메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 302, Issue , 2005, Pages 1-12

Upwelling, downwelling, and cross-shelf transport of bivalve larvae: Test of a hypothesis

Author keywords

Bivalve larvae; Downwelling; Larval dispersal; Larval transport; Oceanography; Supply side ecology

Indexed keywords

BIVALVE; DISPERSAL; DOWNWELLING; LARVAL TRANSPORT; UPWELLING; ZOOPLANKTON;

EID: 28444461136     PISSN: 01718630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3354/meps302001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (191)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0030432915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Larval transport and population dynamics of intertidal barnacles: A coupled benthic/oceanic model
    • Alexander SE, Roughgarden J (1996) Larval transport and population dynamics of intertidal barnacles: a coupled benthic/oceanic model. Ecol Monogr 66:259-275
    • (1996) Ecol Monogr , vol.66 , pp. 259-275
    • Alexander, S.E.1    Roughgarden, J.2
  • 2
    • 0036880460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drifter behavior on the Oregon-Washington shelf during downwelling-favorable winds
    • Austin JA, Barth JA (2002) Drifter behavior on the Oregon-Washington shelf during downwelling-favorable winds. J Phys Oceanogr 32:3132-3144
    • (2002) J Phys Oceanogr , vol.32 , pp. 3132-3144
    • Austin, J.A.1    Barth, J.A.2
  • 3
    • 0036635370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The inner shelf response to wind-driven upwelling and downwelling
    • Austin JA, Lentz SJ (2002) The inner shelf response to wind-driven upwelling and downwelling. J Phys Oceanogr 22:2171-2193
    • (2002) J Phys Oceanogr , vol.22 , pp. 2171-2193
    • Austin, J.A.1    Lentz, S.J.2
  • 4
    • 0002934615 scopus 로고
    • Coastal upwelling
    • Longhurst A (ed) Academic, London, New York
    • Barber RT, Smith RL (1981) Coastal upwelling. In: Longhurst A (ed)Analysis of marine ecosystems. Academic, London, New York, p 31-67
    • (1981) Analysis of Marine Ecosystems , pp. 31-67
    • Barber, R.T.1    Smith, R.L.2
  • 5
    • 0032421436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separation of a coastral upwelling jet at Cape Blanco, Oregon, USA
    • Barth JA, Smith RL (1998) Separation of a coastral upwelling jet at Cape Blanco, Oregon, USA. S Air J Mar Sci 19:5-14
    • (1998) S Air J Mar Sci , vol.19 , pp. 5-14
    • Barth, J.A.1    Smith, R.L.2
  • 6
    • 0033996561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A separating coastal upwelling jet at Cape Blanco, Oregon and its connection to the California Current System
    • Barth J, Pierce S, Smith R (2000) A separating coastal upwelling jet at Cape Blanco, Oregon and its connection to the California Current System. Deep-Sea Res II 47:783-810
    • (2000) Deep-Sea Res II , vol.47 , pp. 783-810
    • Barth, J.1    Pierce, S.2    Smith, R.3
  • 7
    • 0003012883 scopus 로고
    • Ecological control of the occurrence of barnacles in the Miramichi Estuary
    • Bousfield EL (1955) Ecological control of the occurrence of barnacles in the Miramichi Estuary. Natl Mus Can Bull 137:1-66
    • (1955) Natl Mus Can Bull , vol.137 , pp. 1-66
    • Bousfield, E.L.1
  • 9
    • 0002684607 scopus 로고
    • Aids for identification of bivalve larvae of Virginia
    • Chanley P, Andrews JD (1971) Aids for identification of bivalve larvae of Virginia. Malacologia 11:45-119
    • (1971) Malacologia , vol.11 , pp. 45-119
    • Chanley, P.1    Andrews, J.D.2
  • 10
    • 0021550438 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion of marine invertebrate larvae: A review
    • Chia FS, Buckland-Nicks J, Young CM (1984) Locomotion of marine invertebrate larvae: a review. Can J Zool 62:1205-1222
    • (1984) Can J Zool , vol.62 , pp. 1205-1222
    • Chia, F.S.1    Buckland-Nicks, J.2    Young, C.M.3
  • 11
    • 0002577189 scopus 로고
