The current management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Advances in Surgery

Volumn 39, Issue , 2005, Pages 193-221

  Efron, David T ^a   Lillemoe, Keith D ^b  

^a DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY   (United States)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 28444446756     PISSN: 00653411     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yasu.2005.04.008     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Erlandson RA, Woodruff JM: Role of electron microscopy in the evaluation of soft tissue neoplasms, with emphasis on spindle cell and pleomorphic tumors. Hum Pathol 29:1372-1381, 1998.
2. Mackay B, Ro J, Floyd C, et al: Ultrastructural observations on smooth muscle tumors. Ultrastructural Pathol 11:593-607, 1987.
3. Lauwers GY, Erlandson RA, Casper ES, et al: Gastrointestinal autonomie nerve tumors: A clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of 12 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 17:887-897, 1993.
4. Franquemont DW: Differentiation and risk assessment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Am J Clin Pathol 103:41-47, 1995.
5. Segal A, Carello S, Caterina P, et al: Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumors: A clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of 10 cases. Pathology 26:439-447, 1994.
6. Dhimes P, Lopez-Carreira M, Ortega-Serrano MP, et al: Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumours and their separation from other gastrointestinal stromal tumours: An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of seven cases. Virchows Arch 426:27-35, 1995.
7. Seidal T, Edvardsson H: Expression of c-kit (CD117) and Ki67 provides information about the possible cell of origin and clinical course of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Histopathology 34:416-424, 1999.
8. Kindblom LG, Remotti HE, Aldenborg F, et al: Gastrointestinal pacemaker cell tumor (GIPACT): Gastrointestinal stromal tumors show phenotypic characteristics of the interstitial cells of Cajal. Am J Pathol 152: 1259-1269, 1998.
9. Rossi CR, Mocellin S, Mencarelli R, et al: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: From a surgical to a molecular approach. Int J Cancer 107:171-176, 2003.
10. Connolly EM, Gaffney E, Reynolds JV: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Br J Surg 90:1178-1186, 2003.
11. Isozaki K, Terris B, Belghiti, et al: Germline-activating mutation in the kinase domain of KIT gene in familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Am J Pathol 157:1581-1585, 2000.
12. Fletcher C, Berman J, Corless C, et al: Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A consensus approach. Int J Surg Pathol 10:81-89, 2002.
13. Ernst SI, Hubbs AE, Przygodzki RM, et al: KIT mutation portends poor prognosis in gastrointestinal stromal/smooth muscle tumors. Lab Invest 78:1633-1636, 1998.
14. Wong NACS, Young R, Malcomson RDG, et al: Prognostic indicators for gastrointestinal stromal tumours: A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 108 resected cases of the stomach. Histopathology 43:118-126, 2003.
15. Taniguchi M, Nishida T, Hirota S, et al: Effect of c-kit mutation on prognosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer Res 59:4297-4300, 1999.
16. Graadt van Roggen JF, van Veltthuysen MLF, Hogendoorn PCW: The histopathological differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Clin Pathol 54:96-102, 2001.
17. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A, et al: PDGFRA activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Science 299:708-710, 2003.
18. Hirota S, Ohashi A, Nishida T, et al: Gain-of-function mutations of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Gastroenterology 125:660-667, 2003.
19. Tornoczky T, Kover E, Pajor L: Frequent occurrence of low grade cases among metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours. J Clin Pathol 56:363-367, 2003.
20. Vrettou E, Karkavelas G, Christoforidou B, et al: Immunohistochemical phenotyping and DNA detection in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Anticancer Res 15:943-950, 1995.
21. Ray R, Tahan SR, Andrews C, et al: Stromal tumors of the stomach: Prognostic value of the PCNA index. Mod Pathol 7:26-30, 1994.
22. Yu CC, Fletcher CD, Newman PL, et al: A comparison of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining, nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining, and histological grading in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Pathol 166:147-152, 1992.
23. Lerma E, Lee SJ, Tugues D, et al: Ploidy of 36 stromal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract: A comparative study with flow cytometry and image analysis. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 16:435-440, 1994.
24. Rudolph P, Gloeckner K, Parwaresch R, et al: Immunophenotype, proliferation, DNA ploidy, and biological behavior of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A multivariate clinicopathologic study. Hum Pathol 29:791-800, 1998.
25. Lerma E, Oliva E, Tugues D, et al: Stromal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract: A clinicopathological and ploidy analysis of 33 cases. Virchows Arch 424:19-24, 1994.
