O. Johnell J.A. Kanis A. Oden et al. Mortality after osteoporotic fractures Osteoporosis International 15 2004 38-42
66. S.R. Cummings & L.J. Melton III Epidemiology and outcomes of osteoporotic fractures Lancet 359 2002 1761-1767
67. J.A. Kanis A. Oden O. Johnell et al. The components of excess mortality after hip fracture Bone 32 2003 468-473
68. G. Poor E.J. Atkinson W.M. O'Fallon & L.J. Melton III Determinants of reduced survival following hip fractures in men Clinical Orthopaedics 319 1995 260-265
69. J. Alegre-Lopez J. Cordero-Guevara J.L. Alonso-Valdivielso & J. Fernandez-Melon Factors associated with mortality and functional disability after hip fracture: An inception cohort study Osteoporosis International 2004 [epub ahead of print]
70. J.L. Kelsey W.S. Browner D.G. Seeley et al. Risk factors for fractures of the distal forearm and proximal humerus American Journal of Epidemiology 135 1992 477-489
71. T.W. O'Neill D. Marsden J.E. Adams & A.J. Silman Risk factors, falls and fracture of the distal forearm in Manchester, UK Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 50 1996 288-292
72. E.A. Chrischilles C.D. Butler C.S. Davis & R.B. Wallace A model of lifetime osteoporosis impact Archives of Internal Medicine 151 1991 2026-2032
73. R.A. Marottoli L.F. Berkman & L.M. Cooney Jr Decline in physical function following hip fracture Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 40 1992 861-866
74. A.G. Randell T.V. Nguyen N. Bhalerao et al. Deterioration in quality of life following hip fracture: A prospective study Osteoporosis International 11 2000 460-466
75. A.N.A. Tosteson S.E. Gabriel M.R. Grove et al. Impact of hip and vertebral fractures on quality-adjusted life years Osteoporosis International 12 2001 1042-1049
76. J.A. Kanis A. Oden O. Johnell et al. The burden of osteoporotic fractures: A method for setting intervention thresholds Osteoporosis International 12 2001 417-427
77. P. Lips & N.M. van Schoor Quality of life in patients with osteoporosis Osteoporosis International 2004 [epub ahead of print]
78. G. Salkeld I.D. Cameron R.G. Cumming et al. Quality of life related to fear of falling and hip fracture in older women: A time trade off study British Medical Journal 320 2000 341-346
79. A.M. Oleksik S. Ewing W. Shen et al. Impact of incident vertebral fractures on health related quality of life (HRQOL) in postmenopausal women with prevalent vertebral fractures Osteoporosis International 2004 [epub ahead of print]
80. P. Lips C. Cooper D. Agnusdei et al. Quality of life in patients with vertebral fractures: Validation of the quality of life Questionnaire of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis (QUALEFFO) Osteoporosis International 10 1999 150-160
81. A. Oleksik P. Lips A. Dawson et al. Health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women with low BMD with or without prevalent vertebral fractures Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 15 2000 1384-1392
82. A. Papaioannou N.B. Watts D.L. Kendler et al. Diagnosis and managment of vertebral fractures in elderly adults The American Journal of Medicine 113 2002 220-228
83. G.A. Greendale E. Barrett-Connor S. Ingles & R. Haile Late physical and functional effects of osteoporotic fracture in women: The Rancho Bernardo study Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 43 1995 955-961
84. B. Ettinger D. Black M.C. Nevitt et al. Contribution of vertebral deformities to chronic back pain and disability Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 7 1992 449-456
85. C. Matthis U. Weber T.W. O'Neill et al. Health impact associated with vertebral deformities: Results from the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (EVOS) Osteoporosis International 8 1998 364-372
86. W. Cockerill M. Lunt A.J. Silman et al. Health related quality of life and radiographic vertebral fracture Osteoporosis International 15 2004 113-119
87. E. Romagnoli V. Carnevale I. Nofroni et al. Quality of life in ambulatory postmenopausal women: The impact of reduced bone mineral density and subclinical vertebral fractures Osteoporosis International 15 2004 975-980
88. W.P. Cooney III J.H. Dobyns & R.L. Linscheid Complications of Colles' fractures Journal of Bone Joint Surgery 62A 1980 613-619
