Removal and inactivation of waterborne viruses using zerovalent iron

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 39, Issue 23, 2005, Pages 9263-9269

  You, Youwen ^a,b   Han, Jie ^a   Chiu, Pei C ^a   Jin, Yan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHLORINATION; DISINFECTANTS; FILTRATION; GROUNDWATER; IRON; IRON OXIDES; MASS TRANSFER; POTABLE WATER; WASTEWATER;

BIOLOGICAL AGENTS; PATHOGENS; WATERBORNE VIRUSES; ZEROVALENT IRON;

VIRUSES;

CHLORINE; DISINFECTANT AGENT; DRINKING WATER; GROUND WATER; IRON;

GROUNDWATER; IRON; VIRUS; WATER TREATMENT;

ARTICLE; BATCH REACTOR; CHLORINATION; DISINFECTION; FILTRATION; MASS; VIRUS ADSORPTION; VIRUS INACTIVATION; WASTE WATER; WATER TREATMENT;

IONS; VIRUS INACTIVATION; VIRUSES; WATER MICROBIOLOGY;

EID: 28444472723     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es050829j     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Yates, M. V.; Gerba, C. P.; Kelly, L. M. Virus persistence in groundwater. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1985, 49, 778-781.
2. McMurry, S.W.; Coyne, M.S.; Perfect, E. Fecal coliform transport through intact soil blocks amended with poultry manure. J. Environ. Qual. 1998, 27, 86-92.
3. U. S. EPA. Reducing Risk: Setting Priorities and Strategies for Environmental Protection. Appendix B: Report of the Human Health Subcommittee; SAB-EC-90-021B; USEPA Science Advisory Board: Washington, DC, 1990.
4. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Groundwater Rule; Proposed Rule. Fed. Regist. 2000, 65, 30194-30274.
5. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule; Proposed Rule. Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 141 and 142, Title 40, 2003.
6. U. S. EPA. Draft for Comments: The Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) Implementation Guidance; EPA/816/D-03/001; Washington, DC, 2003.
7. Payment P.; Richardson, L.; Siemiatycki, J.; Dewar, R.; Edwards, M.; Franco, E. A randomized trail to evaluate the risk of gastrointestinal disease due to the consumption of drinking water meeting currently accepted microbiological standards. Am. J. Pub. Health 1991, 81, 703-708.
8. Payment P.; Franco, E.; Richardson, L.; Siemiatycki, J. Gastrointestinal health effects associated with the consumption of drinking water produced by point-of-use domestic reverse-osmosis filtration units. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1991, 81, 703-708.
9. Payment, P. Epidemiology of endemic gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases - incidence, fraction attributable to tap water and costs to society. Water Sci. Technol. 1997, 35, 7-10.
10. Payment, P.; Hunter, P. Endemic and epidemic infectious intestinal disease and its relation to drinking water. In World Health Organization - Water Quality: Guidelines, Standards & Health: Risk Assessment and Management for Water Related Infectious Diseases; Fewtrell, L., Bartram, J., Eds.; IWA Publishing: London, U.K., 2001; Chapter 5.
11. Ryan, J. N.; Harvey, R. W.; Metge, D.; Elimelech, M.; Navigato, T.; Pieper, A. P. Field and laboratory investigations of inactivation of viruses (PRD1 and MS-2) attached to iron oxide-coated quartz sand. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36, 2403-2413.
12. Abbaszadegan, M.; Lechevallier, M.; Gerba, C. P. Occurrence of viruses in US groundwaters. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 2003, 95, 107-120.
13. Gerba, C. P. Applied and theoretical aspects of virus adsorption to surfaces. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 1984, 30, 133-168.
14. Jin Y.; Flury, M. Fate and transport of viruses in porous media. Adv. Agron. 2002, 77, 39-103.
15. U. S. EPA. Draft for Comments: Membrane Filtration Guidance Manual; EPA/815/D-03/008; Washington, DC, June, 2003.
16. Payment, P.; Armon, R. Virus removal by drinking water treatment processes. CRC Crit. Rev. Environ. Control 1989, 19, 15-31.