    • The consequences of variation in initial settlement vs. post-settlement mortality in rocky intertidal communities
    • Connell JH (1985) The consequences of variation in initial settlement vs. post-settlement mortality in rocky intertidal communities. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 93:11-45
    • (1985) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.93 , pp. 11-45
    • Connell, J.H.1
  • 12
    • 0032988777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased recruitment of northeastern Pacific barnacles during the 1997 El Nino
    • Connolly RS, Roughgarden J (1999) Increased recruitment of northeastern Pacific barnacles during the 1997 El Nino. Limnol Oceanogr 44:466-469
    • (1999) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.44 , pp. 466-469
    • Connolly, R.S.1    Roughgarden, J.2
  • 13
    • 0034926107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A latitudinal gradient in recruitment of intertidal invertebrates in the northeast Pacific Ocean
    • Connolly SR, Menge BA, Roughgarden J (2001) A latitudinal gradient in recruitment of intertidal invertebrates in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Ecology 82:1799-1813
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 1799-1813
    • Connolly, S.R.1    Menge, B.A.2    Roughgarden, J.3
  • 14
    • 84972074659 scopus 로고
    • Swimming behaviour of the larvae of Pecten maximus (L.) (Bivalvia)
    • Cragg SM (1980) Swimming behaviour of the larvae of Pecten maximus (L.) (Bivalvia). J Mar Biol Assoc UK 60:551-564
    • (1980) J Mar Biol Assoc UK , vol.60 , pp. 551-564
    • Cragg, S.M.1
  • 15
    • 0001743174 scopus 로고
    • The coastal boundary layer in Lake Ontario. II. The summer-fall regime
    • Csanady GT (1972a) The coastal boundary layer in Lake Ontario. II. The summer-fall regime. J Phys Oceanogr 2:168-176
    • (1972) J Phys Oceanogr , vol.2 , pp. 168-176
    • Csanady, G.T.1
  • 16
    • 0344963513 scopus 로고
    • The coastal boundary layer in Lake Ontario. I. The spring regime
    • Csanady GT (1972b) The coastal boundary layer in Lake Ontario. I. The spring regime. J Phys Oceanogr 2:41-53
    • (1972) J Phys Oceanogr , vol.2 , pp. 41-53
    • Csanady, G.T.1
  • 17
    • 0016368908 scopus 로고
    • Mass exchange episodes in the coastal boundary layer, associated with current reversals
    • Csanady GT (1974) Mass exchange episodes in the coastal boundary layer, associated with current reversals. Rapp P-v Reun Cons Int Explor Mer 167:41-45
    • (1974) Rapp P-v Reun Cons Int Explor Mer , vol.167 , pp. 41-45
    • Csanady, G.T.1
  • 18
    • 0034792288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cross-shelf structure of wind-and buoyancy-driven circulation over the North Carolina inner shelf
    • Cudaback CN, Largier JL (2001) The cross-shelf structure of wind-and buoyancy-driven circulation over the North Carolina inner shelf. Cont Shelf Res 21:1649-1668
    • (2001) Cont Shelf Res , vol.21 , pp. 1649-1668
    • Cudaback, C.N.1    Largier, J.L.2
  • 19
    • 0000074014 scopus 로고
    • On the retention of marine larvae in estuaries
    • de Wolf P (1974) On the retention of marine larvae in estuaries. Thalassia Jugoslavica 10:415-424
    • (1974) Thalassia Jugoslavica , vol.10 , pp. 415-424
    • De Wolf, P.1
  • 20
    • 0024221547 scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal variation in size structure of the west coast purple sea urchin: A correlation with headlands
    • Ebert TA, Russell MP (1988) Latitudinal variation in size structure of the west coast purple sea urchin: a correlation with headlands. Limnol Oceanogr 33:286-294
    • (1988) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.33 , pp. 286-294
    • Ebert, T.A.1    Russell, M.P.2
  • 21
    • 0026339578 scopus 로고
    • Cross-shelf transport causes recruitment to intertidal populations in central California
    • Farrell TM, Bracher D, Roughgarden J (1991) Cross-shelf transport causes recruitment to intertidal populations in central California. Limnol Oceanogr 36:279-288