89. P. Dolan D. Torgerson & T.K. Kakarlapudi Health-related quality of life of Colles' fracture patients Osteoporosis International 9 1999 196-199
90. L.J. Melton III E.J. Atkinson C. Cooper et al. Vertebral fractures predict subsequent fractures Osteoporosis International 10 1999 214-221
91. C.M. Klotzbuecher P.D. Ross P.B. Landsman et al. Patients with prior fractures have an increased risk of future fractures: A summary of the literature and statistical synthesis Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 15 2000 721-739
92. A.A. Ismail W. Cockerill C. Cooper et al. Prevalent vertebral deformity predicts incident hip though not distal forearm fracture: Results from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study Osteoporosis International 12 2001 85-90
93. F. Wu B. Mason A. Horne et al. Fractures between the ages of 20 and 50 years increase women's risk of subsequent fractures Archives of Internal Medicine 162 2002 33-36
94. T.P. van Staa H.G.M. Leufkens & C. Cooper Does a fracture at one site predict later fractures at other sites? A British cohort study Osteoporosis International 13 2002 624-629
95. O. Johnell J.A. Kanis A. Oden et al. Fracture risk following an osteoporotic fracture Osteoporosis International 15 2004 175-179
96. J.A. Kanis O. Johnell C. De Laet et al. A meta-analysis of previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk Bone 35 2004 375-382
97. O. Johnell A. Oden F. Caulin & J.A. Kanis Acute and long term increase in fracture risk after hospitalization for vertebral fracture Osteoporosis International 12 2001 207-214
98. M. Lunt T.W. O'Neill D. Felsenberg et al. Characteristics of a prevalent vertebral deformity predict subsequent vertebral fracture: Result from the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS) Bone 33 2003 505-513
99. R. Lindsay S.L. Silverman C. Cooper et al. Risk of new vertebral fracture in the year following a fracture Journal of American Medical Association 285 2001 320-323
100. J.A. Kanis & O. Johnell Requirements for DXA for the management of osteoporosis in Europe Osteoporosis International 2004 [epub ahead of print]
101. P. Dolan & D.J. Torgerson The cost of treating osteoporotic fractures in the United Kingdom female population Osteoporosis International 8 1998 611-617
102. N.F. Ray J.K. Chan M. Thamer & L.J. Melton III Medical expenditures for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the United States in 1995: Report from the National Osteoporosis Foundation Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 12 1997 24-35
103. C. Cooper G. Campion & L.J. Melton III Hip fractures in the elderly: a world-wide projection Osteoporosis International 2 1992 285-289
104. European Commission Report on Osteoporosis in the European Community. Directorate-General for Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs. Directorate V/F.2 1998 Office for Official Publications of the European Communities Luxembourg
105. L.J. Melton III T.M. Therneau & D.R. Larson Long-term trends in hip fracture prevalence: The influence of hip fracture incidence and survival Osteoporosis International 8 1998 68-74
106. S. Balasegaram A. Majeed & H. Fitz-Clarence Trends in hospital admissions for fractures of the hip and femur in England, 1989-1990 to 1997-1998 Journal of Public Health Medicine 23 2001 11-17
107. C. Rogmark I. Sernbo O. Johnell & J.A. Nilsson Incidence of hip fractures in Malmo, Sweden, 1992-1995. A trend break Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 70 1999 19-22
108. X. Ling L. Aimin Z. Xihe et al. Very low rates of hip fracture in Beijing, Peoples republic of China American Journal of Epidemiology 144 1996 901-907
109. M. Wildner & D.E. Clark Hip fracture incidence in east and west germany: Re-assessement ten years after unification Osteoporosis International 12 2001 136-139
110. U. Bengner O. Johnell & I. Redlund-Johnell Changes in incidence and prevalence of vertebral fractures during 30 years Calcified Tissue International 42 1988 293-296
111. Bengner U. Age related fractures. Epidemiological changes over 30 years in an urban population, Doctoral thesis. Malmo: Lund University, 1987.
112. M. Palvanen P. Kannus S. Niemi & J. Parkkari Hospital-treated minimal-trauma rib fractures in elderly Finns: Long-term trends and projections for the future Osteoporosis International 15 2004 649-653