17. Bull, R. J.; Gerba, C. P.; Trussell, R. R. Evaluation of the health risks associated with disinfection. CRC Crit. Rev. Environ. Control 1990, 20, 77-113.
18. Vidic, R. D. Permeable Reactive Barriers: Case Study Review, GWRTAC Technology Evaluation Report, TE-01-01; GWRTAC: Pittsburgh, PA, 2001.
19. U. S. EPA. Field Applications of In Situ Remediation Technologies: Permeable Reactive Barriers; EPA-542-R-99-002; Washington, DC, 1999.
20. RTDF (Remediation Technologies Development Forum). http://www.rtdf.org. Accessed May 2005.
21. Arnold, W. A.; Roberts, A. L. Pathways and kinetics of chlorinated ethylene and chlorinated acetylene reaction with Fe(0) particles. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34, 1794-1805.
22. Su, C.; Puls, R. W. In situ remediation of arsenic in simulated groundwater using zerovalent iron: laboratory column tests on combined effects of phosphate and silicate. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 2582-2587.
23. Melitas, N.; Conklin, M.; Ferrell, J. Electrochemical study of arsenate and water reduction on iron media used for arsenic removal from potable water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36, 3188-3193.
24. Gu, B.; Phelps, T. J.; Liang, L.; Dickey, M. J.; Roh, Y.; Kinsall, B. L.; Palumbo, A. V.; Jacobs, A. V. Biogeochemical dynamics in elemental iron columns: implications for permeable reactive barriers. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33, 2170-2177.
25. Phillips, D. H.; Gu, B.; Watson, D. B.; Roh, Y.; Liang, L.; Lee, S. Y. Performance evaluation of a zerovalent iron reactive barrier: mineralogical characteristics. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34, 4169-4176.
26. Odziemkowski, M. S.; Schuhmacher, T. T.; Gillham, R. W.; Reardon, E. J. Mechanism of oxide film formation on iron in simulating groundwater solutions: Raman spectroscopic studies. Corros. Sci. 1998, 40, 371-389.
27. Chu, Y.; Jin, Y.; Flury, M.; Yates, M. V. Mechanisms of virus removal during transport in unsaturated porous media. Water Resour. Res. 2001, 37, 253-263.
28. Sagripanti, J. L.; Routson, L. B.; Lytle, C. D. Virus inactivation by copper or iron ions alone and in the presence of peroxide. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1993, 59, 4374-4376.
29. Chu, Y.; Jin, Y.; Baumann, T.; Yates, M. V. Effect of soil properties on saturated and unsaturated virus transport through columns. J. Environ. Qual. 2003, 32, 2017-2025.
30. Murray J. P.; Park, G. A. Poliovirus adsorption on oxide surfaces: correspondence with the DLVO-Lifshitz theory of colloid stability. In Particulates in Water, Kavanaugh, M. C., Leckie, J. O., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1980; Vol. 189, pp 97-133.
31. IAWPRC Study Group on Health Related Water Microbiology. Bacteriophages as model viruses in water quality control. Water Res. 1991, 25, 529-545.
32. Snowdon, J. A.; Cliver, D. O. Coliphages as indicators of human enteric viruses in groundwater. Crit. Rev. Environ. Control 1989, 19, 231-249.
33. VanDuin, J. The single-stranded RNA bacteriophages. In The Bactriophages, vol. 1; Calendar, R., Ed.; Plenum: New York, 1988; pp 117-167.
34. Zerda, K. S. Adsorption of viruses to charge-modified silica. Ph. D. dissertation, Department Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 1982.
35. Ackerman, H. W., Dubow, M. S. Viruses of Prokaryotes. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1987; Vol. 2, pp 190-191.
36. Adams, M. H. Bacteriophages; Interscience: New York, 1959; pp 1-4.
37. Alowitz, M. J.; Scherer, M. M. Kinetics of nitrate, nitrite, and Cr(VI) reduction by iron metal. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36, 299-306.
38. Schroth, M. H.; Ahearn, S. J.; Selker, J. S.; Istok, J. D. Charaterization of miller-similar silica sand for laboratory hydrologic studies. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1996, 60, 1331-1339.