    • (1991) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.36 , pp. 279-288
    • Farrell, T.M.1    Bracher, D.2    Roughgarden, J.3
  • 22
    • 28444432886 scopus 로고
    • Offshore entrainment of anchovy by displacement eddy
    • Fiedler PC (1986) Offshore entrainment of anchovy by displacement eddy. Calif Coop Ocean Fish Investig Rep 77:3248-3255
    • (1986) Calif Coop Ocean Fish Investig Rep , vol.77 , pp. 3248-3255
    • Fiedler, P.C.1
  • 23
    • 84920723932 scopus 로고
    • Sink or swim: Accumulation of biomass at fronts
    • Franks PJS (1992) Sink or swim: accumulation of biomass at fronts. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 82:1-12
    • (1992) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.82 , pp. 1-12
    • Franks, P.J.S.1
  • 24
    • 33746518150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns in dense algal blooms
    • Franks PJS (1997) Spatial patterns in dense algal blooms. Limnol Oceanogr 42:1297-1305
    • (1997) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.42 , pp. 1297-1305
    • Franks, P.J.S.1
  • 25
  • 26
    • 0022171582 scopus 로고
    • Spatial variation in larval concentrations as a cause of spatial variation in settlement for the barnacle Balanus glandula
    • Gaines SD, Brown S, Roughgarden J (1985) Spatial variation in larval concentrations as a cause of spatial variation in settlement for the barnacle Balanus glandula. Oecologia 67:267-272
    • (1985) Oecologia , vol.67 , pp. 267-272
    • Gaines, S.D.1    Brown, S.2    Roughgarden, J.3
  • 28
    • 0036094933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Larval distributions in inner-shelf waters: The roles of wind-driven cross-shelf currents and diel vertical migrations
    • Garland ED, Zimmer CA, Lentz SJ (2002) Larval distributions in inner-shelf waters: the roles of wind-driven cross-shelf currents and diel vertical migrations. Limnol Oceanogr 47:803-817
    • (2002) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.47 , pp. 803-817
    • Garland, E.D.1    Zimmer, C.A.2    Lentz, S.J.3
  • 29
    • 18244407014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swimming against the flow: A mechanism of zooplankton aggregation
    • Genin A, Jaffe JS, Reef R, Richter C, Franks PJS (2005) Swimming against the flow: a mechanism of zooplankton aggregation. Science 308:860-862
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 860-862
    • Genin, A.1    Jaffe, J.S.2    Reef, R.3    Richter, C.4    Franks, P.J.S.5
  • 30
    • 0001602709 scopus 로고
    • Biological consequences of a recurrent eddy off Point Conception, California
    • Haury LR, Pelaez J, Koblinsky CJ, Wiesenhahan D (1986) Biological consequences of a recurrent eddy off Point Conception, California. J Geophys Res 91:12937-12956
    • (1986) J Geophys Res , vol.91 , pp. 12937-12956
    • Haury, L.R.1    Pelaez, J.2    Koblinsky, C.J.3    Wiesenhahan, D.4
  • 31
    • 51249185008 scopus 로고
    • Swimming speeds of oyster larvae Crassostrea virginica in different salinities and temperatures
    • Hidu H, Haskin HH (1978) Swimming speeds of oyster larvae Crassostrea virginica in different salinities and temperatures. Estuaries 1:252-255
    • (1978) Estuaries , vol.1 , pp. 252-255
    • Hidu, H.1    Haskin, H.H.2
  • 32
    • 0027079508 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of sinking velocity, swimming velocity, rotation and path characteristics among six marine dinoflagellate species
    • Kamykowski D, Reed RE, Kirkpatrick GJ (1992) Comparison of sinking velocity, swimming velocity, rotation and path characteristics among six marine dinoflagellate species. Mar Biol 113:319-328
    • (1992) Mar Biol , vol.113 , pp. 319-328
    • Kamykowski, D.1    Reed, R.E.2    Kirkpatrick, G.J.3
  • 33
    • 0037705818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Considerations in estimating larval dispersal distances from oceanographic data