26. Cooper RN, Quirke P, Hardy GJ, et al: A flow cytometric, clinical, and histological study of stromal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Surg Pathol 162:163-170, 1992.
27. Sakurai S, Fukayama M, Kaizaki Y, et al: Telomerase activity in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Cancer 83:2060-2066, 1998.
28. House MG, Guo MZ, Efron DT, et al: Tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation as a predictor of gastric stromal tumor behavior. J Gastrointest Surg 2003 7:1004-1014, 2003.
29. Kontogianni K, Demonakou M, Kavantzas N, et al: Prognostic predictors of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A multi-institutional analysis of 102 patients with definition of a prognostic index. Eur J Surg Oncol 29:548-556, 2003.
30. Fuller CE, Williams GT: Gastrointestinal manifestations of type 1 neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease). Histopathology 19:1-11, 1991.
31. Efron DT, Lillemoe KD, Cameron JL, et al: Surgical management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A single institution 33-year experience. Gastroenterology 120:41A, 2001.
32. Palazzo L, Landi B, Cellier C, et al: Endosonographic features predictive of benign and malignant gastrointestinal stromal cell tumours. Gut 46:88-92, 2000.
33. Chak A, Canto MI, Rosch T, et al: Endosonographic differentiation of benign and malignant stromal cell tumors. Gastrointest Endosc 45:468-473, 1997.
34. Okai T, Minamoto T, Ohtsubo K, et al: Endosonographic evaluation of c-kit positive gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Abdom Imaging 28:301-307, 2003.
35. Tateishi U, Hasegawa T, Satake M, et al: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Correlation of computed tomography findings with tumor grade and mortality. J Comput Assist Tomogr 27:792-798, 2003.
36. Burkill GJC, Badran M, Al-Muderis O, et al: Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Distribution, imaging features, and pattern of metastatic spread. Radiology 226:527-532, 2003.
37. Chun HJ, Byun JY, Chun KA, et al: Gastrointestinal leiomyomas and leiomyosarcoma: CT differentiation. J Comput Assist Tomogr 22:69-74, 1998.
38. Antoch G, Kanja J, Bauer S, et al: Comparison of PET, CT and dual-modality PET/CT imaging for monitoring of imatinib (STI571) therapy in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Nucl Med 45:357-365, 2004.
39. Dodd LG, Nelson RC, Mooney EE, et al: Fine-needle aspiration of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Am J Clin Pathol 109:439-443, 1998.
40. Matsui M, Goto H, Niwa Y, et al: Preliminary results of fine needle aspiration biopsy histology in upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors. Endoscopy 30:750-755, 1998.
41. Ng EH, Pollock RE, Romsdahl MM: Prognostic implications of patterns of failure for gastrointestinal leiomyosarcomas. Cancer 69:1334-1341, 1992.
42. Bowers BA, Watters CR, Szpak CA, et al: Abdominal leiomyosarcoma: Aggressive management. South Med J 82:313-317, 1989.
43. Eilber FC, Rosen G, Forcher C, et al: Surgical resection and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for recurrent abdominal sarcomas. Ann Surg Oncol 6:645-650, 1999.
44. Chen H, Pruitt A, Nicol TL, et al: Complete hepatic resection of metastases from leiomyosarcoma prolongs survival. J Gastrointest Surg 2:151-155, 1998.
45. Miettinen M, Sarlomo-Rikala M, Sobin LH, et al: Esophageal stromal tumors: A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study of 17 cases and comparison with esophageal leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas. Am J Surg Pathol 24:211-222, 2000.
46. Hatch GF, Wertheimer-Hatch L, Hatch KF, et al: Tumors of the esophagus. World J Surg 24:401-411, 2000.
47. Davis GB, Blanchard DK, Hatch GF, et al: Tumors of the stomach. World J Surg 24:412-420, 2000.
48. Sanders L, Silverman M, Rossi R, et al: Gastric smooth muscle tumors: Diagnostic dilemmas and factors affecting outcome. World J Surg 20:992-995, 1996.
49. Trupiano JK, Stewart RE, Misick C, et al: Gastric stromal tumors: A clinicopathologic study of 77 cases with correlation of features with nonaggressive and aggressive clinical behaviors. Am J Surg Pathol 26:705-714, 2002.
50. Grant CS, Kim CH, Farrugia G, et al: Gastric leiomyosarcoma prognostic factors and surgical management. Arch Surg 126:985-990, 1991.