39. Mehra, O. P.; Jackson, M. L. Iron oxide removal from soils and clays by a dithionite-citrate system buffered with sodium bicarbonate. In Clays and Clay Minerals, Proceedings of the 7th National Congress, Washington, DC; Pergamon: London, 1960; pp 317-327.
40. Thompson, S. S.; Flury, M.; Yates, M. V.; Jury, W. A. Role of the air-water-solid interface in bacteriophage sorption experiments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1998, 64, 304-309.
41. Thompson, S. S.; Yates, M. V. Bacteriophage inactivation at the air-water-solid interface in dynamic batch system. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1999, 65, 1186-1190.
42. Gerba, C. P.; Marzouk, Y.; Manor, Y.; Idelovitch, E.; Vaughn, J. M. Virus removal during land application of wastewater: a comparison of three projects. In Future of Water Reuse; AWWARF: Denver, CO, 1984; Vol. 3, pp 1518-1529.
43. Jin, Y.; Yates, M. V.; Thompson, S. S.; Jury, W. A. Sorption of viruses during flow through saturated sand columns. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1997, 31, 548-555.
44. Jin, Y.; Chu, Y.; Li, Y. Virus removal and transport in saturated and unsaturated sand columns. J. Contam. Hydrol. 2000, 43, 111-128.
45. Arnold, W. A.; Ball, W. P.; Roberts, A. L. Polychlorinated ethane reaction with zerovalent zinc: pathways and rate control. J. Contam. Hydrol. 1999, 40, 183-200.
46. Harriott, P. Mass transfer to particles suspended in agitated tanks. AIChE J. 1962, 8, 93-101.
47. Ranz, W. E.; Marshall, W. R. Evaporation from drops. Chem. Eng. Prog. 1952, 48, 141-146.
48. Seinfeld, J. H.; Pandis, S. N. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1998.
49. Atkins, P. W. Physical Chemistry, 5th ed.; W. H. Freeman: New York, 1994.
50. Wilke C. R.; Chang, P. Correlation of diffusion coefficients in dilute solutions. AIChE J. 1955, 1, 264-270.
51. Toride, N.; Leji, F. J.; van Genuchten, M. T. The CXTFIT code for estimating transport parameters from laboratory or field tracer experiments, Version 2.1; Res. Rep. 137; U. S. Salinity Lab: Riverside, CA, 1995.
52. Murray, J. P.; Laband, D. J. Degradation of poliovirus by adsorption on inorganic surfaces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1979, 37, 480-486.
53. Rao, V. C.; Sullivan, R.; Read, R. B.; Clarke, N. A. A simple method for concentrating and detecting viruses in water. J. Am. Water Works Assoc. 1968, 60, 1288-1294.
54. Moore, E. S.; Tylor, D. H.; Sturman, L. S.; Reddy, M. M. Poliovirus adsorption by 34 minerals and soils. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1981, 42, 963-975.
55. Zhuang, J.; Jin, Y. Effects of pH and phosphate on virus interactions with iron oxides. Manuscript in preparation.
56. U.S. EPA. Research Plan for Microbial Pathogens and Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water; EPA/600/R-97/122; Washington, DC, November 1997.
57. Homeland Security Council. Planning Scenarios Executive Summary, version 2.0; Washington, DC, July 2004.
58. Gu, B.; Schmitt, J.; Chen, Z.; Liang, L.; McCarth, J. F. Adsorption and desorption of natural organic matter on iron oxide: mechanisms and model. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1994, 28, 38-46.
59. Dries, J.; Bastiaens, L.; Springael, D.; Agathos, S. N.; Diels, L. Competition for sorption and degradation of chlorinated ethenes in batch zerovalent iron systems. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38, 2879-2884.
60. Bedner, M.; MacCrehan, W. A.; Helz, G. R. Making chlorine greener: investigation of alternatives to sulfite for dechlorination. Water Res. 2004, 38, 2505-2514.
61. Saxe, J. P.; Lubenow, B. L.; Chiu, P. C.; Huang, C. P.; Cha, D. K. Enhanced biodegradation of azo dyes using an integrated elemental iron-activated sludge system II: effects of physical-chemical parameters. Water Environ. Res. 2005, in press.