    • Largier J (2003) Considerations in estimating larval dispersal distances from oceanographic data. Ecol Appl 13:S71-S89
    • (2003) Ecol Appl , vol.13
    • Largier, J.1
  • 34
    • 0033578567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plankton patchiness in high-frequency internal waves
    • Lennert-Cody CE, Franks PJS (1999) Plankton patchiness in high-frequency internal waves. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 186:59-66
    • (1999) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.186 , pp. 59-66
    • Lennert-Cody, C.E.1    Franks, P.J.S.2
  • 35
    • 0000984425 scopus 로고
    • Dimensions and shapes of larvae of some marine bivalve mollusks
    • Loosanoff VL, Davis HC, Chanley PE (1966) Dimensions and shapes of larvae of some marine bivalve mollusks. Malacologia 4:351-435
    • (1966) Malacologia , vol.4 , pp. 351-435
    • Loosanoff, V.L.1    Davis, H.C.2    Chanley, P.E.3
  • 37
    • 0000667626 scopus 로고
    • Swimming behaviour of larvae of the ocean quahog Arctica islandica in response to pressure and temperature
    • Mann R, Wolf CC (1983) Swimming behaviour of larvae of the ocean quahog Arctica islandica in response to pressure and temperature. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 13:211-218
    • (1983) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.13 , pp. 211-218
    • Mann, R.1    Wolf, C.C.2
  • 38
    • 0026014412 scopus 로고
    • Swimming rate and responses of larvae of three mactrid bivalves to salinity discontinuities
    • Mann R, Campos BM, Luckenback MW (1991) Swimming rate and responses of larvae of three mactrid bivalves to salinity discontinuities. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 68:257-269
    • (1991) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.68 , pp. 257-269
    • Mann, R.1    Campos, B.M.2    Luckenback, M.W.3
  • 39
    • 0026012684 scopus 로고
    • Relative importance of recruitment and other causes of variation in rocky intertidal community structure
    • Menge BA (1991) Relative importance of recruitment and other causes of variation in rocky intertidal community structure. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 146:69-100
    • (1991) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.146 , pp. 69-100
    • Menge, B.A.1
  • 40
    • 0034734087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top-down and bottom-up community regulation in marine rocky intertidal habitats
    • Menge BA (2000) Top-down and bottom-up community regulation in marine rocky intertidal habitats. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 250:257-289
    • (2000) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.250 , pp. 257-289
    • Menge, B.A.1
  • 41
    • 0030841414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rocky intertidal oceanography: An association between community structure and nearshore phytoplankton concentration
    • Menge BA, Daley BA, Wheeler PA, Strub PT (1997) Rocky intertidal oceanography: an association between community structure and nearshore phytoplankton concentration. Limnol Oceanogr 42:57-66
    • (1997) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.42 , pp. 57-66
    • Menge, B.A.1    Daley, B.A.2    Wheeler, P.A.3    Strub, P.T.4
  • 42
    • 0022179771 scopus 로고
    • The concentrating of organisms at fronts: A coldwater fish and a warm-core Gulf Stream ring
    • Olsen DB, Backus RH (1985) The concentrating of organisms at fronts: a coldwater fish and a warm-core Gulf Stream ring. J Mar Res 43:113-137
    • (1985) J Mar Res , vol.43 , pp. 113-137
    • Olsen, D.B.1    Backus, R.H.2
  • 44
    • 0000692449 scopus 로고
    • Zonation and maintenance of copepod populations in the Oregon upwelling zone
    • Peterson WT, Miller CB, Hutchinson A (1979) Zonation and maintenance of copepod populations in the Oregon upwelling zone. Deep Sea-Res 26A:467-494