51. Blanchard DK, Budde JM, Hatch GF, et al: Tumors of the small intestine. World J Surg 24:421-429, 2000.
52. Crosby JA, Catton CN, Davis A, et al: Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the small intestine: A review of 50 cases from a prospective database. Ann Surg Oncol 8:50-59, 2001.
53. Hatch KF, Blanchard K, Hatch GF, et al: Tumors of the rectum and anal canal. World J Surg 24:437-443, 2000.
54. Hatch KF, Blanchard K, Hatch GF, et al: Tumors of the appendix and colon. World J Surg 24:430-436, 2000.
55. DeMatteo R, Lewis J, Leung D, et al: Two hundred gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Recurrence patterns and prognostic factors for survival. Ann Surg 231:51-58, 2000.
56. Lev D, Kariv K, Issakov J, et al: Gastrointestinal stromal sarcomas. Br J Surg 86:545-549, 1999.
57. Kimura H, Yonemura Y, Kadoya N, et al: Prognostic factors in primary gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma: A retrospective study. World J Surg 15:771-777, 1991.
58. Ludwig DJ, Traverso LW: Gut stromal tumors and their clinical behavior. Am J Surg 173:390-394, 1997.
59. Yeu-Tsu ML: Leiomyosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract: General pattern of metastasis and recurrence. Cancer Treat Rev 10:91-101, 1983.
60. Pierie JP, Choudry U, Muzikansky A, et al: The effect of surgery and grade on outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Arch Surg 136:383-389, 2001.
61. Rossi C, Foletto M, Mocellin S, et al: Hyperthermic intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy with cisplatin and doxorubicin in patients who undergo cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal carcinomatosis and sacromatosis. Cancer 94:492-499, 2002.
62. Mavligit GM, Zukiwski AA, Salem PA, et al: Regression of hepatic metastases from gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma after hepatic arterial chemoembolization. Cancer 68:321-323, 1991.
63. Drucker B, Tamura S, Buchdunger E, et al: Effects of a selective inhibitor of the Abl tyrosine kinase on the growth of Bcr-Abl positive cells. Nat Med 2:561-566, 1996.
64. Joensuu H, Roberts P, Sarlomo-Rikala M, et al: Effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571 in a patient with a metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. N Engl J Med 344:1052-1056, 2001.
65. Van Oosterom AT, Judson I, Verweij J, et al: Safety and efficacy of imatinib (STI571) in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumours: A phase I study. Lancet 358:1421-1423, 2001.
66. Demetri G, von Mehren M, Blanke C, et al: Efficacy and safety of imatinib mesylate in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors. N Engl J Med 347:472-480, 2002.
67. Verweij J, Casali PG, Zalcberg J, et al: Progression-free survival in gastrointestinal stromal tumours with high-dose imatinib: Randomized trial. Lancet 364:1127-1134, 2004.
68. Benjamin RS, Rankin C, Fletcher C, et al: Phase III dose-randomized study of imatinib mesylate (STI571) for GIST: Intergroup S0033 early results (abstract). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:814A, 2003.
69. Scaife CL, Hunt KK, Patel SR, et al: Is there a role for surgery in patients with "unresectable" cKIT+ gastrointestinal stromal tumors treated with imatinib mesylate? Am J Surg 186:665-669, 2003.
70. Bumming P, Andersson J, Meis-Kinkblom JM, et al: Neoadjuvant, adjuvant and palliative treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) with imatinib: A center-based study of 17 patients. Br J Cancer 89:460-464, 2003.
71. Debiec-Rychter M, Dumez H, Judson I, et al: Use of c-KIT/PDGFRA mutational analysis to predict the clinical response to imatinib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours entered on phase I and II studies of the EORTC Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group. Eur J Cancer 40:689-695, 2004.
72. Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Demetri GD, et al: Kinase mutations and imatinib response in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor. J Clin Oncol 21:4342-4349, 2003.
73. Zalcberg JR, Verweij J, Casall PG, et al: Outcome of patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) crossing over to a daily imatinib dose of 800 mg after progression on 400 mg: An international, Intergoup study of the EORTC, ISG, and AGITG (abstract). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 23:815A, 2004.
74. Demetri GD, George S, Heinrich MC, et al: Clinical activity and tolerability of the multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU 11248 in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor refractory to imatinib mesylate (abstract). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:814A, 2003.
75. National Comprehensive Cancer Network: Sarcoma Guidelines, http: //www.nccn.org/, accessed 2004.