Failure mechanisms and material degradation processes at high temperatures in ammonia synthesis

Corrosion Engineering Science and Technology

Volumn 40, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 204-210

  Korkhaus, J ^a  

^a BASF SE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Ammonia plants; Failure; Hydrogen attack; Materials degradation; Metal dusting

Indexed keywords

FAILURE ANALYSIS; HIGH TEMPERATURE EFFECTS; INDUSTRIAL PLANTS; OPTIMIZATION; PYROLYSIS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL); WASTE HEAT UTILIZATION;

FAILURE MECHANISMS; HYDROGEN ATTACK; MATERIALS DEGRADATION; METAL DUSTING;

AMMONIA;

EID: 28244456260     PISSN: 1478422X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1179/174327805X66245     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (7)

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3. TNO-Research Project: 'Prevention of relaxation cracking by material selections and/or heat treatment', Final Report, Apeldoorn, November 2000 - unpublished.
4. 2 atmosphere', AIChE, Technical Manual, Ammonia Plant Safety, Vol. 37, 1996.
5. TNO-Research Project: 'Prevention of metal dusting in chemical production plants'. Final Report, Apeldoorn, October 2003 -unpublished.
6. A. Heuser: 'Repair of a thick-walled ammonia synthesis converter containing a leak', AIChE, Technical Manual, Ammonia Plant Safety, Vol. 32, 1993.
7. G. H. Wagner, A. Heuser and G. Heinke: 'Hydrogen attack in 21/4Cr-1Mo steel below Nelson's curve', AIChE, Technical Manual, Ammonia Plant Safety, Vol. 3, 1991.