    • (1979) Deep Sea-Res , vol.26 A , pp. 467-494
    • Peterson, W.T.1    Miller, C.B.2    Hutchinson, A.3
  • 45
    • 0036073272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avoiding offshore transport of competent larvae during upwelling events: The case of the gastropod Concholepas concolepas in Central Chile
    • Poulin E, Palma AT, Leiva G, Narvaez D, Pacheco R, Navarrete SA, Castilla JC (2002) Avoiding offshore transport of competent larvae during upwelling events: the case of the gastropod Concholepas concolepas in Central Chile. Limnol Oceanogr 47:1248-1255
    • (2002) Limnol Oceanogr , vol.47 , pp. 1248-1255
    • Poulin, E.1    Palma, A.T.2    Leiva, G.3    Narvaez, D.4    Pacheco, R.5    Navarrete, S.A.6    Castilla, J.C.7
  • 46
    • 0003143662 scopus 로고
    • The identification and classification of lamellibranch larvae
    • Rees CB (1950) The identification and classification of lamellibranch larvae. Hull Bull Mar Ecol 3:73-104
    • (1950) Hull Bull Mar Ecol , vol.3 , pp. 73-104
    • Rees, C.B.1
  • 47
    • 0033402960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of a pulsed buoyancy current downstream of Chesapeake Bay
    • Rennie S, Largier J, Lentz S (1999) Observations of a pulsed buoyancy current downstream of Chesapeake Bay. J Geophys Res 104:18227-18240
    • (1999) J Geophys Res , vol.104 , pp. 18227-18240
    • Rennie, S.1    Largier, J.2    Lentz, S.3
  • 48
    • 0024258156 scopus 로고
    • Recruitment dynamics in complex life cycles
    • Roughgarden J, Gains SD, Possingham H (1988) Recruitment dynamics in complex life cycles. Science 241:1460-1466
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 1460-1466
    • Roughgarden, J.1    Gains, S.D.2    Possingham, H.3
  • 49
    • 84876183393 scopus 로고
    • Natural mortality of marine invertebrate larvae
    • Rumrill SS (1990) Natural mortality of marine invertebrate larvae. Ophelia 21:163-198
    • (1990) Ophelia , vol.21 , pp. 163-198
    • Rumrill, S.S.1
  • 50
    • 26944440034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population persistence of California Current fishes and benthic crustaceans: A marine drift paradox
    • Shanks AL, Eckert G (2005) Population persistence of California Current fishes and benthic crustaceans: a marine drift paradox. Ecol Monogr 75(4):505-524
    • (2005) Ecol Monogr , vol.75 , Issue.4 , pp. 505-524
    • Shanks, A.L.1    Eckert, G.2
  • 51
    • 0036083470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations on the distribution of meroplankton during a downwelling event and associated intrusion of the Chesapeake Bay estuarine plume
    • Shanks AL, Largier J, Brink L, Brubaker J, Hooff R (2002) Observations on the distribution of meroplankton during a downwelling event and associated intrusion of the Chesapeake Bay estuarine plume. J Plankton Res 24:391-416
    • (2002) J Plankton Res , vol.24 , pp. 391-416
    • Shanks, A.L.1    Largier, J.2    Brink, L.3    Brubaker, J.4    Hooff, R.5
  • 52
    • 0038468728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations on the distribution of meroplankton during an upwelling event
    • Shanks AL, Largier J, Brubaker J (2003) Observations on the distribution of meroplankton during an upwelling event. J Plankton Res 25:645-667
    • (2003) J Plankton Res , vol.25 , pp. 645-667
    • Shanks, A.L.1    Largier, J.2    Brubaker, J.3
  • 53
    • 0034001585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altimeter-derived variability of surface velocities in the California Current System: 2. Seasonal circulation and eddy statistics
    • Strub PT, James C (2000) Altimeter-derived variability of surface velocities in the California Current System: 2. Seasonal circulation and eddy statistics. Deep-Sea Res II 47:831-870
    • (2000) Deep-Sea Res II , vol.47 , pp. 831-870
    • Strub, P.T.1    James, C.2
  • 54
    • 0001924317 scopus 로고
    • Bivalve larvae of Malpeque Bay, P.E.I.
    • Sullivan CM (1948) Bivalve larvae of Malpeque Bay, P.E.I. Fish Res Bd Can Bull LXXVII:1-36
    • (1948) Fish Res Bd Can Bull , vol.77 , pp. 1-36
    • Sullivan, C.M.1
  • 55
    • 0002797207 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction and larval development of Danish marine bottom invertebrates, with special reference to the planktonic larvae in the sound (Oresund)
    • Thorson G (1946) Reproduction and larval development of Danish marine bottom invertebrates, with special reference to the planktonic larvae in the sound (Oresund). Medd Dan Fisk Havunders Ser Plank 4:1-523
    • (1946) Medd Dan Fisk Havunders Ser Plank , vol.4 , pp. 1-523
    • Thorson, G.1
  • 56
    • 84924921603 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction and larval ecology of marine bottom invertebrates
    • Thorson G (1950) Reproduction and larval ecology of marine bottom invertebrates. Biol Rev 25:1-45
    • (1950) Biol Rev , vol.25 , pp. 1-45
    • Thorson, G.1
  • 57
    • 0002285042 scopus 로고
    • Structure of a rocky intertidal community in New South Wales: Patterns of vertical distribution and seasonal change
    • Underwood AJ (1981) Structure of a rocky intertidal community in New South Wales: patterns of vertical distribution and seasonal change. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 51:57-85
    • (1981) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.51 , pp. 57-85
    • Underwood, A.J.1
  • 58
    • 0029669514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scales of spatial patterns of distributions of intertidal invertebrates
    • Underwood AJ, Chapman MG (1996) Scales of spatial patterns of distributions of intertidal invertebrates. Oecologia 107:212-224
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.107 , pp. 212-224
    • Underwood, A.J.1    Chapman, M.G.2
  • 59
    • 0000425602 scopus 로고
    • Paradigms, explanations, and generalizations in models for the structure of intertidal communities on rocky shores
    • Strong DR, Simberloff D, Abele LG, Thistle AB (eds) Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
    • Underwood AJ, Denley E (1984) Paradigms, explanations, and generalizations in models for the structure of intertidal communities on rocky shores. In: Strong DR, Simberloff D, Abele LG, Thistle AB (eds) Ecological communities: conceptual issues and the evidence. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, p 151-180
    • (1984) Ecological Communities: Conceptual Issues and the Evidence , pp. 151-180
    • Underwood, A.J.1    Denley, E.2
  • 60
    • 0024486404 scopus 로고
    • Supply-side ecology and benthic marine assemblages
    • Underwood AJ, Fairweather PG (1988) Supply-side ecology and benthic marine assemblages. Trends Ecol Evol 4:16-20
    • (1988) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.4 , pp. 16-20
    • Underwood, A.J.1    Fairweather, P.G.2
  • 61
    • 0001199744 scopus 로고
    • How many cells to count?
    • Sournia A (ed) UNESCO, Paris
    • Venrick EL (1978) How many cells to count? In: Sournia A (ed) Phytoplankton manual. UNESCO, Paris, p 167-180
    • (1978) Phytoplankton Manual , pp. 167-180
    • Venrick, E.L.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.